Final exam (biod 121) Essential
Microbiology w_Lab
2025/2026
Verified Questions and Answers
A+ Grades Guarantee
, Hunger: Internal drive that prompts negative sensations for us to
find food and eat
What is the difference between Appetite: External drive that is a positive sensation; a desire to
hunger and appetite? consume specific foods.
Habits, Comfort foods, Advertising, Social Factors, Nutritional
List two examples of Cognitive Value
external forces that can influence
eating habits and comment on
your personal experience with
each of them.
1. Hunger
1. ______________is the internal 2. negative
drive to find and eat food. Often
experienced as a 2.
______________ sensation.
b. Macronutrients and Organic
Vitamins are considered both:
a. Macronutrients and Inorganic
b. Macronutrients and Organic
c. Micronutrients and Organic
d. Micronutrients and Inorganic
Define macronutrients nutrients needed in large amounts in the body
14 x 4 = 56
2x4=8
If a fudge brownie has 14 grams 9 x 9 = 81
of carbohydrates, 2 gram of
protein and 9 grams of fat. How 56 + 8 + 81 = 145 calories
many calories are in the brownie?
325 grams
The current recommendation to (2000 x .65 = 1300)
maintain your body weight is 1300 calories / 4 = 325 grams of carbs
2000 calories daily. You should
not consume any more than 65%
of your calories from
carbohydrates. How many grams
of carbohydrates should you eat
in a day?
1. desirable
1. The state of
2. A. over B. under
________________ nutrition can
be achieved by eating a variety of
foods which provide all the
essential nutrients.
2. Malnutrition can either be a
nutritional state of
_________________ or
______________ nutrition.
, Anthropometrics- measurements of body composition such as
An individual's health can be height and weight
assessed using the ABCDEs of
nutritional assessment. Give a
brief description of what A stands
for.
fruits, vegetables, whole grains, low fat dairy
According to MyPlate, what types
of food should we increase in our
diet?
250 calories per serving x 2 servings per container = 500 calories
Based on the nutritional label
shown below, how many calories
would you consume if you ate the
entire container of macaroni and
cheese?
A. mouth
B. small intestine
Specific parts of the GI tract
C. gallbladder
include the ______(A)_______,
esophagus, stomach,
______(B)_______ , large
intestine and rectum. Other
organs such as the liver,
______(C)__________ and
pancreas aid in digestion but are
not considered part of the GI
tract.
Heartburn is a burning sensation in the esophagus due to an
Explain the cause and symptoms improper closing of a sphincter that allows stomach acids to enter
of heartburn. into the esophagus.
The esophageal sphincter prevents the contents of the stomach
from reentering the esophagus.
Sphincters play an important role The pyloric sphincter controls the release of chyme into the small
in the GI tract. Name two intestines from the stomach.
sphincters discussed in the
module and using your own The ileocecal sphincter prevents the contents of the large intestine
words, briefly describe their from entering the small intestine.
functions
Enzymes role is to breakdown food particles into smaller parts and
Define the role of enzymes in readies the nutrients for absorption. Enzymes are an example of
digestion. chemical digestion.
Are enzymes an example of the
chemical or mechanical process
of digestion?
, 1. ____ disaccharides
2. ____ monosaccharides
3. ____ functional fiber
4. ____ soluble fiber
5. ____ insoluble fiber
Carbohydrates can be classified
as monosaccharides,
disaccharides, polysaccharides
and fiber. Match the following
with the descriptions.
a. Monosaccharides
b. Disaccharides
c. Insoluble Fiber
d. Soluble Fiber
e. Functional Fiber
1. ____ Examples include
sucrose and maltose
2. ____ Examples include
fructose and galactose
3. ____ Added to food for
intestinal health
4. ____ Dissolves in the GI tract
5. ____ Also called non-
fermentable fiber
1. monosaccharides
2. functional fiber
3. insoluble fiber
4. disaccharides
5. soluble fiber
Carbohydrates can be classified
as monosaccharides,
disaccharides, polysaccharides
and fiber. Match the following
with the descriptions.
a. Monosaccharides
b. Disaccharides
c. Insoluble Fiber
d. Soluble Fiber
e. Functional Fiber
1. An example is galactose
2. Promotes intestinal health and
is added to foods
3. Not broken down by bacteria in
the GI tract
4. Maltose and sucrose are
examples
5. Dissolves and provide satiety
Microbiology w_Lab
2025/2026
Verified Questions and Answers
A+ Grades Guarantee
, Hunger: Internal drive that prompts negative sensations for us to
find food and eat
What is the difference between Appetite: External drive that is a positive sensation; a desire to
hunger and appetite? consume specific foods.
Habits, Comfort foods, Advertising, Social Factors, Nutritional
List two examples of Cognitive Value
external forces that can influence
eating habits and comment on
your personal experience with
each of them.
1. Hunger
1. ______________is the internal 2. negative
drive to find and eat food. Often
experienced as a 2.
______________ sensation.
b. Macronutrients and Organic
Vitamins are considered both:
a. Macronutrients and Inorganic
b. Macronutrients and Organic
c. Micronutrients and Organic
d. Micronutrients and Inorganic
Define macronutrients nutrients needed in large amounts in the body
14 x 4 = 56
2x4=8
If a fudge brownie has 14 grams 9 x 9 = 81
of carbohydrates, 2 gram of
protein and 9 grams of fat. How 56 + 8 + 81 = 145 calories
many calories are in the brownie?
325 grams
The current recommendation to (2000 x .65 = 1300)
maintain your body weight is 1300 calories / 4 = 325 grams of carbs
2000 calories daily. You should
not consume any more than 65%
of your calories from
carbohydrates. How many grams
of carbohydrates should you eat
in a day?
1. desirable
1. The state of
2. A. over B. under
________________ nutrition can
be achieved by eating a variety of
foods which provide all the
essential nutrients.
2. Malnutrition can either be a
nutritional state of
_________________ or
______________ nutrition.
, Anthropometrics- measurements of body composition such as
An individual's health can be height and weight
assessed using the ABCDEs of
nutritional assessment. Give a
brief description of what A stands
for.
fruits, vegetables, whole grains, low fat dairy
According to MyPlate, what types
of food should we increase in our
diet?
250 calories per serving x 2 servings per container = 500 calories
Based on the nutritional label
shown below, how many calories
would you consume if you ate the
entire container of macaroni and
cheese?
A. mouth
B. small intestine
Specific parts of the GI tract
C. gallbladder
include the ______(A)_______,
esophagus, stomach,
______(B)_______ , large
intestine and rectum. Other
organs such as the liver,
______(C)__________ and
pancreas aid in digestion but are
not considered part of the GI
tract.
Heartburn is a burning sensation in the esophagus due to an
Explain the cause and symptoms improper closing of a sphincter that allows stomach acids to enter
of heartburn. into the esophagus.
The esophageal sphincter prevents the contents of the stomach
from reentering the esophagus.
Sphincters play an important role The pyloric sphincter controls the release of chyme into the small
in the GI tract. Name two intestines from the stomach.
sphincters discussed in the
module and using your own The ileocecal sphincter prevents the contents of the large intestine
words, briefly describe their from entering the small intestine.
functions
Enzymes role is to breakdown food particles into smaller parts and
Define the role of enzymes in readies the nutrients for absorption. Enzymes are an example of
digestion. chemical digestion.
Are enzymes an example of the
chemical or mechanical process
of digestion?
, 1. ____ disaccharides
2. ____ monosaccharides
3. ____ functional fiber
4. ____ soluble fiber
5. ____ insoluble fiber
Carbohydrates can be classified
as monosaccharides,
disaccharides, polysaccharides
and fiber. Match the following
with the descriptions.
a. Monosaccharides
b. Disaccharides
c. Insoluble Fiber
d. Soluble Fiber
e. Functional Fiber
1. ____ Examples include
sucrose and maltose
2. ____ Examples include
fructose and galactose
3. ____ Added to food for
intestinal health
4. ____ Dissolves in the GI tract
5. ____ Also called non-
fermentable fiber
1. monosaccharides
2. functional fiber
3. insoluble fiber
4. disaccharides
5. soluble fiber
Carbohydrates can be classified
as monosaccharides,
disaccharides, polysaccharides
and fiber. Match the following
with the descriptions.
a. Monosaccharides
b. Disaccharides
c. Insoluble Fiber
d. Soluble Fiber
e. Functional Fiber
1. An example is galactose
2. Promotes intestinal health and
is added to foods
3. Not broken down by bacteria in
the GI tract
4. Maltose and sucrose are
examples
5. Dissolves and provide satiety
