SPORTS MEDICINE HOSA STUDY EXAM GUIDE UPDATED
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔Stroke - ✔✔Damage to the brain from interruption of its blood supply.
✔✔thrombus - ✔✔A blood clot formed within a blood vessel and remaining attached to
its place of origin.
✔✔embolism - ✔✔Blockage of a vessel by a clot or foreign material brought to the site
by the blood current.
✔✔Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA) - ✔✔Minor stroke; where neurological function is
regained quickly with time
✔✔infectious disease - ✔✔invasion or infection of a host by microorganisms called
pathogens
✔✔Pathogen - ✔✔An organism that causes disease
✔✔Blood borne pathogens - ✔✔Disease-causing organisms transferred through
contact with blood or other body fluids.
-Hepatitis B (HBV)
-Hepatitis C (HCV)
-Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
✔✔Hepatitis - ✔✔Inflammation of the liver, usually caused by a viral infection, that
causes fever, loss of appetite, jaundice, fatigue, and altered liver function.
✔✔OSHA - ✔✔Occupational Safety and Health Administration
✔✔acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) - ✔✔group of clinical signs and
symptoms associated with suppression of the immune system and marked by
opportunistic infections, secondary neoplasms, and neurologic problems
✔✔syndrome - ✔✔collection of signs and symptoms occurring together and
characterizing a medical condition
✔✔Abrasion - ✔✔Scrape of the skin due to something abrasive
✔✔Laceration wound - ✔✔Jagged, irregular break or tear of tissue, usually caused by
blunt trauma.
✔✔Incision wound - ✔✔neat, clean cut from a sharp object (glass, knife, metal)
,✔✔puncture wound - ✔✔a soft tissue injury caused by the penetration of a sharp object
✔✔Avulsion wound - ✔✔Tearing of tissue from the body
✔✔Signs of infection - ✔✔pain, heat, redness, swelling, disordered function, pus, fever
✔✔Tetanus - ✔✔Bacterial infection that causes fever and convulsions
✔✔reactive phases of injury - ✔✔1. Reaction to injury
2. Reaction to rehab
3. Reaction to return to competition or career termination
✔✔integrated model - ✔✔most widely accepted psychosocial theoretical model, that
looks at the injured athletes' personal and situational factors and how these influence
their cognitive appraisal of an injury situation. It focuses on their interpretation of the
injury rather than on the actual severity of the injury.
✔✔biopsychosocial model - ✔✔Proposes that an individual's response to injury or
illness involves a combination of biological (physical), psychological, and social
(environmental) factors.
✔✔Kubler-Ross Model (5 stages of grief) - ✔✔1. Denial
2. Anger
3. Bargaining
4. Depression
5. Acceptance
✔✔Burnout - ✔✔Syndrome related to physical and emotional exhaustion that leads to a
negative self-concept, negative sports attitudes, and loss of concern for the feeling of
others.
✔✔Nine factors to incorporate into goal setting for the athlete - ✔✔- set specific and
measurable goals
- use positive versus negative language
- goals should be challenging but realistic
- set a reasonable timetable
- integrate short-, medium-, and long-term goals
- link outcome to process
- internalize goals
- monitor and evaluate goals
- link sports goals to life goals
✔✔Things athletic trainers can do to provide social support for an injured athlete: - ✔✔-
Be a good listener
- Be aware of body language
, - Project a caring image
- Find out exactly what the problem is
- Explain the injury to the athlete
- Manage the stress of injury
- Keep the athlete involved with the team
- Help the athlete return to play
✔✔progressive relaxation - ✔✔lying down comfortably and tensing and releasing the
tension in each major muscle group in turn
✔✔meditation - ✔✔the focusing of attention to clear one's mind and produce relaxation
✔✔Imagery - ✔✔the use of the senses to create or re-create an experience in the mind.
Athletes visually rehearse problems they feel may stand in the way of their return to
competition.
✔✔mental disorder - ✔✔a syndrome characterized by clinically significant disturbance
in an individual's cognition, emotion regulation, or behavior that reflects a dysfunction in
the psychological, biological, or developmental processes underlying mental functioning
✔✔Depression - ✔✔A prolonged feeling of helplessness, hopelessness, and sadness
✔✔seasonal affective disorder (SAD) - ✔✔recurrent depressive episodes in a seasonal
pattern
✔✔anxiety - ✔✔The condition of feeling uneasy or worried about what may happen
✔✔panic attack - ✔✔unexpected and unprovoked emotionally intense experience of
terror and fear.
✔✔Phobia - ✔✔persistent and irrational fear of a specific situation, activity, or object
that creates an intense desire to avoid the feared stimulus
✔✔Personality disorder - ✔✔pathological disturbance in cognition, affect, interpersonal
functioning, or impulse control.
✔✔paranoia - ✔✔an irrational suspiciousness or distrust of others
✔✔obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) - ✔✔an anxiety disorder characterized by
unwanted repetitive thoughts (obsessions) and/or actions (compulsions)
✔✔posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) - ✔✔a disorder characterized by haunting
memories, nightmares, social withdrawal, jumpy anxiety, numbness of feeling, and/or
insomnia that lingers for four weeks or more (may persist for decades) after a traumatic
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔Stroke - ✔✔Damage to the brain from interruption of its blood supply.
✔✔thrombus - ✔✔A blood clot formed within a blood vessel and remaining attached to
its place of origin.
✔✔embolism - ✔✔Blockage of a vessel by a clot or foreign material brought to the site
by the blood current.
✔✔Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA) - ✔✔Minor stroke; where neurological function is
regained quickly with time
✔✔infectious disease - ✔✔invasion or infection of a host by microorganisms called
pathogens
✔✔Pathogen - ✔✔An organism that causes disease
✔✔Blood borne pathogens - ✔✔Disease-causing organisms transferred through
contact with blood or other body fluids.
-Hepatitis B (HBV)
-Hepatitis C (HCV)
-Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
✔✔Hepatitis - ✔✔Inflammation of the liver, usually caused by a viral infection, that
causes fever, loss of appetite, jaundice, fatigue, and altered liver function.
✔✔OSHA - ✔✔Occupational Safety and Health Administration
✔✔acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) - ✔✔group of clinical signs and
symptoms associated with suppression of the immune system and marked by
opportunistic infections, secondary neoplasms, and neurologic problems
✔✔syndrome - ✔✔collection of signs and symptoms occurring together and
characterizing a medical condition
✔✔Abrasion - ✔✔Scrape of the skin due to something abrasive
✔✔Laceration wound - ✔✔Jagged, irregular break or tear of tissue, usually caused by
blunt trauma.
✔✔Incision wound - ✔✔neat, clean cut from a sharp object (glass, knife, metal)
,✔✔puncture wound - ✔✔a soft tissue injury caused by the penetration of a sharp object
✔✔Avulsion wound - ✔✔Tearing of tissue from the body
✔✔Signs of infection - ✔✔pain, heat, redness, swelling, disordered function, pus, fever
✔✔Tetanus - ✔✔Bacterial infection that causes fever and convulsions
✔✔reactive phases of injury - ✔✔1. Reaction to injury
2. Reaction to rehab
3. Reaction to return to competition or career termination
✔✔integrated model - ✔✔most widely accepted psychosocial theoretical model, that
looks at the injured athletes' personal and situational factors and how these influence
their cognitive appraisal of an injury situation. It focuses on their interpretation of the
injury rather than on the actual severity of the injury.
✔✔biopsychosocial model - ✔✔Proposes that an individual's response to injury or
illness involves a combination of biological (physical), psychological, and social
(environmental) factors.
✔✔Kubler-Ross Model (5 stages of grief) - ✔✔1. Denial
2. Anger
3. Bargaining
4. Depression
5. Acceptance
✔✔Burnout - ✔✔Syndrome related to physical and emotional exhaustion that leads to a
negative self-concept, negative sports attitudes, and loss of concern for the feeling of
others.
✔✔Nine factors to incorporate into goal setting for the athlete - ✔✔- set specific and
measurable goals
- use positive versus negative language
- goals should be challenging but realistic
- set a reasonable timetable
- integrate short-, medium-, and long-term goals
- link outcome to process
- internalize goals
- monitor and evaluate goals
- link sports goals to life goals
✔✔Things athletic trainers can do to provide social support for an injured athlete: - ✔✔-
Be a good listener
- Be aware of body language
, - Project a caring image
- Find out exactly what the problem is
- Explain the injury to the athlete
- Manage the stress of injury
- Keep the athlete involved with the team
- Help the athlete return to play
✔✔progressive relaxation - ✔✔lying down comfortably and tensing and releasing the
tension in each major muscle group in turn
✔✔meditation - ✔✔the focusing of attention to clear one's mind and produce relaxation
✔✔Imagery - ✔✔the use of the senses to create or re-create an experience in the mind.
Athletes visually rehearse problems they feel may stand in the way of their return to
competition.
✔✔mental disorder - ✔✔a syndrome characterized by clinically significant disturbance
in an individual's cognition, emotion regulation, or behavior that reflects a dysfunction in
the psychological, biological, or developmental processes underlying mental functioning
✔✔Depression - ✔✔A prolonged feeling of helplessness, hopelessness, and sadness
✔✔seasonal affective disorder (SAD) - ✔✔recurrent depressive episodes in a seasonal
pattern
✔✔anxiety - ✔✔The condition of feeling uneasy or worried about what may happen
✔✔panic attack - ✔✔unexpected and unprovoked emotionally intense experience of
terror and fear.
✔✔Phobia - ✔✔persistent and irrational fear of a specific situation, activity, or object
that creates an intense desire to avoid the feared stimulus
✔✔Personality disorder - ✔✔pathological disturbance in cognition, affect, interpersonal
functioning, or impulse control.
✔✔paranoia - ✔✔an irrational suspiciousness or distrust of others
✔✔obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) - ✔✔an anxiety disorder characterized by
unwanted repetitive thoughts (obsessions) and/or actions (compulsions)
✔✔posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) - ✔✔a disorder characterized by haunting
memories, nightmares, social withdrawal, jumpy anxiety, numbness of feeling, and/or
insomnia that lingers for four weeks or more (may persist for decades) after a traumatic
