HPD Quiz 2
1. What color is the sclera regularly supposed to be?: White and extends from the cornea
2. Where is the conjunctiva located and what color is it supposed to be?: - covers
inner surface of eyelids and sclera
- clear in color, but appears pink, which assesses for perfusion
3. What is bulbar vs. palpebral conjunctiva?: - bulbar conjunctiva covers the sclera
- palpebral conjunctiva lines the eyelids
4. What is the fovea and what surrounds it?: - Fovea is where vision is the sharpest
- Macula surrounds the fovea
5. What is the optic disc?: - only seen with an ophthalmoscope, the location where sensory fibers come
together to form the optic nerve
6. What is the visual field and what does the center of the circle represent?: - the
entire area seen by an eye when it looks at a central point
- center of circle of visual field represents the focus of gaze
7. What is stereopsis?: - 3D perception in the area of binocular vision, allows us to see depth
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, 8. What should happen to the pupils during light reaction?: Pupils should be round and
reactive (constrict) to both direct and consensual light
9. What is direct vs. consensual light?: - Direct: constriction of the pupil on which the light is shone
- Consensual: constriction of the opposite pupil
10. When do you perform the near reaction?: - When the light reaction is impaired or question-
able
- test in BOTH dim and normal light
- patient looks alternatively at near object (10 cm from eye) and into the distance directly behind it
11. Describe what happens to the eyes when a person shifts gaze from a far
object to a near object (near reaction).: 1. the pupils constrict
- Oculomotor nerve (CN III)
2. the eyes converge
- medial rectus muscle contraction
3. the lenses become more convex (accommodation and only seen with ophthalmoscope)
- contraction of ciliary muscles
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1. What color is the sclera regularly supposed to be?: White and extends from the cornea
2. Where is the conjunctiva located and what color is it supposed to be?: - covers
inner surface of eyelids and sclera
- clear in color, but appears pink, which assesses for perfusion
3. What is bulbar vs. palpebral conjunctiva?: - bulbar conjunctiva covers the sclera
- palpebral conjunctiva lines the eyelids
4. What is the fovea and what surrounds it?: - Fovea is where vision is the sharpest
- Macula surrounds the fovea
5. What is the optic disc?: - only seen with an ophthalmoscope, the location where sensory fibers come
together to form the optic nerve
6. What is the visual field and what does the center of the circle represent?: - the
entire area seen by an eye when it looks at a central point
- center of circle of visual field represents the focus of gaze
7. What is stereopsis?: - 3D perception in the area of binocular vision, allows us to see depth
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, 8. What should happen to the pupils during light reaction?: Pupils should be round and
reactive (constrict) to both direct and consensual light
9. What is direct vs. consensual light?: - Direct: constriction of the pupil on which the light is shone
- Consensual: constriction of the opposite pupil
10. When do you perform the near reaction?: - When the light reaction is impaired or question-
able
- test in BOTH dim and normal light
- patient looks alternatively at near object (10 cm from eye) and into the distance directly behind it
11. Describe what happens to the eyes when a person shifts gaze from a far
object to a near object (near reaction).: 1. the pupils constrict
- Oculomotor nerve (CN III)
2. the eyes converge
- medial rectus muscle contraction
3. the lenses become more convex (accommodation and only seen with ophthalmoscope)
- contraction of ciliary muscles
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