HHS 454 Exam 1 updated actual questions
and CORRECT answers
Describe the research process (5 steps) - CORRECT ANSWER 1. Observe a problem
and identify a study question
2. select study approach
3. design study/ collect data
4. analyze data
5. report findings
What is PICO and FINER used for? - CORRECT ANSWER They are both used as a
format to help develop a research question
Describe PICO - CORRECT ANSWER P: population of interest- patient or problem to
be addressed
I: intervention- what change should be considered (exposure to be considered- treatment/
tests)
C: Compare- what will the intervention be compared to if anything? (control or comparision
intervention treatment/ placebo/ standard of care)
O: Outcome- which outcome is important to the patient/ caregiver? (outcome of interest)
Describe FINER - CORRECT ANSWER F: Feasibility- sufficient resources in terms of
time, staff, and funding
I: Interesting- interesting as a researcher or collaborator
N: novel- through literature research
E: ethical- following ethical guidelines
R: relevant- influence on clinical practice
What type of research is studies of group differences? - CORRECT
ANSWER Quantitative
, What type of research is the relationship between variables? - CORRECT
ANSWER Quantitative
Talk about studies of group differences v. Relationship between variables - CORRECT
ANSWER Group differences: compares two types of groups
Relationship between variables: seeing if there is a relationship between two variables
This example: Do students who sleep 6 or more hours per night score higher on math exams
than students who sleep less than 6 hours per night? What type of research is this? -
CORRECT ANSWER Quantitative—relationship between variables
This example: Is the number of hours a student sleeps related to exam test scores? What type
of research is it? - CORRECT ANSWER Quantitative—-relationship between variables
How do you conceptually define variables? Provide example - CORRECT
ANSWER Description of the definition of the variable you're studying (both IV and
DV)
-type of diet
How do you operationally define variables? Provide examples - CORRECT
ANSWER How you measure that variable
-food journal, scale
True or false: Correlation does mean causation - CORRECT ANSWER False
Define correlation - CORRECT ANSWER When two variables are related
Define causation - CORRECT ANSWER One variable directly affects or changes
another
and CORRECT answers
Describe the research process (5 steps) - CORRECT ANSWER 1. Observe a problem
and identify a study question
2. select study approach
3. design study/ collect data
4. analyze data
5. report findings
What is PICO and FINER used for? - CORRECT ANSWER They are both used as a
format to help develop a research question
Describe PICO - CORRECT ANSWER P: population of interest- patient or problem to
be addressed
I: intervention- what change should be considered (exposure to be considered- treatment/
tests)
C: Compare- what will the intervention be compared to if anything? (control or comparision
intervention treatment/ placebo/ standard of care)
O: Outcome- which outcome is important to the patient/ caregiver? (outcome of interest)
Describe FINER - CORRECT ANSWER F: Feasibility- sufficient resources in terms of
time, staff, and funding
I: Interesting- interesting as a researcher or collaborator
N: novel- through literature research
E: ethical- following ethical guidelines
R: relevant- influence on clinical practice
What type of research is studies of group differences? - CORRECT
ANSWER Quantitative
, What type of research is the relationship between variables? - CORRECT
ANSWER Quantitative
Talk about studies of group differences v. Relationship between variables - CORRECT
ANSWER Group differences: compares two types of groups
Relationship between variables: seeing if there is a relationship between two variables
This example: Do students who sleep 6 or more hours per night score higher on math exams
than students who sleep less than 6 hours per night? What type of research is this? -
CORRECT ANSWER Quantitative—relationship between variables
This example: Is the number of hours a student sleeps related to exam test scores? What type
of research is it? - CORRECT ANSWER Quantitative—-relationship between variables
How do you conceptually define variables? Provide example - CORRECT
ANSWER Description of the definition of the variable you're studying (both IV and
DV)
-type of diet
How do you operationally define variables? Provide examples - CORRECT
ANSWER How you measure that variable
-food journal, scale
True or false: Correlation does mean causation - CORRECT ANSWER False
Define correlation - CORRECT ANSWER When two variables are related
Define causation - CORRECT ANSWER One variable directly affects or changes
another
