CDM Exam 3 Exam QUESTIONS
VERIFIED ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE
2025/2026 RATED A+
Pancreatitis - CORRECT ANSWERS Inflammation of the pancreas
-Can lead to digestion of the pancreas by its own enzymes and/or irreversible structural damage to the
organ (exocrine enzymes get activated within the pancreas)
Endocrine Function of Pancreas - CORRECT ANSWERS Islet of Langerhans cells produce insulin,
glucagon, somatostatin, and pancreatic polypeptide (all play a role in metabolism of nutrients and
balancing blood sugar)
Exocrine Function of Pancreas - CORRECT ANSWERS 1) Acinar cells secrete digestive enzymes:
-amylase: breaks down carbs to glucose
-protease: breaks down proteins to amino acids
-lipase: breaks down fat
2) Enzymes are not activated until they enter the duodenum where a change occurs with stomach acid
SxS of Acute Pancreatitis - CORRECT ANSWERS 1) *Abdominal Pain*:
-Sudden, very painful mid-epigastric pain or left upper quadrant which can be felt in the back as well due
to the location of the pancreas
-Worse when lying flat (WHY? Due to the location of the pancreas and how it is behind the peritoneum.
When the pancreas is inflamed and the person lies flat, this pulls the peritoneum tighter over the
pancreas and causes increased pain)
3) May report the pain started after consuming greasy/high fat meal or alcohol
4) *Fever, increased HR, decreased BP*
5) N/V
,6) Hyperglycemia
7) *Increased amylase and lipase*
Cullen's and Grey-Turner's Sign - CORRECT ANSWERS 1) *Seen with SEVERE cases of acute
pancreatitis*
2) What causes Cullen's and Grey-Turner's Sign?
-They *represent retroperitoneal bleeding* from the leakage of digestive enzymes into the surrounding
tissues which is causing bleeding and it is leaking down into the flanks and umbilicus
3) *Cullen's Sign: bluish coloration around the belly button* (look at RR, BP, HR)
4) *Grey-Turner's Sign: bluish discoloration on the flanks*
Most common symptom of acute pancreaitis? - CORRECT ANSWERS *Sudden onset of sharp,
twisting, deep, upper abdominal pain*
-frequently radiates to the back and is associated with nausea and vomiting
What is the most common type of pancreatitis? - CORRECT ANSWERS 1) Mild acute
pancreatitis (also called interstitial or edematous pancreatitis)
-Occurs when areas of fat necrosis and interstitial edema develop in and around the pancreas (the
peripancreatic tissues)
Moderately Severe Acute Pancreatitis - CORRECT ANSWERS Described as transient organ
failure or local or systemic complications
SxS of Chronic Pancreatitis - CORRECT ANSWERS 1) Abdominal pain:
-Chronic epigastric pain that is persistent (can have no pain because the pancreas is not producing
enzymes because of the extent of the damage)
2) Pain:
-Becomes worse after drinking alcohol or eating a greasy/fatty meal
, 3) May have a mass and swelling in abdomen due to pseudocyst formation on the pancreas
4) Diarrhea with stool that is called Steatorrhea (oily/fatty stools due to the lack of pancreatic enzymes
to help digest fats)
5) Weight loss: because no enzymes to help digest the food
6) SxS of Jaundice: yellowing of skin and eyes...damage to the common bile duct which helps remove
bile from the liver so the bile builds up
7) Dark urine: due to the excessive bile in the body
8) SxS of Diabetes Mellitus: the pancreas' islet of Langerhans that secrete insulin are NOT working
Types of Pancreatitis - CORRECT ANSWERS 1) Acute
2) Chronic
Types of Acute Pancreatitis - CORRECT ANSWERS 1) Interstitial edematous pancreatitis: acute
inflammation without necrosis
2) Necrotizing pancreatitis with pancreatic or peripancreatic tissue necrosis
*Acute Pancreatitis* - CORRECT ANSWERS 1) Patho:
-Due to something that has triggered the digestive enzymes to become activated inside the organ
-Pancreas starts to digest itself and swell. As the pancreas digests itself, the tissue dies and cysts or
abscesses can form out of the dead tissue (which can rupture or hemorrhage)
2) Comes on quickly and if treated promptly it can be reversed
3) Can be fatal
4) Can lead to chronic pancreatitis if not reversed
5) *Most common causes are gallstones and high amount of alcohol consumption*
Chronic Pancreatitis - CORRECT ANSWERS 1) *Main cause is heavy-long term alcohol
consumption*
VERIFIED ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE
2025/2026 RATED A+
Pancreatitis - CORRECT ANSWERS Inflammation of the pancreas
-Can lead to digestion of the pancreas by its own enzymes and/or irreversible structural damage to the
organ (exocrine enzymes get activated within the pancreas)
Endocrine Function of Pancreas - CORRECT ANSWERS Islet of Langerhans cells produce insulin,
glucagon, somatostatin, and pancreatic polypeptide (all play a role in metabolism of nutrients and
balancing blood sugar)
Exocrine Function of Pancreas - CORRECT ANSWERS 1) Acinar cells secrete digestive enzymes:
-amylase: breaks down carbs to glucose
-protease: breaks down proteins to amino acids
-lipase: breaks down fat
2) Enzymes are not activated until they enter the duodenum where a change occurs with stomach acid
SxS of Acute Pancreatitis - CORRECT ANSWERS 1) *Abdominal Pain*:
-Sudden, very painful mid-epigastric pain or left upper quadrant which can be felt in the back as well due
to the location of the pancreas
-Worse when lying flat (WHY? Due to the location of the pancreas and how it is behind the peritoneum.
When the pancreas is inflamed and the person lies flat, this pulls the peritoneum tighter over the
pancreas and causes increased pain)
3) May report the pain started after consuming greasy/high fat meal or alcohol
4) *Fever, increased HR, decreased BP*
5) N/V
,6) Hyperglycemia
7) *Increased amylase and lipase*
Cullen's and Grey-Turner's Sign - CORRECT ANSWERS 1) *Seen with SEVERE cases of acute
pancreatitis*
2) What causes Cullen's and Grey-Turner's Sign?
-They *represent retroperitoneal bleeding* from the leakage of digestive enzymes into the surrounding
tissues which is causing bleeding and it is leaking down into the flanks and umbilicus
3) *Cullen's Sign: bluish coloration around the belly button* (look at RR, BP, HR)
4) *Grey-Turner's Sign: bluish discoloration on the flanks*
Most common symptom of acute pancreaitis? - CORRECT ANSWERS *Sudden onset of sharp,
twisting, deep, upper abdominal pain*
-frequently radiates to the back and is associated with nausea and vomiting
What is the most common type of pancreatitis? - CORRECT ANSWERS 1) Mild acute
pancreatitis (also called interstitial or edematous pancreatitis)
-Occurs when areas of fat necrosis and interstitial edema develop in and around the pancreas (the
peripancreatic tissues)
Moderately Severe Acute Pancreatitis - CORRECT ANSWERS Described as transient organ
failure or local or systemic complications
SxS of Chronic Pancreatitis - CORRECT ANSWERS 1) Abdominal pain:
-Chronic epigastric pain that is persistent (can have no pain because the pancreas is not producing
enzymes because of the extent of the damage)
2) Pain:
-Becomes worse after drinking alcohol or eating a greasy/fatty meal
, 3) May have a mass and swelling in abdomen due to pseudocyst formation on the pancreas
4) Diarrhea with stool that is called Steatorrhea (oily/fatty stools due to the lack of pancreatic enzymes
to help digest fats)
5) Weight loss: because no enzymes to help digest the food
6) SxS of Jaundice: yellowing of skin and eyes...damage to the common bile duct which helps remove
bile from the liver so the bile builds up
7) Dark urine: due to the excessive bile in the body
8) SxS of Diabetes Mellitus: the pancreas' islet of Langerhans that secrete insulin are NOT working
Types of Pancreatitis - CORRECT ANSWERS 1) Acute
2) Chronic
Types of Acute Pancreatitis - CORRECT ANSWERS 1) Interstitial edematous pancreatitis: acute
inflammation without necrosis
2) Necrotizing pancreatitis with pancreatic or peripancreatic tissue necrosis
*Acute Pancreatitis* - CORRECT ANSWERS 1) Patho:
-Due to something that has triggered the digestive enzymes to become activated inside the organ
-Pancreas starts to digest itself and swell. As the pancreas digests itself, the tissue dies and cysts or
abscesses can form out of the dead tissue (which can rupture or hemorrhage)
2) Comes on quickly and if treated promptly it can be reversed
3) Can be fatal
4) Can lead to chronic pancreatitis if not reversed
5) *Most common causes are gallstones and high amount of alcohol consumption*
Chronic Pancreatitis - CORRECT ANSWERS 1) *Main cause is heavy-long term alcohol
consumption*
