HHS 454 Exam 1 updated study actual
questions and CORRECT answers
Why do people conduct and read research in communication sciences and disorders? -
CORRECT ANSWER people conduct research to find answers to questions and to
expand knowledge on a certain topic;
we read research in order to gather information and fulfill EBP
What is the scientific method? - CORRECT ANSWER research;
consists of stating a problem, developing a hypothesis, designing an experiment, analyzing
results, and interpreting results
experimental research - CORRECT ANSWER investigating a relationship between
variables
Be able to identify PICO elements of a question and put questions into PICO format. Can you
write a PICO question from a study description? Which variables can be found in the PICO
question? - CORRECT ANSWER P=population
I=intervention (independent variable)
C=comparison
O=outcome (dependent variable)
In POPULATION, does INTERVENTION as compared to COMPARISON/CONTROL
GROUP result in OUTCOME (within time period)
independent variable - CORRECT ANSWER the characteristic or manipulation the
research wants to study (intervention); variable that is changed
What is evidence-based practice in the field of communication disorders EBP? - CORRECT
ANSWER process that aims to provide clients & practitioners with the information
needed to choose the best procedure for a client's benefit. the three components are evidence,
clinical expertise, and client perspectives
, What is clinical expertise and why is it not enough to make treatment decisions? - CORRECT
ANSWER clinical expertise is the knowledge, judgment, and critical reasoning
acquired through your training and professional experiences. you need all three components
of EBP to make informed, evidence based decisions and provide high quality services
reflecting the interests, values, needs and choices of individuals with communication
disorders
What is the role of client/family preferences in treatment decisions? - CORRECT
ANSWER the role of client/family preferences is important in treatment decisions
because you need to keep in mind the unique set of personal and cultural circumstances,
values, priorities, and expectations
nominal level of measurement - CORRECT ANSWER name or label an attribute or
trait, assigned instances to a category (ex: breeds of dogs)
Central tendency- be able to calculate and interpret mean, median, mode - CORRECT
ANSWER Mode: The category, response, or number that occurs most frequently.
Bimodal distributions are those with two "frequent" outcomes
Median: The number that occurs at the midpoint of a distribution
Mean: Calculation involves summing all scores and dividing by the total number of scores
Define and calculate percentages and proportions - CORRECT ANSWER Calculation
of proportions: # in category/ total number
Ex. 15/60= .25
Calculation of percentages: (# in category/total number) x 100Ex. (15/60=.25)x100= 25%
Distribution/variability - range, variance, standard deviation - CORRECT
ANSWER Range: minimum to maximum
Interquartile range: 25-75%, middle range
Variance: how all scores vary in the data set
Standard deviation: square root of the variance (larger s.d. means the data is more spread out)
questions and CORRECT answers
Why do people conduct and read research in communication sciences and disorders? -
CORRECT ANSWER people conduct research to find answers to questions and to
expand knowledge on a certain topic;
we read research in order to gather information and fulfill EBP
What is the scientific method? - CORRECT ANSWER research;
consists of stating a problem, developing a hypothesis, designing an experiment, analyzing
results, and interpreting results
experimental research - CORRECT ANSWER investigating a relationship between
variables
Be able to identify PICO elements of a question and put questions into PICO format. Can you
write a PICO question from a study description? Which variables can be found in the PICO
question? - CORRECT ANSWER P=population
I=intervention (independent variable)
C=comparison
O=outcome (dependent variable)
In POPULATION, does INTERVENTION as compared to COMPARISON/CONTROL
GROUP result in OUTCOME (within time period)
independent variable - CORRECT ANSWER the characteristic or manipulation the
research wants to study (intervention); variable that is changed
What is evidence-based practice in the field of communication disorders EBP? - CORRECT
ANSWER process that aims to provide clients & practitioners with the information
needed to choose the best procedure for a client's benefit. the three components are evidence,
clinical expertise, and client perspectives
, What is clinical expertise and why is it not enough to make treatment decisions? - CORRECT
ANSWER clinical expertise is the knowledge, judgment, and critical reasoning
acquired through your training and professional experiences. you need all three components
of EBP to make informed, evidence based decisions and provide high quality services
reflecting the interests, values, needs and choices of individuals with communication
disorders
What is the role of client/family preferences in treatment decisions? - CORRECT
ANSWER the role of client/family preferences is important in treatment decisions
because you need to keep in mind the unique set of personal and cultural circumstances,
values, priorities, and expectations
nominal level of measurement - CORRECT ANSWER name or label an attribute or
trait, assigned instances to a category (ex: breeds of dogs)
Central tendency- be able to calculate and interpret mean, median, mode - CORRECT
ANSWER Mode: The category, response, or number that occurs most frequently.
Bimodal distributions are those with two "frequent" outcomes
Median: The number that occurs at the midpoint of a distribution
Mean: Calculation involves summing all scores and dividing by the total number of scores
Define and calculate percentages and proportions - CORRECT ANSWER Calculation
of proportions: # in category/ total number
Ex. 15/60= .25
Calculation of percentages: (# in category/total number) x 100Ex. (15/60=.25)x100= 25%
Distribution/variability - range, variance, standard deviation - CORRECT
ANSWER Range: minimum to maximum
Interquartile range: 25-75%, middle range
Variance: how all scores vary in the data set
Standard deviation: square root of the variance (larger s.d. means the data is more spread out)
