UTMB HEALTH ASSESSMENT -
EXAM 1
What is the first stage of pressure injury development?
Intact skin appears red but unbroken localized redness in lightly
pigmented blanche. Dark skin appears dark and does not blanch
What is the second stage of pressure injury development?
partial thickness, skin erosion with loss of epidermis or also dermis.
Superficial ulcer looks shallow like an abrasion or open blister with a
red-pink wound bed
What is the third stage of pressure injury development?
Full-thickness pressure ulcer extending into the subcutaneous tissue
and resembling a crater. May see subcutaneous fat but not muscle,
bone, or tendon
What is the fourth stage of pressure injury development?
Full-thickness pressure ulcer involves all skin layers and extends into
supporting tissue. Exposes muscle, tendon or bone, and may show
slough or eschar
Define and give an example of the primary lesion macule:
Color change, flat and circumscribed, of <1cm Ex: freckle
Define and give an example of the primary lesion papule:
Can feel, caused by superficial thickening of epidermis Ex: mole
Define and give an example of the primary lesion plaque:
Papules coalesce to form surface elevation wider that 1cm, plateau
like, disc-shaped lesion Ex: Psoriasis
,Define and give an example of the primary lesion nodule:
Solid, elevated, hard or soft >1cm Ex: Fibroma
Define and give an example of the primary lesion tumor:
> than a few cm in diameter, firm or soft. Deeper into dermis, benign
or malignant Ex: Hemangioma
Define and give an example of the primary lesion wheal:
Superficial, raised, transient, and erythematous. Slightly irregular
shape from edema Ex: Allergic reaction
Define and give an example of the primary lesion vesicle:
Elevated cavity containing free fluid, up to 1cm. A blister. Clear
serum flows if wall is ruptured Ex: Herpes simplex
Define and give an example of the primary lesion pustule:
Turbid fluid (pus) in the cavity. Circumscribed and elevated Ex:
Impetigo
Define and give an example of the secondary lesion crust:
Thickened, dried out exudate left when vesicles/pustules burst or dry
up. Red-brown, honey, or yellow Ex: Impetigo
Define and give an example of the secondary lesion scale:
Compact, desiccated flakes of skin dry or greasy, silvery or white,
from shedding of excess keratin cells Ex: Eczema
Define and give an example of the secondary lesion fissure:
Linear crack with abrupt edge extends into dermis, dry or moist Ex:
Athletes foot
Define and give an example of the secondary lesion erosion:
Scooped out but shallow depression. Superficial, epidermis lost, moist
but no bleeding, heals without scar because not extended into dermis
, Define and give an example of the secondary lesion ulcer:
Deeper depression extending into dermis, irregular shape, may bleed,
leaves scar Ex: Chancre
What are the major neck muscles?
sternomastoid and the trapezius (innervated by cranial nerve XI)
Describe the anterior triangle boarder region of the neck:
Lies in front between the sternomastoid and midline of body, with
baseline up along lower border of the mandible and apex down at the
suprasternal notch
Describe the posterior triangle boarder region of the neck:
Behind sternomastoid with trapezius muscle on other side with base
along the clavicle below
What facial structure should appear symmetric when inspecting
the head?
Eyebrows, eyes, ears, nose, mouth, palpebral fissures, and nasolabial
folds
Describe the characteristics of lymph nodes often associated with
acute infection:
Nodes are bilateral, enlarged, warm, tender, and firm but not freely
moveable
Describe the characteristics of lymph nodes often associated with
chronic inflammation:
Nodes are clumped
Describe the characteristics of lymph nodes often associated with
cancer:
Nodes are hard, unilateral, nontender, and fixed
EXAM 1
What is the first stage of pressure injury development?
Intact skin appears red but unbroken localized redness in lightly
pigmented blanche. Dark skin appears dark and does not blanch
What is the second stage of pressure injury development?
partial thickness, skin erosion with loss of epidermis or also dermis.
Superficial ulcer looks shallow like an abrasion or open blister with a
red-pink wound bed
What is the third stage of pressure injury development?
Full-thickness pressure ulcer extending into the subcutaneous tissue
and resembling a crater. May see subcutaneous fat but not muscle,
bone, or tendon
What is the fourth stage of pressure injury development?
Full-thickness pressure ulcer involves all skin layers and extends into
supporting tissue. Exposes muscle, tendon or bone, and may show
slough or eschar
Define and give an example of the primary lesion macule:
Color change, flat and circumscribed, of <1cm Ex: freckle
Define and give an example of the primary lesion papule:
Can feel, caused by superficial thickening of epidermis Ex: mole
Define and give an example of the primary lesion plaque:
Papules coalesce to form surface elevation wider that 1cm, plateau
like, disc-shaped lesion Ex: Psoriasis
,Define and give an example of the primary lesion nodule:
Solid, elevated, hard or soft >1cm Ex: Fibroma
Define and give an example of the primary lesion tumor:
> than a few cm in diameter, firm or soft. Deeper into dermis, benign
or malignant Ex: Hemangioma
Define and give an example of the primary lesion wheal:
Superficial, raised, transient, and erythematous. Slightly irregular
shape from edema Ex: Allergic reaction
Define and give an example of the primary lesion vesicle:
Elevated cavity containing free fluid, up to 1cm. A blister. Clear
serum flows if wall is ruptured Ex: Herpes simplex
Define and give an example of the primary lesion pustule:
Turbid fluid (pus) in the cavity. Circumscribed and elevated Ex:
Impetigo
Define and give an example of the secondary lesion crust:
Thickened, dried out exudate left when vesicles/pustules burst or dry
up. Red-brown, honey, or yellow Ex: Impetigo
Define and give an example of the secondary lesion scale:
Compact, desiccated flakes of skin dry or greasy, silvery or white,
from shedding of excess keratin cells Ex: Eczema
Define and give an example of the secondary lesion fissure:
Linear crack with abrupt edge extends into dermis, dry or moist Ex:
Athletes foot
Define and give an example of the secondary lesion erosion:
Scooped out but shallow depression. Superficial, epidermis lost, moist
but no bleeding, heals without scar because not extended into dermis
, Define and give an example of the secondary lesion ulcer:
Deeper depression extending into dermis, irregular shape, may bleed,
leaves scar Ex: Chancre
What are the major neck muscles?
sternomastoid and the trapezius (innervated by cranial nerve XI)
Describe the anterior triangle boarder region of the neck:
Lies in front between the sternomastoid and midline of body, with
baseline up along lower border of the mandible and apex down at the
suprasternal notch
Describe the posterior triangle boarder region of the neck:
Behind sternomastoid with trapezius muscle on other side with base
along the clavicle below
What facial structure should appear symmetric when inspecting
the head?
Eyebrows, eyes, ears, nose, mouth, palpebral fissures, and nasolabial
folds
Describe the characteristics of lymph nodes often associated with
acute infection:
Nodes are bilateral, enlarged, warm, tender, and firm but not freely
moveable
Describe the characteristics of lymph nodes often associated with
chronic inflammation:
Nodes are clumped
Describe the characteristics of lymph nodes often associated with
cancer:
Nodes are hard, unilateral, nontender, and fixed
