NURS 711 Quiz 2 Questions and Answers Graded A+
initial immune response - Answers 1- Macrophages recognized the pathogen and activate the
innate immune system
2- Dendritic cells pick up antigens from the pathogen-> move down blood and lymph system to
B&T cells
3- Activates complement system
Inflammation - Answers -2nd line of defense
-highly efficient local and systemic response to:
limit extent of damage
protect against infection
initiate repair damaged tissue
Innate Immumity - Answers -Natural epithelial barriers and inflammation
-Confers innate resistance and protection
Acquired or Adaptive Immunity - Answers -3rd line of defense
-adaptive process set off by inflammation in response to infection
-results in long term, effective immunity to the infecting organism
-has memory to target and right off a 2nd infection
Inflammatory Response - Answers -2nd line of defense; activated if natural barriers are
breached
Natural barriers - Answers -physical/mechanical
- biochemical
-1st line of defense
(used to protect the body from further injury, prevent infection and promote healing)
physical/mechanical barriers - Answers tightly wound epithelial cells of the skin & membrane
linings: GI, GU and respiratory tracts
Biochemical barriers - Answers Epithelial surfaces synthesize and secrete substances: mucous,
sweat, tears, saliva, earwax
, Classis symptoms of inflammation - Answers -redness (erythema)- from vasodilation and
increased blood flow
-heat- from vasodilation and increased blood flow
-pain- from pressure exerted by exudate accumulation, prostaglandins and bradykinins
-swelling- from exudate accumulation and fluid from capillary permeability
-loss of function may also occur
Exudative Fluids - Answers Serous exudate: Watery exudate that indicates early inflammation
Fibrinous exudate: Thick, clotted exudate that indicates more advanced inflammation
Purulent exudate: Pus that indicates a bacterial infection
Hemorrhagic exudate: Exudate contains blood that indicates bleeding
benefits of inflammation - Answers 1- prevention of infection
2- control of inflammatory process through increased protein synthesis, plasma, enzymes and
cells
3- Influx of macrophages & lymphocytes as needed
4- prepare site for healing
Plasma Protein Systems - Answers Complement system
Clotting system (coagulation)
Kinin system
Complement system - Answers A group of plasma proteins that can destroy pathogens directly
or can activate or collaborate with innate and adaptive immune responses
3 complement pathways - Answers 1. Classical
2. Lectin
3. Alternative
classical pathway of complement activation - Answers -activated by proteins of the adaptive
immune system- antibody bound to antigens-> C1 forms antigen-antibody complex
-can also be activated by biologic molecules: heparin, DNA, RNA or C-Reactive Protein (CRP)
lectin pathway of complement system - Answers activated by mannose- containing bacterial
initial immune response - Answers 1- Macrophages recognized the pathogen and activate the
innate immune system
2- Dendritic cells pick up antigens from the pathogen-> move down blood and lymph system to
B&T cells
3- Activates complement system
Inflammation - Answers -2nd line of defense
-highly efficient local and systemic response to:
limit extent of damage
protect against infection
initiate repair damaged tissue
Innate Immumity - Answers -Natural epithelial barriers and inflammation
-Confers innate resistance and protection
Acquired or Adaptive Immunity - Answers -3rd line of defense
-adaptive process set off by inflammation in response to infection
-results in long term, effective immunity to the infecting organism
-has memory to target and right off a 2nd infection
Inflammatory Response - Answers -2nd line of defense; activated if natural barriers are
breached
Natural barriers - Answers -physical/mechanical
- biochemical
-1st line of defense
(used to protect the body from further injury, prevent infection and promote healing)
physical/mechanical barriers - Answers tightly wound epithelial cells of the skin & membrane
linings: GI, GU and respiratory tracts
Biochemical barriers - Answers Epithelial surfaces synthesize and secrete substances: mucous,
sweat, tears, saliva, earwax
, Classis symptoms of inflammation - Answers -redness (erythema)- from vasodilation and
increased blood flow
-heat- from vasodilation and increased blood flow
-pain- from pressure exerted by exudate accumulation, prostaglandins and bradykinins
-swelling- from exudate accumulation and fluid from capillary permeability
-loss of function may also occur
Exudative Fluids - Answers Serous exudate: Watery exudate that indicates early inflammation
Fibrinous exudate: Thick, clotted exudate that indicates more advanced inflammation
Purulent exudate: Pus that indicates a bacterial infection
Hemorrhagic exudate: Exudate contains blood that indicates bleeding
benefits of inflammation - Answers 1- prevention of infection
2- control of inflammatory process through increased protein synthesis, plasma, enzymes and
cells
3- Influx of macrophages & lymphocytes as needed
4- prepare site for healing
Plasma Protein Systems - Answers Complement system
Clotting system (coagulation)
Kinin system
Complement system - Answers A group of plasma proteins that can destroy pathogens directly
or can activate or collaborate with innate and adaptive immune responses
3 complement pathways - Answers 1. Classical
2. Lectin
3. Alternative
classical pathway of complement activation - Answers -activated by proteins of the adaptive
immune system- antibody bound to antigens-> C1 forms antigen-antibody complex
-can also be activated by biologic molecules: heparin, DNA, RNA or C-Reactive Protein (CRP)
lectin pathway of complement system - Answers activated by mannose- containing bacterial
