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Working with Data Structures: Stack Template Class

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The provided code defines a generic Stack class template in C++. It allows the creation of a stack with a specified maximum number of items (`MAX_ITEMS`). Key features of the class include: - Private members to store stack items and track the top index. - A constructor to initialize the stack to an empty state. - A destructor (currently empty). - Methods to: - Clear the stack (`makeEmpty`). - Check if the stack is empty (`isEmpty`). - Check if the stack is full (`isFull`). - Add an item to the stack (`push`). - Remove an item from the stack (`pop`), taking the item as a reference parameter. This class provides a basic implementation of a stack data structure with typical stack operations.

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#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

template <class T, int MAX_ITEMS>
class Stack
{
private:
T stackItems[MAX_ITEMS];
int top;
public:
Stack() { top = -1; }
~Stack() {}
void makeEmpty() { top = -1; }
bool isEmpty() { return top == -1; }
bool isFull() { return top == MAX_ITEMS - 1; }
void push(T item) { top++; stackItems[top] = item; }
void pop(T & item) { item = stackItems[top]; top--; }
};

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November 6, 2025
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