D440 CHAPTER 6- ENERGY BALANCE
EXAM QUESTIONS & VERIFIED
CORRECT ANSWERS
What is the correct description of a kilocalorie (kcal)?
The energy needed to metabolize 1 kg of glucose
The energy required to raise the temperature by 1 kg of water 1 degree Celsius
The energy required to move 1 kg substance 1 meter by 1 Newton of force
The energy needed to transport water against the concentration gradient - correct answer
✔✔The energy required to raise the temperature by 1 kg of water 1 degree Celsius
Which fuel source is the highest energy-yielding nutrient?
Fats
Alcohol
Proteins
Carbohydrates - correct answer ✔✔Fats
Fats have the highest caloric density of macronutrients, containing 9kcal/gram
A food that contains 19 grams of carbohydrates, 25 grams of protein, and 4 grams of fat has
kilocalories (kcal). - correct answer ✔✔212
To determine total kcal, multiply the amount of each macronutrient by its relative energy
density, then sum the totals. Carbohydrates and proteins each have 4 kcal/gram, and fats have 9
kcal/gram.
,19 grams of carbohydrates × 4 kcal/gram = 76 kcal
25 grams of protein × 4 kcal/gram = 100 kcal
4 grams of fat × 9 kcal/gram = 36 kcal
76 kcal + 100 kcal + 36 kcal = 212 total kcal in the food
A food that contains 12 grams of carbohydrates, 5 grams of protein, and 5 grams of fat is equal
to kilocalories (kcal). - correct answer ✔✔113
To determine total kcal, multiply the amount of each macronutrient by its relative energy
density, then sum the totals. Carbohydrates and proteins each have 4 kcal/gram, and fats have 9
kcal/gram.
12 grams carbohydrates × 4 kcal/gram = 48 kcal
5 grams protein × 4 kcal/gram = 20 kcal
5 grams fat × 9 kcal/gram = 45 kcal
48 kcal + 20 kcal + 45 kcal = 113 total kcal in the food
The amount of energy (kcal) needed by the body to maintain life at complete rest. - correct
answer ✔✔The basal metabolic rate, also known as basal energy expenditure (BEE)
What factors affect the amount of energy utilized by the body?
Select all that apply.
Weight
Air temperature
, Hormonal status
A fractured bone
Body composition - correct answer ✔✔Weight
Hormonal status
A fractured bone
Body composition
Which age group has the highest energy expenditure requiring the highest caloric allowance
(kcal/lb)?
10-15 years
15-20 years
35-40 years
Birth to 5 years - correct answer ✔✔Birth to 5 years
Energy needs are highest during times of rapid growth, which occur throughout childhood. For
both sexes, the time between 1 and 2 years is characterized by the highest energy expenditure,
with a decrease as the child ages. Therefore, the children in their first years of life have the
highest energy expenditure compared to older children and adults.
EXAM QUESTIONS & VERIFIED
CORRECT ANSWERS
What is the correct description of a kilocalorie (kcal)?
The energy needed to metabolize 1 kg of glucose
The energy required to raise the temperature by 1 kg of water 1 degree Celsius
The energy required to move 1 kg substance 1 meter by 1 Newton of force
The energy needed to transport water against the concentration gradient - correct answer
✔✔The energy required to raise the temperature by 1 kg of water 1 degree Celsius
Which fuel source is the highest energy-yielding nutrient?
Fats
Alcohol
Proteins
Carbohydrates - correct answer ✔✔Fats
Fats have the highest caloric density of macronutrients, containing 9kcal/gram
A food that contains 19 grams of carbohydrates, 25 grams of protein, and 4 grams of fat has
kilocalories (kcal). - correct answer ✔✔212
To determine total kcal, multiply the amount of each macronutrient by its relative energy
density, then sum the totals. Carbohydrates and proteins each have 4 kcal/gram, and fats have 9
kcal/gram.
,19 grams of carbohydrates × 4 kcal/gram = 76 kcal
25 grams of protein × 4 kcal/gram = 100 kcal
4 grams of fat × 9 kcal/gram = 36 kcal
76 kcal + 100 kcal + 36 kcal = 212 total kcal in the food
A food that contains 12 grams of carbohydrates, 5 grams of protein, and 5 grams of fat is equal
to kilocalories (kcal). - correct answer ✔✔113
To determine total kcal, multiply the amount of each macronutrient by its relative energy
density, then sum the totals. Carbohydrates and proteins each have 4 kcal/gram, and fats have 9
kcal/gram.
12 grams carbohydrates × 4 kcal/gram = 48 kcal
5 grams protein × 4 kcal/gram = 20 kcal
5 grams fat × 9 kcal/gram = 45 kcal
48 kcal + 20 kcal + 45 kcal = 113 total kcal in the food
The amount of energy (kcal) needed by the body to maintain life at complete rest. - correct
answer ✔✔The basal metabolic rate, also known as basal energy expenditure (BEE)
What factors affect the amount of energy utilized by the body?
Select all that apply.
Weight
Air temperature
, Hormonal status
A fractured bone
Body composition - correct answer ✔✔Weight
Hormonal status
A fractured bone
Body composition
Which age group has the highest energy expenditure requiring the highest caloric allowance
(kcal/lb)?
10-15 years
15-20 years
35-40 years
Birth to 5 years - correct answer ✔✔Birth to 5 years
Energy needs are highest during times of rapid growth, which occur throughout childhood. For
both sexes, the time between 1 and 2 years is characterized by the highest energy expenditure,
with a decrease as the child ages. Therefore, the children in their first years of life have the
highest energy expenditure compared to older children and adults.
