NURS 535 Practice –Gastrointestinal
Liver Disorders-Exam with Verified
Answers
caused by stretching, inflammation, or ischemia and originates into the peritoneum (parietal
pain) or in the organs themselves (visceral pain) →back - ✔✔abdominal pain
can be upper or lower; hematemesis, melena (dark tarry stools), hematochezia (frank bleed
from rectum), occult bleeding (hidden bleeding in stool or vomitus) - ✔✔GI bleeding
form of functional dysphagia caused by loss of esophageal innervation or relaxation of the LES -
✔✔achalasia
characterized by back flow/return of stomach contents to the esophagus→esophagitis; r/t
decreased resting tone of the LES, ↓clearance of refluxed materials from esophagus and
↓esophageal mucosal resistance
clinical manifestations: heartburn and dysphagia (most common), globus sensation, chronic
cough, chest pain - ✔✔GERD
Barrett esophagus - ✔✔a result of repetitive damage to the inside of the esophagus; a
complication of GERD along with malignancy
Gastritis - ✔✔inflammatory d/o of the gastric mucosa (stomach lining); can be acute or chronic
and can effect the fundus, antrum or both
immune type A form of gastritis assoc w/auto-antibodies to parietal cells and intrinsic
factor→gastric atrophy & pernicious anemia - ✔✔chronic fundal gastritis
, non-immune type B form of gastritis that caused by H. pylori, NSAIDs, and chronic use of
alcohol - ✔✔chronic antral gastritis
clinical manifestations are anorexia, fullness, N/V, epigastric pain and gastric bleeding;
symptoms does not always correlate with severity of disease - ✔✔chronic gastritis
group of chronic disorders characterized by break or ulcer in the mucosal lining of the
esophagus, stomach or duodenum r/t h. pylori, NSAIDS, fam hx, ETOH, smoking, diet, acute
pancreas, COPD, obesity, cirrhosis
clinical manifestations: epigastric tenderness, sharp, burning, gnawing, aching pain, dyspepsia,
N/V and belching; complications: hemorrhage, perforation and pyloric narrowing and
obstruction - ✔✔peptic ulcer disease
more prevalent in indiv over 60 yrs of age, caused by h. pylori and NSAIDS, decreased gastric
acid, left of midline-epigastrium tenderness, delayed gastric emptying and increased risk of
cancer
clinical manifestations: pain occurs when stomach is full and is worsened by food; no night pain
- ✔✔gastric ulcer (antral portion of stomach) diagnosed by endoscopy and tests for h. pylori-pt
older than 50 with new onset symptoms of ulcer should have endoscopic exam to r/o
malignancy
more prevalent in indiv 20-50 yrs of age, caused by h. pylori and NSAIDs, increased gastric acid
mid to right epigastrium tenderness, rapid gastric emptying, no increased risk for cancer
S/S pain occurs when stomach is empty (30 min-2 hrs after meal), pain relieved with food
intake of antacids, pain will occur at night and disappear by morning - ✔✔duodenal ulcer (most
common)
may be classified as ischemic or cushing ulcers; an acute form of peptic ulcer that tends to
accompany severe illness such as multisystem organ failure or major trauma including severe
burns and head injury - ✔✔stress ulcer
Liver Disorders-Exam with Verified
Answers
caused by stretching, inflammation, or ischemia and originates into the peritoneum (parietal
pain) or in the organs themselves (visceral pain) →back - ✔✔abdominal pain
can be upper or lower; hematemesis, melena (dark tarry stools), hematochezia (frank bleed
from rectum), occult bleeding (hidden bleeding in stool or vomitus) - ✔✔GI bleeding
form of functional dysphagia caused by loss of esophageal innervation or relaxation of the LES -
✔✔achalasia
characterized by back flow/return of stomach contents to the esophagus→esophagitis; r/t
decreased resting tone of the LES, ↓clearance of refluxed materials from esophagus and
↓esophageal mucosal resistance
clinical manifestations: heartburn and dysphagia (most common), globus sensation, chronic
cough, chest pain - ✔✔GERD
Barrett esophagus - ✔✔a result of repetitive damage to the inside of the esophagus; a
complication of GERD along with malignancy
Gastritis - ✔✔inflammatory d/o of the gastric mucosa (stomach lining); can be acute or chronic
and can effect the fundus, antrum or both
immune type A form of gastritis assoc w/auto-antibodies to parietal cells and intrinsic
factor→gastric atrophy & pernicious anemia - ✔✔chronic fundal gastritis
, non-immune type B form of gastritis that caused by H. pylori, NSAIDs, and chronic use of
alcohol - ✔✔chronic antral gastritis
clinical manifestations are anorexia, fullness, N/V, epigastric pain and gastric bleeding;
symptoms does not always correlate with severity of disease - ✔✔chronic gastritis
group of chronic disorders characterized by break or ulcer in the mucosal lining of the
esophagus, stomach or duodenum r/t h. pylori, NSAIDS, fam hx, ETOH, smoking, diet, acute
pancreas, COPD, obesity, cirrhosis
clinical manifestations: epigastric tenderness, sharp, burning, gnawing, aching pain, dyspepsia,
N/V and belching; complications: hemorrhage, perforation and pyloric narrowing and
obstruction - ✔✔peptic ulcer disease
more prevalent in indiv over 60 yrs of age, caused by h. pylori and NSAIDS, decreased gastric
acid, left of midline-epigastrium tenderness, delayed gastric emptying and increased risk of
cancer
clinical manifestations: pain occurs when stomach is full and is worsened by food; no night pain
- ✔✔gastric ulcer (antral portion of stomach) diagnosed by endoscopy and tests for h. pylori-pt
older than 50 with new onset symptoms of ulcer should have endoscopic exam to r/o
malignancy
more prevalent in indiv 20-50 yrs of age, caused by h. pylori and NSAIDs, increased gastric acid
mid to right epigastrium tenderness, rapid gastric emptying, no increased risk for cancer
S/S pain occurs when stomach is empty (30 min-2 hrs after meal), pain relieved with food
intake of antacids, pain will occur at night and disappear by morning - ✔✔duodenal ulcer (most
common)
may be classified as ischemic or cushing ulcers; an acute form of peptic ulcer that tends to
accompany severe illness such as multisystem organ failure or major trauma including severe
burns and head injury - ✔✔stress ulcer
