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Davita RISE PCT Study Guide questions with verified detailed answers

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Davita RISE PCT Study Guide questions with verified detailed answers

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Davita RISE PCT Study Guide questions with ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||




verified detailed answers ||\\//|| ||\\//||




List the four transport mechanisms that play a role in hemodialysis - correct
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||




answer✔✔Ultrafiltration

Convection

Diffusion

Osmosis



Explain ultrafiltration in hemodialysis - correct answer✔✔Fluid is pushed through the
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||




semipermeable membrane (SPM). Think: wringing out a wet rag. ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||




Explain convection in hemodialysis - correct answer✔✔Solutes DRAG across the
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||




semipermeable membrane with fluid ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||




Explain diffusion in hemodialysis - correct answer✔✔PARTICLES move from HIGH
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||




concentration to LOW concentration ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||




Explain osmosis in hemodialysis - correct answer✔✔FLUID moves LOW concentration to
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||




HIGH concentration ||\\//||




What are the kidneys' excretory functions? - correct answer✔✔To normalize electrolytes,
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remove wastes, provide fluid and nutrient balance
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How do we replace normal excretory kidney functions? - correct answer✔✔By using acid
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||




concentrate to help normalize electrolytes and ultrafiltration to provide fluid balance
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||

,What is the function of acid concentrate - correct answer✔✔Provides the concentration
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||




gradient for diffusion and helps normalize electrolytes
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||




What is the function of bicarbonate in the dialysate solution? - correct answer✔✔It buffers
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||




the acid concentrate
||\\//|| ||\\//||




What is the function of bicarbonate when it diffuses into the patient's blood? - correct
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||




answer✔✔It normalizes body pH ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||




What are some S/Sx of hyperkalemia? - correct answer✔✔K+ > 6.5 mEq
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||




extreme muscle weakness, dysrhythmias, and possible cardiac arrest
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||




What are some S/Sx of hypokalemia? - correct answer✔✔K+ < 3.5 mEq
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||




fatigue, muscle weakness, paralysis, resp. failure, cardiac instability, arrhythmias, cardiac
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||




arrest



What is the normal blood pH range? - correct answer✔✔7.35 - 7.45
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||




What are the kidneys' endocrine functions? - correct answer✔✔Renin secretion
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||




Erythropoietin secretion ||\\//||




Vitamin d activation ||\\//|| ||\\//||




How do we replace normal endocrine kidney functions? - correct answer✔✔By providing
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||




medications



How much of normal kidney function is replaced by HD? - correct answer✔✔15%
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||

,What is uremia? - correct answer✔✔Uremia is a buildup of wastes in the blood due to
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||




kidney failure ||\\//||




What does uremia affect? - correct answer✔✔Uremia affects all body systems
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||




What are the most common causes of CKD in the US? - correct answer✔✔diabetes, HTN
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||




and polycystic kidney disease
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||




List the treatment goals for a pt. w/ CKD - correct answer✔✔-slowing the progression of
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||




CKD

-managing comorbidities and complications ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||




-controlling symptoms ||\\//||




-minimizing the effects if CKD on pt. lifestyles ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||




-kidney replacement therapy modality education ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||




-encouraging patients to actively participate in their healthcare ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||




Why is it so important to know what caused your pt.'s CKD? - correct answer✔✔So the RN
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||




and PCT can ask about possible problems during data collection and assessment
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||




List some S/Sx of fluid imbalance - correct answer✔✔HTN, edema, and SOB
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||




Why is sodium balance important? - correct answer✔✔Leads to volume expansion,
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||




increased cardiac output, ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||




increased peripheral vascular resistance ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||




and increased BP
||\\//|| ||\\//||

, List some systemic effects of CKD - correct answer✔✔-Dry, itchy skin
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||




-Peripheral neuropathy in the extremities ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||




-GI problems (N/V) ||\\//|| ||\\//||




-Psychological problems (anxiety, depression) ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||




What would you advise for a pt. with dry, itchy skin? - correct answer✔✔-use hyper-fatted
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||




soaps and lotions ||\\//|| ||\\//||




-assess for safety at home ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||




-provide emotional support ||\\//|| ||\\//||




-control diabetes and phosphorus ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||




What would you advise for a pt. with peripheral neuropathy? - correct answer✔✔-Monitor
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||




pt. for changes in motor function, decreased strength in legs, C/O restless legs, and burning
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||




feet.

-Advise not to walk barefoot ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||




-Practice good foot care ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||




What would you advise for a pt. with GI problems? - correct answer✔✔-inform RN and MD
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||




of any bleeding problems, constipation, diarrhea
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||




- inform RN and MD of ER visits
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||




-Take meds as ordered (stool softeners, immodium, etc.) ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||




What would you advise for a pt. with psychological problems? - correct answer✔✔Verbalize
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||




struggles to IDT (core team), especially the social worker
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||




A common cause of HTN in dialysis patients is: - correct answer✔✔Fluid overload
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||

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