NSG4330 – MIDTERM #2 EXAM WITH
CORRECT ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECTLY WELL DEFINED ANSWERS
LATEST ALREADY GRADED A+ 2025 – 2026
CTAS Level 3 - ANSWERS-Urgent
See within 30 min
Conditions that could progress to serious problem
associated with significant discomfort or affecting function
requiring emergency intervention
i.e. moderate trauma, asthma, GI bleed, vaginal bleeding in
pregnancy, acute psychosis, SI
CTAS Level 4 - ANSWERS-Less Urgent
See within 60 min
,Conditions r/t age, distress, or potential for
deterioration/complication that would benefit from
intervention or reassurance soon
i.e. headache, corneal foreign body, chronic back pain,
lacerations
CTAS Level 5 - ANSWERS-Non-Urgent
See within 120 min
Conditions may be acute but non-urgent/part of chronic
problem without evidence of deterioration. Intervention
required but can be delayed
i.e. sore throat, URI, vomiting alone, diarrhea alone
Viral Hepatitis
Diagnosis - ANSWERS-Serology to confirm antigen presence
(IgM- acute infx; IgG- past)
*For Hep C, must test for active replication via PCR*
,Labs:
Liver enzymes show generalized inflammation
LFTs (incr bili and PT/INR... decr albumin and platelets)
Clinical Findings:
Rash, angioedema (lips and eyes), arthritis, fever, malaise,
RUQ pain
Toxic/Drug Induced Hepatitis - ANSWERS-Toxic:
ingest/inhale toxic substances (glue, insecticides, work
exposure)
Drug: acetaminophen, aspirin, statins
Symptoms: n/v, hepato/splenomegaly, GI sx, jaundice, RUQ
pain
Tx: remove cause, gastric lavage, minimal meds, lactulose
for ammonia excretion, hydrate, low fat/mod protein/high
CHO/calorie
, Cirrhosis - ANSWERS-Chronic degeneration disease of the
liver, cells replaced with scar tissue.
Types:
1. Alcoholic
2. Post-necrotic (acute viral)
3. Biliary (chronic obstruction/infx)
Clinical Manifestations: dull abd pain in RUQ, n/v,
dyspepsia)
Jaundice - ANSWERS-Yellowing of the skin caused by an
accumulation of bilirubin in the blood from decr liver fxn.
Can also cause pruritus from bile salt accumulation on skin
Portal Hypertension - ANSWERS-Increase in venous pressure
portal circulation due to obstructed blood flow through the
liver. Veins enlarge causing varices and ascites.
Complication of cirrhosis
CORRECT ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECTLY WELL DEFINED ANSWERS
LATEST ALREADY GRADED A+ 2025 – 2026
CTAS Level 3 - ANSWERS-Urgent
See within 30 min
Conditions that could progress to serious problem
associated with significant discomfort or affecting function
requiring emergency intervention
i.e. moderate trauma, asthma, GI bleed, vaginal bleeding in
pregnancy, acute psychosis, SI
CTAS Level 4 - ANSWERS-Less Urgent
See within 60 min
,Conditions r/t age, distress, or potential for
deterioration/complication that would benefit from
intervention or reassurance soon
i.e. headache, corneal foreign body, chronic back pain,
lacerations
CTAS Level 5 - ANSWERS-Non-Urgent
See within 120 min
Conditions may be acute but non-urgent/part of chronic
problem without evidence of deterioration. Intervention
required but can be delayed
i.e. sore throat, URI, vomiting alone, diarrhea alone
Viral Hepatitis
Diagnosis - ANSWERS-Serology to confirm antigen presence
(IgM- acute infx; IgG- past)
*For Hep C, must test for active replication via PCR*
,Labs:
Liver enzymes show generalized inflammation
LFTs (incr bili and PT/INR... decr albumin and platelets)
Clinical Findings:
Rash, angioedema (lips and eyes), arthritis, fever, malaise,
RUQ pain
Toxic/Drug Induced Hepatitis - ANSWERS-Toxic:
ingest/inhale toxic substances (glue, insecticides, work
exposure)
Drug: acetaminophen, aspirin, statins
Symptoms: n/v, hepato/splenomegaly, GI sx, jaundice, RUQ
pain
Tx: remove cause, gastric lavage, minimal meds, lactulose
for ammonia excretion, hydrate, low fat/mod protein/high
CHO/calorie
, Cirrhosis - ANSWERS-Chronic degeneration disease of the
liver, cells replaced with scar tissue.
Types:
1. Alcoholic
2. Post-necrotic (acute viral)
3. Biliary (chronic obstruction/infx)
Clinical Manifestations: dull abd pain in RUQ, n/v,
dyspepsia)
Jaundice - ANSWERS-Yellowing of the skin caused by an
accumulation of bilirubin in the blood from decr liver fxn.
Can also cause pruritus from bile salt accumulation on skin
Portal Hypertension - ANSWERS-Increase in venous pressure
portal circulation due to obstructed blood flow through the
liver. Veins enlarge causing varices and ascites.
Complication of cirrhosis
