Page 1 of 50
“NCSBN PN EXAM 3 2025 “ NEWEST UPDATED EXAM 2025 – 2026 SOLVED
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS VERIFIED 100% GRADED A+ (LATEST VERSION) WELL
REVISED AND HIGHLY RECOMMENDALE
A nurse observes a newborn whose Apgar score was 8 at one minute and then
9 at the five-minute evaluation. These scores would be more commonly related
to abnormalities in which of these areas?
Color RATIONALE- Acrocyanosis (blue hands and feet) is the most common Apgar
score deduction and is a normal adaptation in the newborn in response to the
environment. If the environment is cool, then the hands and feet would display a
more bluish discoloration. On average it lasts for about 48 to 72 hours. Recall that
the maximum score is 10 for Apgar, so 1 or 2 points lower would suggest a problem
that is probably not as severe as a problem related to heart rate, muscle tone or cry
(respirations).
An anxious parent of a 4 year-old discusses with the nurse how to answer the
child's question: "Where do babies come from?" What is the best response by
the nurse to the parent?
"When a child of this age asks a question, give a simple answer." RATIONALE
During discussions related to sexuality, honesty is very important. However, honesty
does not mean imparting every fact of life associated with the question. When
children ask one question, they are looking for one answer. When they are ready,
they will ask about the other pieces of information by the use of specific questions.
The registered nurse is preparing a client and her healthy newborn for
discharge and provides information about hormonal effects in newborns. The
licensed practical nurse understands that which finding in the newborn is due
to the maternal hormones?
Enlargement of the breasts RATIONALE -Of all the options, the most commonly
expected physical finding due to maternal hormones is breast engorgement. This
can occur in both boys and girls. Mongolian blue spots commonly appear at birth or
shortly thereafter; they are flat, blue, or blue-gray skin markings near the buttocks.
The newborn scrotum can be filled with clear fluid (which was squeezed into the
scrotum during the birth process); it will be reabsorbed over the next few months.
Lanugo is the fine downy hair that may be present on the backs and shoulders of
newborns, particularly premature infants.
A home health nurse is making an initial visit to a 70 year-old client. What
should be the first action to meet the client's health needs?
Identify learning needs RATIONALE- With the focus on health promotion, the nurse
should first identify any learning needs. Once learning needs are identified, the nurse
would know if meal planning assistance is needed. Reviewing medications and
, Page 2 of 50
discussing health history are part of the initial assessment. Helpful hint: since this is
a very general question, you should look for a response that's more general.
The nurse is discussing modifiable cardiac risk factors with a group of adults.
Which topic should the nurse reinforce as the priority intervention?
Smoking cessation RATIONALE Stopping smoking is the priority for clients at risk for
cardiac disease because of the effects of reduced oxygenation and constriction of
blood vessels. Notice that three of the options are all actions that indirectly reduce
cardiac risk factors. Ask yourself which of the options should happen first or which
one would have an immediate impact on the body: weight, stress, exercise or
smoking?
The nurse is measuring blood pressure at a community health fair. When the
nurse tells someone that his blood pressure is 160/96 mm Hg, he states, "My
blood pressure is usually much lower." What is the best response to this
statement?
Get your blood pressure checked again within the next 48 to 72 hours" RATIONALE-
The blood pressure reading is moderately high and should be rechecked within a few
days. Since the client states it is "usually much lower" the elevated BP could be a
concern but it is not clear what the client considers to be a "much lower" BP. The
nurse should measure the blood pressure in the other arm and compare the two
readings. Waiting two or three weeks for follow-up is too long.
The nurse practices in a long-term care facility and understands that older
adults are at greater risk for experiencing adverse effects from medications.
What physiologic changes could contribute to these adverse effects?
Decrease in total body water and an increase in proportion body fat RATIONALE
Because older clients have a decline in lean body mass and changes in total body
water in which to distribute medications, more medication remains in the circulatory
system with potential for medication toxicity. Increased proportion of body fat results
in greater amounts of fat-soluble medications being absorbed, leaving less in the
circulation, and thus increasing the duration of action of the medication.
A client is forgetful and experiences short-term memory loss. When collecting
data about short-term memory loss, which action should the nurse take first?
Confirm that no hearing loss RATIONALE Hearing loss may result in the client
answering questions inappropriately, which may be misinterpreted as a short-term
memory loss. Asking clients to state their birthdate is used to assess long-term
memory. Observing the client during activity may be done for mobility concerns or
deficits. Having the client read something can be used to assess vision problems.
A 14 year-old boy with a history of hemophilia A was admitted after a fall while
playing basketball. In understanding his behavior and assisting in planning
care for this client, what should the nurse recognize concerning the behavior
of adolescents with a chronic disease?
Often take part in active sports RATIONALE Adolescent hemophiliacs should be
aware that contact sports may trigger bleeding. However, developmental
characteristics of adolescents, such as impulsivity, inexperience and peer pressure,
often place them in unsafe situations. Adolescents do not want to appear differently
, Page 3 of 50
to their peers and would probably not willingly offer information about their disease to
others.
The nurse is providing care for an adolescent. Which intervention best
demonstrates the nurse's sensitivity to an adolescent's need for autonomy?
Provide discussion of concerns without the presence of parents or guardians
RATIONALE While the family is an important component in the care of an
adolescent, it is also important to spend time alone with the adolescent. This is an
opportunity for the nurse to hear the teen's perspective and to really listen to his/her
concerns.
Fetal Station
the relationship between the presenting part of the baby with the mother's pelvis
Fetal Lie
the relationship between the head to tailbone axis for both the fetus and the mother
Fetal Attitude
the relationship of the fetal body parts to one another
Fetal Presentation
portion of the fetus that enters the pelvic inlet first (cephalic, breech,
LOA (left occiput anterior):
fetal occiput is on the left side of the maternal pelvis toward the front and the fetal
face is toward the rear of the pelvis
ROA (right occiput anterior):
fetal occiput is on the right side of the maternal pelvis toward the front and the fetal
face is toward the rear of the pelvis
LOP (left occiput posterior):
fetal occiput is on the left side of the maternal pelvis toward the rear and the fetal
face is toward the front of the pelvis
ROP (right occiput posterior):
fetal occiput is on the right side of the maternal pelvis toward the rear and the fetal
face is toward the front of the pelvis
Dilating stage
Begins with the first true labor contractions to complete dilatation of the cervix (10
cm)
Latent (early) or prodromal
contractions last from 30 to 45 seconds with the intensity gradually increasing;
frequency of contractions is from 5 to 20 minutes dilation is from 0 to 3 centimeters
bloody show is usually present
the mother is usually able to walk and talk during this phase; diversion is usually
welcomed
Active or accelerated
contractions become stronger and last longer, usually 45 to 60 seconds; frequency is
from 3 to 5 minutes cervix dilates from 4 to 7 centimeters the mother is not able to
walk, tends to withdraw from the surrounding environment but desires
companionship and encouragement
Transient or transitional
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contractions are sharp, more intensified, lasting 60 to 90 seconds; frequency of
contractions is from 2 to 3 minutes cervix dilates from 8 to 10 centimeters increase in
the bloody show mother feels an urge to push or to have a bowel movement
Rh positive mother + Rh positive father =
Rh positive baby...no precautions are needed.
Rh negative mother + Rh negative father =
Rh negative baby...no precautions are needed.
Rh positive mother + Rh negative father =
baby could be either Rh positive or Rh negative...no precautions are needed.
Rh negative mother + Rh positive father =
baby could be either Rh positive or Rh negative...give Rho (D) immune globulin.
Fetal movement count during the third trimester should be at least 5
movements per day. (T/F)
FALSE, In the third trimester, an awake, healthy fetus should move at least 3 times
per hour. If the baby does not move, the mother should drink a glass of juice and
then start a new count.
The fourth stage of labor is placental separation and expulsion. (T/F)
FALSE, The third stage of labor is placental separation and expulsion and lasts
about 5 to 30 minutes. The fourth stage of labor is maternal adaptation, occurring 1
to 2 hours after birth.
When the fetus is active, its heart rate should increase by about 15 beats per
minute. (T/F)
TRUE, When the fetus is active, its heart rate will accelerate by about 15 beats per
minute above the baseline. Average fetal heart rate is about 130 BPM when near
term.
Most pregnancy tests measure the level of estrogen in the woman's blood.
(T/F)
FALSE, Pregnancy tests measure the hormone human chorionic gonadotropin
(hCG) in the urine or in the blood. Levels can be first detected about 12 to 14 days
after conception and peak in the first 8 to 11 weeks of pregnancy.
One of the first signs of pregnancy is Chadwick's sign, which is the softening
of the cervix. (T/F)
FALSE, There are several findings of pregnancy during the first trimester. Increased
vascularity in the vagina is called Chadwick's sign; the increased vascularization and
softness of the uterine isthmus is Hegar's sign; and the softening of the cervix is
Goodell's sign.
The nurse will give Rh immune globulin (RhoGAM®) to a Rh negative women
after a miscarriage (spontaneous abortion). (T/F)
TRUE, RhoGAM® is administered to Rh negative women after any possible
exposure to fetal blood, such as after each ectopic pregnancy, miscarriage, abortion
or amniocentesis. RhoGAM® will be given to help prevent problems associated with
incompatible blood types in future pregnancies.
Chloasma is the first milk the new mother produces. (T/F)
“NCSBN PN EXAM 3 2025 “ NEWEST UPDATED EXAM 2025 – 2026 SOLVED
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS VERIFIED 100% GRADED A+ (LATEST VERSION) WELL
REVISED AND HIGHLY RECOMMENDALE
A nurse observes a newborn whose Apgar score was 8 at one minute and then
9 at the five-minute evaluation. These scores would be more commonly related
to abnormalities in which of these areas?
Color RATIONALE- Acrocyanosis (blue hands and feet) is the most common Apgar
score deduction and is a normal adaptation in the newborn in response to the
environment. If the environment is cool, then the hands and feet would display a
more bluish discoloration. On average it lasts for about 48 to 72 hours. Recall that
the maximum score is 10 for Apgar, so 1 or 2 points lower would suggest a problem
that is probably not as severe as a problem related to heart rate, muscle tone or cry
(respirations).
An anxious parent of a 4 year-old discusses with the nurse how to answer the
child's question: "Where do babies come from?" What is the best response by
the nurse to the parent?
"When a child of this age asks a question, give a simple answer." RATIONALE
During discussions related to sexuality, honesty is very important. However, honesty
does not mean imparting every fact of life associated with the question. When
children ask one question, they are looking for one answer. When they are ready,
they will ask about the other pieces of information by the use of specific questions.
The registered nurse is preparing a client and her healthy newborn for
discharge and provides information about hormonal effects in newborns. The
licensed practical nurse understands that which finding in the newborn is due
to the maternal hormones?
Enlargement of the breasts RATIONALE -Of all the options, the most commonly
expected physical finding due to maternal hormones is breast engorgement. This
can occur in both boys and girls. Mongolian blue spots commonly appear at birth or
shortly thereafter; they are flat, blue, or blue-gray skin markings near the buttocks.
The newborn scrotum can be filled with clear fluid (which was squeezed into the
scrotum during the birth process); it will be reabsorbed over the next few months.
Lanugo is the fine downy hair that may be present on the backs and shoulders of
newborns, particularly premature infants.
A home health nurse is making an initial visit to a 70 year-old client. What
should be the first action to meet the client's health needs?
Identify learning needs RATIONALE- With the focus on health promotion, the nurse
should first identify any learning needs. Once learning needs are identified, the nurse
would know if meal planning assistance is needed. Reviewing medications and
, Page 2 of 50
discussing health history are part of the initial assessment. Helpful hint: since this is
a very general question, you should look for a response that's more general.
The nurse is discussing modifiable cardiac risk factors with a group of adults.
Which topic should the nurse reinforce as the priority intervention?
Smoking cessation RATIONALE Stopping smoking is the priority for clients at risk for
cardiac disease because of the effects of reduced oxygenation and constriction of
blood vessels. Notice that three of the options are all actions that indirectly reduce
cardiac risk factors. Ask yourself which of the options should happen first or which
one would have an immediate impact on the body: weight, stress, exercise or
smoking?
The nurse is measuring blood pressure at a community health fair. When the
nurse tells someone that his blood pressure is 160/96 mm Hg, he states, "My
blood pressure is usually much lower." What is the best response to this
statement?
Get your blood pressure checked again within the next 48 to 72 hours" RATIONALE-
The blood pressure reading is moderately high and should be rechecked within a few
days. Since the client states it is "usually much lower" the elevated BP could be a
concern but it is not clear what the client considers to be a "much lower" BP. The
nurse should measure the blood pressure in the other arm and compare the two
readings. Waiting two or three weeks for follow-up is too long.
The nurse practices in a long-term care facility and understands that older
adults are at greater risk for experiencing adverse effects from medications.
What physiologic changes could contribute to these adverse effects?
Decrease in total body water and an increase in proportion body fat RATIONALE
Because older clients have a decline in lean body mass and changes in total body
water in which to distribute medications, more medication remains in the circulatory
system with potential for medication toxicity. Increased proportion of body fat results
in greater amounts of fat-soluble medications being absorbed, leaving less in the
circulation, and thus increasing the duration of action of the medication.
A client is forgetful and experiences short-term memory loss. When collecting
data about short-term memory loss, which action should the nurse take first?
Confirm that no hearing loss RATIONALE Hearing loss may result in the client
answering questions inappropriately, which may be misinterpreted as a short-term
memory loss. Asking clients to state their birthdate is used to assess long-term
memory. Observing the client during activity may be done for mobility concerns or
deficits. Having the client read something can be used to assess vision problems.
A 14 year-old boy with a history of hemophilia A was admitted after a fall while
playing basketball. In understanding his behavior and assisting in planning
care for this client, what should the nurse recognize concerning the behavior
of adolescents with a chronic disease?
Often take part in active sports RATIONALE Adolescent hemophiliacs should be
aware that contact sports may trigger bleeding. However, developmental
characteristics of adolescents, such as impulsivity, inexperience and peer pressure,
often place them in unsafe situations. Adolescents do not want to appear differently
, Page 3 of 50
to their peers and would probably not willingly offer information about their disease to
others.
The nurse is providing care for an adolescent. Which intervention best
demonstrates the nurse's sensitivity to an adolescent's need for autonomy?
Provide discussion of concerns without the presence of parents or guardians
RATIONALE While the family is an important component in the care of an
adolescent, it is also important to spend time alone with the adolescent. This is an
opportunity for the nurse to hear the teen's perspective and to really listen to his/her
concerns.
Fetal Station
the relationship between the presenting part of the baby with the mother's pelvis
Fetal Lie
the relationship between the head to tailbone axis for both the fetus and the mother
Fetal Attitude
the relationship of the fetal body parts to one another
Fetal Presentation
portion of the fetus that enters the pelvic inlet first (cephalic, breech,
LOA (left occiput anterior):
fetal occiput is on the left side of the maternal pelvis toward the front and the fetal
face is toward the rear of the pelvis
ROA (right occiput anterior):
fetal occiput is on the right side of the maternal pelvis toward the front and the fetal
face is toward the rear of the pelvis
LOP (left occiput posterior):
fetal occiput is on the left side of the maternal pelvis toward the rear and the fetal
face is toward the front of the pelvis
ROP (right occiput posterior):
fetal occiput is on the right side of the maternal pelvis toward the rear and the fetal
face is toward the front of the pelvis
Dilating stage
Begins with the first true labor contractions to complete dilatation of the cervix (10
cm)
Latent (early) or prodromal
contractions last from 30 to 45 seconds with the intensity gradually increasing;
frequency of contractions is from 5 to 20 minutes dilation is from 0 to 3 centimeters
bloody show is usually present
the mother is usually able to walk and talk during this phase; diversion is usually
welcomed
Active or accelerated
contractions become stronger and last longer, usually 45 to 60 seconds; frequency is
from 3 to 5 minutes cervix dilates from 4 to 7 centimeters the mother is not able to
walk, tends to withdraw from the surrounding environment but desires
companionship and encouragement
Transient or transitional
, Page 4 of 50
contractions are sharp, more intensified, lasting 60 to 90 seconds; frequency of
contractions is from 2 to 3 minutes cervix dilates from 8 to 10 centimeters increase in
the bloody show mother feels an urge to push or to have a bowel movement
Rh positive mother + Rh positive father =
Rh positive baby...no precautions are needed.
Rh negative mother + Rh negative father =
Rh negative baby...no precautions are needed.
Rh positive mother + Rh negative father =
baby could be either Rh positive or Rh negative...no precautions are needed.
Rh negative mother + Rh positive father =
baby could be either Rh positive or Rh negative...give Rho (D) immune globulin.
Fetal movement count during the third trimester should be at least 5
movements per day. (T/F)
FALSE, In the third trimester, an awake, healthy fetus should move at least 3 times
per hour. If the baby does not move, the mother should drink a glass of juice and
then start a new count.
The fourth stage of labor is placental separation and expulsion. (T/F)
FALSE, The third stage of labor is placental separation and expulsion and lasts
about 5 to 30 minutes. The fourth stage of labor is maternal adaptation, occurring 1
to 2 hours after birth.
When the fetus is active, its heart rate should increase by about 15 beats per
minute. (T/F)
TRUE, When the fetus is active, its heart rate will accelerate by about 15 beats per
minute above the baseline. Average fetal heart rate is about 130 BPM when near
term.
Most pregnancy tests measure the level of estrogen in the woman's blood.
(T/F)
FALSE, Pregnancy tests measure the hormone human chorionic gonadotropin
(hCG) in the urine or in the blood. Levels can be first detected about 12 to 14 days
after conception and peak in the first 8 to 11 weeks of pregnancy.
One of the first signs of pregnancy is Chadwick's sign, which is the softening
of the cervix. (T/F)
FALSE, There are several findings of pregnancy during the first trimester. Increased
vascularity in the vagina is called Chadwick's sign; the increased vascularization and
softness of the uterine isthmus is Hegar's sign; and the softening of the cervix is
Goodell's sign.
The nurse will give Rh immune globulin (RhoGAM®) to a Rh negative women
after a miscarriage (spontaneous abortion). (T/F)
TRUE, RhoGAM® is administered to Rh negative women after any possible
exposure to fetal blood, such as after each ectopic pregnancy, miscarriage, abortion
or amniocentesis. RhoGAM® will be given to help prevent problems associated with
incompatible blood types in future pregnancies.
Chloasma is the first milk the new mother produces. (T/F)
