PSY-340 FINAL EXAM (QUIZZES 1-14) ARMOR
Which of the following statements about social psychology is the most accurate? -
Answer -Social psychologists examine the influence of situations on behaviors.
What is the "field of forces" that Kurt Lewin emphasized in understanding human
behavior? - Answer -Social Situations
According to social psychologists, which of the following conditions is most likely to
make someone do what an authority figure tells them to do, even if it involves hurting
someone? - Answer -when people can hold the authority figure responsible for his or
her actions
The Good Samaritan study conducted by Darley and Batson (1973) examined helping
behavior in seminary students at Princeton University. These students were either
rushed or not rushed to get to an appointment. The results of this study showed that: -
Answer -the nature of participants' religious orientations did not predict helping
behavior; only whether or not they were rushed predicted whether they helped a person
in need.
What do the results of the Milgram experiment and Darley and Batson's Good
Samaritan study have in common? - Answer -Both highlight the power of the situation
in determining behavior.
The term construal refers to - Answer -a personal interpretation about situations and
other people's behaviors.
The mind processes information in two different ways in a social situation. Automatic
processing is often based on __________________, whereas controlled processing is
often based on __________________. - Answer -emotional factors; careful thought
A stereotype is best characterized as a type of - Answer -schema
What do neuroscience techniques (such as functional magnetic resonance imaging)
allow social psychologists to do? - Answer -correlate social behavior with regions of
brain activity
Social psychologists sometimes use evolutionary theory to explain: - Answer -
universals in human behavior
The halo effect is the tendency to believe that physically attractive people have a host of
other positive qualities, such as a high level of intelligence or a good personality. When
asked to guess what the halo effect is before learning about it, many mistakenly assume
that the reverse is true (that attractive people are seen as less smart or less kind). Once
, they learn about the effect, however, many say that it is no surprise and that they knew
it all along. This reflects - Answer -the hindsight bias.
Experiments are different from other research methods in that they include which of the
following? - Answer -random assignment
The independent variable in an experiment is - Answer -manipulated and is the
hypothesized cause of a particular effect.
In an experiment, the control condition - Answer -is compared with the experimental
condition.
When random sampling is used, it means that - Answer -every member of a population
has an equal chance of being selected.
What is one of the most important differences between correlational and experimental
research designs? - Answer -Experiments use random assignment.
Which of the following correlations indicates the weakest relationship between two
variables? - Answer -0.1
An experiment by Darley and Batson (1973) looked at seminary students' willingness to
help. In one condition, participants were made to hurry from one building to another by
being told they were late to give a speech, which was described as part of the study
requirements. In the other condition, participants were only told to go over to another
building in order to give the speech. Both groups encountered a person lying on the
ground on their way to the other building. The experimenter observed the participants
from both groups and counted the number of people who stopped to check on the
person lying on the ground. It was found that the participants who were in a hurry
stopped much less frequently than the participants who were not in a hurry.
In this experiment, what was the independent variable? - Answer -being made to hurry
from one building to another or not
A study shows that people who watch the local evening news believe the world is more
dangerous than people who do not watch the evening news. On the basis of this study,
a newspaper reporter concludes that watching the evening news causes people to
believe the world is more dangerous than it actually is. This is a flawed conclusion
because - Answer -it confuses a correlational relationship with a causal relationship.
It is very common for magazines to conduct surveys in which readers voluntarily fill out
survey cards and mail the cards to the publisher. The main problem with conducting a
survey in this manner is that - Answer -people who respond to the survey are likely to
be different from those who do not respond.
Although Emil generally thinks of himself as both a good student and a good son, while
visiting with his mother over the holidays he is thinking more about being a good son.
Which of the following statements about social psychology is the most accurate? -
Answer -Social psychologists examine the influence of situations on behaviors.
What is the "field of forces" that Kurt Lewin emphasized in understanding human
behavior? - Answer -Social Situations
According to social psychologists, which of the following conditions is most likely to
make someone do what an authority figure tells them to do, even if it involves hurting
someone? - Answer -when people can hold the authority figure responsible for his or
her actions
The Good Samaritan study conducted by Darley and Batson (1973) examined helping
behavior in seminary students at Princeton University. These students were either
rushed or not rushed to get to an appointment. The results of this study showed that: -
Answer -the nature of participants' religious orientations did not predict helping
behavior; only whether or not they were rushed predicted whether they helped a person
in need.
What do the results of the Milgram experiment and Darley and Batson's Good
Samaritan study have in common? - Answer -Both highlight the power of the situation
in determining behavior.
The term construal refers to - Answer -a personal interpretation about situations and
other people's behaviors.
The mind processes information in two different ways in a social situation. Automatic
processing is often based on __________________, whereas controlled processing is
often based on __________________. - Answer -emotional factors; careful thought
A stereotype is best characterized as a type of - Answer -schema
What do neuroscience techniques (such as functional magnetic resonance imaging)
allow social psychologists to do? - Answer -correlate social behavior with regions of
brain activity
Social psychologists sometimes use evolutionary theory to explain: - Answer -
universals in human behavior
The halo effect is the tendency to believe that physically attractive people have a host of
other positive qualities, such as a high level of intelligence or a good personality. When
asked to guess what the halo effect is before learning about it, many mistakenly assume
that the reverse is true (that attractive people are seen as less smart or less kind). Once
, they learn about the effect, however, many say that it is no surprise and that they knew
it all along. This reflects - Answer -the hindsight bias.
Experiments are different from other research methods in that they include which of the
following? - Answer -random assignment
The independent variable in an experiment is - Answer -manipulated and is the
hypothesized cause of a particular effect.
In an experiment, the control condition - Answer -is compared with the experimental
condition.
When random sampling is used, it means that - Answer -every member of a population
has an equal chance of being selected.
What is one of the most important differences between correlational and experimental
research designs? - Answer -Experiments use random assignment.
Which of the following correlations indicates the weakest relationship between two
variables? - Answer -0.1
An experiment by Darley and Batson (1973) looked at seminary students' willingness to
help. In one condition, participants were made to hurry from one building to another by
being told they were late to give a speech, which was described as part of the study
requirements. In the other condition, participants were only told to go over to another
building in order to give the speech. Both groups encountered a person lying on the
ground on their way to the other building. The experimenter observed the participants
from both groups and counted the number of people who stopped to check on the
person lying on the ground. It was found that the participants who were in a hurry
stopped much less frequently than the participants who were not in a hurry.
In this experiment, what was the independent variable? - Answer -being made to hurry
from one building to another or not
A study shows that people who watch the local evening news believe the world is more
dangerous than people who do not watch the evening news. On the basis of this study,
a newspaper reporter concludes that watching the evening news causes people to
believe the world is more dangerous than it actually is. This is a flawed conclusion
because - Answer -it confuses a correlational relationship with a causal relationship.
It is very common for magazines to conduct surveys in which readers voluntarily fill out
survey cards and mail the cards to the publisher. The main problem with conducting a
survey in this manner is that - Answer -people who respond to the survey are likely to
be different from those who do not respond.
Although Emil generally thinks of himself as both a good student and a good son, while
visiting with his mother over the holidays he is thinking more about being a good son.
