PSY2012 - Quiz 1 With Complete Questions And
Answers 100% Pass
Psychology - ANSWER the scientific study of the mind, brain, and behavior.
Naive realism - ANSWER error of believing that we see the world precisely as it is.
Can lead us to frequently embrace false beliefs about ourselves and our world, such as
believing that our perceptions and memories are always accurate.
confirmation bias - ANSWER the tendency to seek out evidence that supports our beliefs and
deny, dismiss, or distort evidence that contradicts them.
belief perseverance - ANSWER the tendency to stick to our initial beliefs even when evidence
contradicts them.
metaphysical claim - ANSWER assertion about the world that's not testable.
Pseudoscience - ANSWER set of claims that seems scientific but isn't.
scientific skepticism - ANSWER approach to evaluating all claims with an open mind but
insisting on persuasive evidence before accepting them.
, Unwillingness to accept claims on the basis of authority alone.
Rival Hypotheses - ANSWER Whenever we evaluate a psychological claim, we should ask
ourselves whether we've excluded other plausible explanations for it.
Causation vs. Correlation - ANSWER Error of assuming that because one thing is associated
with another, it must cause the other.
Ex. ice cream sales and heat strokes
Falsafiability - ANSWER For a claim to be meaningful, it must be capable of being disproved.
Replicability - ANSWER When a study's findings are able to be duplicated, ideally by
independent investigators.
extraordinary claims - ANSWER Whenever we evaluate a psychological claim, we should ask
ourselves whether this claim runs counter to many things we know already and, if it does,
whether the evidence is as extraordinary as the claim.
Occam's Razor (Parsimony) - ANSWER When evaluating a claim, check if the explanation
offered is the simplest explanation that accounts for the data or whether simpler explanations
can account for the data equally well.
Answers 100% Pass
Psychology - ANSWER the scientific study of the mind, brain, and behavior.
Naive realism - ANSWER error of believing that we see the world precisely as it is.
Can lead us to frequently embrace false beliefs about ourselves and our world, such as
believing that our perceptions and memories are always accurate.
confirmation bias - ANSWER the tendency to seek out evidence that supports our beliefs and
deny, dismiss, or distort evidence that contradicts them.
belief perseverance - ANSWER the tendency to stick to our initial beliefs even when evidence
contradicts them.
metaphysical claim - ANSWER assertion about the world that's not testable.
Pseudoscience - ANSWER set of claims that seems scientific but isn't.
scientific skepticism - ANSWER approach to evaluating all claims with an open mind but
insisting on persuasive evidence before accepting them.
, Unwillingness to accept claims on the basis of authority alone.
Rival Hypotheses - ANSWER Whenever we evaluate a psychological claim, we should ask
ourselves whether we've excluded other plausible explanations for it.
Causation vs. Correlation - ANSWER Error of assuming that because one thing is associated
with another, it must cause the other.
Ex. ice cream sales and heat strokes
Falsafiability - ANSWER For a claim to be meaningful, it must be capable of being disproved.
Replicability - ANSWER When a study's findings are able to be duplicated, ideally by
independent investigators.
extraordinary claims - ANSWER Whenever we evaluate a psychological claim, we should ask
ourselves whether this claim runs counter to many things we know already and, if it does,
whether the evidence is as extraordinary as the claim.
Occam's Razor (Parsimony) - ANSWER When evaluating a claim, check if the explanation
offered is the simplest explanation that accounts for the data or whether simpler explanations
can account for the data equally well.
