NURS 330 Exam – Questions With Detailed Solutions

NURS 330 Exam – Questions With Detailed
Solutions

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Terms in this set (233)


code red fire

code blue cardiac arrest

code white violence

code yellow missing patient

code green evacuation

code orange mass casualty / disaster

code black bomb threat, suspicious object

STABLE: symptoms managed well by health routines
and meds, able to engage in daily life
UNSTABLE: symptoms become harder to control (stress,
stable, unstable, acute, and infection, disease progression, treatment)
recovery phases of chronic ACUTE: sudden, severe worsening crisis requiring
illness hospitalization
RECOVERY: improvement after acute episode, goal to
regain function and return to stable, may be new
limitations/adjustments

- chronic often 3+ months, acute days to 1-2 weeks
key differences of chronic - gradual onset
illness from acute - diet, posture, habits (vs. acute is from injury or trauma)
- continued symptoms beyond expected recovery

- person-centred care (bioindividuality)
- self-management
- polypharmacy/med safety
nursing goals for chronic
- prevent complications
illness management,
- monitor for changes
general
- psychosocial/emotional support
- family/caregiver involvement
- interprofessional collaboration

, assessment
diagnosis
know ADPIE and identifying
planning
examples
implementation
evaluation

assuming poor health and disability is normal in older
adults, minimizing these symptoms/concerns, not
providing enough/urgent care
ageism diseases can be common in older adults ( just like other
populations are at higher risk for certain things) but are
NOT normal
patronizing/disrespectful language

NORMAL AGING
• brain atrophy
• myelin degeneration
normal aging neurological • decreased cerebral circulation
changes and clinical CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
manifestations • decreased reaction/response time
• reduced short-term memory
• postural hypotension
• impaired balance, vertigo

NORMAL AGING
• weaker heart muscle, easier to strain
• weaker blood vessels
• decreased contractility (insensitive to inotropes)
normal aging • thickened ventricle walls
cardiovascular changes and • decreased circulation to organs
clinical manifestations • increased atherosclerotic plaque
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
• increased BP
• slower HR
• cold feet and hands

, NORMAL AGING
• weaker pulmonary capillary walls
• weaker lung tissue
• declining thoracic articular cartilage
• atrophy of respiratory muscles
normal aging respiratory
• fewer alveoli
changes and clinical
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
manifestations
• barrel chest
• decreased ability to deep breathe and cough
• lower SpO2
• thicker mucus
• increased RR

NORMAL AGING
• reduced saliva production
• trouble swallowing
• less/weaker teeth
normal aging • decreased gastric motility
gastrointestinal changes • weaker sphincters
and clinical manifestations CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
• dry oral mucosa
• more constipation
• reduced drug metabolism
• altered nutrition

NORMAL AGING
• less hormone produced
• reduced sexual functioning
• weaker bladder muscles and sphincter control,
decreased bladder capacity
normal aging genitourinary
• decreased nephron blood supply and diluting ability
changes and clinical
• increased residual urine volume
manifestations
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
• increased frequency and urgency to pee
• nocturia
• potential for dehydration
• decreased excretion of toxins and drugs

, NORMAL AGING
• muscle atrophy
normal aging • joint cartilage decay
musculoskeletal changes • bone resorption
and clinical manifestations • stiffer ligaments
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
• decreased height, flexibility, strength, agility, mobility

NORMAL AGING
• reduced oil and sweat production
• thin, less elastic skin
• increased pigmentation
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
normal aging skin changes
• dry
and clinical manifestations
• heals slowly
• easily tears and bruises
• decreased heat regulation
• less hair
• brittle nails

• older age
risk factors • genetics
• diet and exercise

dementia = chronic, progressive, irreversible decline in
cognition
• vascular dementia from strokes and concussions
dementia types • Lewy body
• frontotemporal
• Alzheimer's (abnormal protein buildup in the brain
causing problems with memory neuroinfrastructure)

Montreal Cognitive Assessment
MoCA
Attention, memory, language, executive functions

MoCa
MRI or CT = see severe atrophy indicative of
Alzheimer's, rule out damage from small strokes or fluid
buildup
Diagnostics for Alzheimer's
PET = use radioactive tracer to show parts with reduced
glucose metabolism and detect amyloid plaques
blood tests = rule out liver and blood sugar issues
contributing to dementia