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JCAHPO TEST BANK| JCAHPO STUDY GUIDE| COMPLETE ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS| A+ RATED SOLUTIONS| WITH RATIONALES| EVERYTHING YOU NEED TO PASS JCAHPO EXAMS| NEWEST ! What common medium is used to culture microorganisms? a. plasma b. water c. agar d. stain C A disadvantage of chemical-based rigid contact lens care systems is a. Irritation b. Simplicity of use c. Poor disinfection d. Low replacement rate A What is the term for drooping upper eyelids? a. Pterygium b. Ptosis c. Epicanthus d. Ectropion B A fibrovascular growth of the actually damaged conjunctiva that invades a portion of the cornea from the limbus is a a. Hyphema b. Pinguecula c. Pterygium d. Ptosis C A fluorescein angiogram is used for which of the following? a. Counting epithelial cells b. Measuring the eye's contrast sensitivity c. Viewing detail, such as blockages in fundus blood vessels d. Estimating the cornea's ability C A granulated inflammation of the eyelid that may be removed surgically if it does not subside is a: a. Xanthelasma b. Pterygium c. Stye d. Chalazion D A hemorrhage that partially fills the anterior chamber with blood is called a. Hydrops b. Hypopyon c. Hyphema d. Hypophoria C A lens consisting of two cylinders of equal but opposite powers is the a. double cylinder. b. spherocylinder. c. cross cylinder. d. axis cylinder. C A lens with a focal length of 2 meters has a power of a. 0.5 D b. 1 D c. 2 D d. 5 D A A patient who has had an intraocular lens implantation is referred to as a. Aphakic b. Pseudophakic c. Phakic d. Lenticular B a. A patient's prescription is -2.50 +1.00 X 175. What is the minus cylinder transposition? a. -2.50 -1.00 X 175 b. -2.50 -1.00 X 85 c. -1.50 - 1.00 X 175 d. -1.50 -1.00 X 85 D A slit lamp is used to examine the a. extraocular muscles. b. anterior chamber. c. optic tract. d. optic foramen. B What is the term for the tonometry technique that displaces a minimal amount of fluid? a. Indentation b. Applanation c. Elevation d. Fixation B According to OSHA regulations, what is the BEST way to comply with universal precautions? a. Put on a gown b. Put on gloves c. Use mask d. Wash your hands D Advances in digital imaging technology facilitated the practical use of what type of dye? a. Trypan blue b. Rose Bengal c. Indocyanine green d. Gentian violet C After introduction to the patient, one of the first items that should be obtained as part of history taking is the a. medications and dosages that the patient is currently taking. b. chief complaint or reason for the patient's visit. c. patient's allergy history. d. patient's family medical history. B What is the term for an area of complete or partial blindness in an otherwise normal visual field? a. Scotoma b. Synechiae c. Stye d. Stroma A What is an important difference between soft and rigid lenses? a. Comfortability b. Closely fit to the shape of the cornea c. Durability d. Less susceptible to spectacle blur A Axial length is provided by which measurement? a. Precorneal tear film to the posterior vitreous face b. Anterior corneal surface to the macula c. Anterior corneal surface to the optic disc d. Anterior pole to the posterior pole B What is the MOST commonly used technique to perform a B-scan? a. Slit lamp b. Handheld probe c. Computed Tomography (CT) (OCT) d. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) B How are axial length measurements obtained? a. High-frequency sound waves through specific ocular tissue. b. Short light waves through specific ocular tissue. c. High-resolution cross-sectional imaging of internal structures of the eye d. Electrodes that measure electrical potential between the cornea and retina. A Before sterilization, minor surgical instruments should be a. soaked in instrument milk. b. bleached. c. dusted. d. cleaned with soapy water. D What is the term for the 'bending of light'? a. Dispersion b. Refraction c. Emergence d. Incidence B Refraction: the bending of light. . Refraction the bending of light. The bending of light as it passes from one medium to another is called refraction. The angle and wavelength at which the light enters a substance and the density of that substance determine how much the light is refracted. Dispersion - the action or process of distributing things or people over a wide area Emergence- the process of coming into view or becoming exposed after being concealed. Incidence- the occurrence, rate, or frequency of a disease, crime, or something else undesirable. Checking the calibration of the applanation tonometer is done by a. only a qualified service technician. b. using a measured weight attached to the tonometer balancing arm at 0, 2, and 6. c. using a measured weight attached to the tonometer balancing arm at 0, 3, and 5. d. . having a second technician verify the IOP measurements on several patients to confirm tonometry accuracy. B it is possible to check the calibration of the tonometer; this should be done every six months. Calibration is done at dial positions 0, 2, and 6 (equivalent to 0, 20, and 60 mmHg) Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors cause all of the following with the exception of a. numbness and tingling of the hands and feet. b. kidney stones. c. changing the color of the iris. d. drowsiness and fatigue. C Answer is C changing the color of the iris. Everything else are side effects of the medications. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors are a medication used in the management and treatment of glaucoma, idiopathic intracranial hypertension, altitude sickness, congestive heart failure, and epilepsy, among other diseases. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors are considered part of the diuretic class of medications. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor acetazolamide may be used to alkalize urine to solubilize uric acid and cystine stones. The adverse effects of CAIs that researchers and patients have reported include fatigue, vomiting, nausea, and abdominal pain. Stevens-Johnson syndrome is a rare side effect.[7] The alkalization of urine may promote the formation of calcium oxalate stones. The adverse effects of CAIs that researchers and patients have reported include fatigue, vomiting, nausea, and abdominal pain. Stevens-Johnson syndrome is a rare side effect.[7] The alkalization of urine may promote the formation of calcium oxalate stones. the side effects of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors More common Diarrhea. Increase in frequency of urination or amount of urine (rare with methazolamide) metallic taste in mouth. nausea or vomiting. numbness, tingling, or burning in hands, fingers, feet, toes, mouth, lips, tongue, or anus. Consensual light reflex in the right eye results in a. right pupil constriction. b. right pupil dilation. c. left pupil constriction. d. left pupil dilation. A consensual light reflex Ophthalmology The ability of both pupils to react to light which is tested by shining a beam of light in one eye, and assessing the response of the other eye, which normally constricts Corneal curvature measurement is vital to ensure that a contact lens a. touches the corneal surface. b. touches the conjunctival surface. c. rests on the cornea. d. rests on the tear film. C It is important that the contact lenses fit properly, because a poorly fitting lens can cause further damage to the cornea. This might prevent the person from being able to wear contact lenses. Vital to your contact lens fitting is measuring the curvature of your cornea using a keratometry so that your eye doctor can select the optimal curvature and diameter dimensions for your new contact lenses. Keratometry evaluation is also helpful for detecting unknown corneal abnormalities like keratoconus, astigmatism or corneal scarring. What is the term for 'degerming' of the hands? a. Cleaning b. Scrubbing c. Sterilizing d. Septicizing B The act of handwashing is an example of degerming, in which microbial numbers are significantly reduced by gently scrubbing living tissue, most commonly skin, with a mild chemical (e.g., soap) to avoid the transmission of pathogenic microbes. Sanitization refers to the reduction in the number of pathogens to a level deemed safe by public health guidelines. Degerming is the physical removal of microorganisms by using such things as soaps or detergents. Drugs that dilate the pupil without cycloplegia operate by stimulating which iris muscle? a. Dilator b. Sphincter c. Ciliary d. Rectus A iris dilator muscle- The iris dilator muscle has fibers arranged radially from the sphincter to the ciliary border, receives sympathetic innervation, and functions to cause dilation of the pupil (mydriasis). The iris dilator muscle is a smooth muscle of the eye, running radially in the iris and therefore fit as a dilator. The pupillary dilator consists of a spoke like arrangement of modified contractile cells called myoepithelial cells. These cells are stimulated by the sympathetic nervous system. When stimulated, the cells contract, widening the pupil and allowing lighter to enter the eye. Phenylephrine is a sympathomimetic agent that is used clinically to dilate the iris without cycloplegia. Phenylephrine (2.5%) is used diagnostically for fundus