PSYC 101 Final Exam With actual question and CORRECT ANSWERS
What is the difference between classical conditioning and operant conditioning?
a) Classical conditioning is learned from connections between stimuli and operant conditioning is
learned through reinforcement and consequences
b) Classical conditioning and operant conditioning are the same thing
c) Operant conditioning is learned from connections between stimuli and classical conditioning is
learned through reinforcement and consequences
d) Classical conditioning is learned from punishment and operant conditioning is learned from
reinforcement - CORRECT ANSWER-a) Classical conditioning is learned from connections between
stimuli and operant conditioning is learned through reinforcement and consequences
What is an example of a negative reinforcement?
a) Going to see a movie with friends after finishing all of your homework
b) Giving your dog a treat for being good
c) Studying hard and getting a good grade
d) Putting your seatbelt on to stop the alarm - CORRECT ANSWER-d) Putting your seatbelt on to stop
the alarm
Positive punishment adds a(n) ___________ consequence which ___________ probability of
behavior. Which answer correctly fills in the blanks?
a) desirable, increase
b) undesirable, decrease
c) undesirable, increase
d) desirable, decrease - CORRECT ANSWER-b) undesirable, decrease
Which answer choice correctly describes sensory adaption?
a) There is a minimum amount of any given sensation that has to be present for us to notice it
b) Smallest difference in amount of stimulus that a specific sense can detect
c) If a stimulus is unchanging, we become desensitized to it
,d) Organizing sensations into meaningful patterns - CORRECT ANSWER-c) If a stimulus is unchanging,
we become desensitized to it
Which part of the eye converts light into nerve impulses?
a) Lens
b) Retina
c) Cornea
d) Pupil - CORRECT ANSWER-b) Retina
What is the elimination of a learned response by removal of the unconditioned stimulus or
reinforcement?
a) Acquisition
b) Discrimination
c) Generalization
d) Extinction - CORRECT ANSWER-d) Extinction
What is the Arousal Theory?
a) People are motivated to behave in ways that produce a valued incentive
b) Gender differences in sexual activity, criticism and alternative explanations and gender differences
in male preferences
c) People are motivated to achieve and maintain an optimum level of bodily arousal
d) An inner state that energizes and directs us and keeps us moving towards our goals - CORRECT
ANSWER-c) People are motivated to achieve and maintain an optimum level of bodily arousal
Which of the following is NOT a condition under which social norms exert the greatest influence
a) Conditions are uncertain
b) Source is similar to us
c) Concerned about relationship with the source
d) Conditions are certain - CORRECT ANSWER-d) Conditions are certain
When is it best to give a punishment?
a) Punishment is better to do right after the problem has occurred
,b) Punishment is better to do a few hours after the problem has occurred
c) Punishment is better never to do after a problem has occurred
d) Punishment is better to do a long time after a problem has occurred - CORRECT ANSWER-a)
Punishment is better to do right after the problem has occurred
What is the difference between REM Sleep and Non-REM Sleep?
a) REM sleep is marked by an absence of rapid eye movements, little dreaming and varied EEG
activity versus Non-REM sleep is deep stage sleep marked by rapid eye movement, frequency in
brain waves and dreaming
b) REM Sleep deals with a short duration of sleep versus Non-REM sleep deals with a longer duration
of sleep
c) REM sleep is marked by a deep stage of sleep marked by rapid eye movements, frequency brain
waves and dreaming versus Non-REM Sleep is marked by an absence of rapid eye movements, little
dreaming and varied EEG activity
d) None of the above - CORRECT ANSWER-c) REM sleep is marked by a deep stage of sleep marked
by rapid eye movements, frequency brain waves and dreaming versus Non-REM Sleep is marked by
an absence of rapid eye movements, little dreaming and varied EEG activity
True or False: Selective Attention is the ability to distribute ones attention and simultaneously engage
in 2 or more activities
a) True
b) False - CORRECT ANSWER-b) False
Which is Not one of the 4 types of Stress
a) Frustration
b) Sadness
c) Conflict
d) Change
e) Pressure - CORRECT ANSWER-b) Sadness
1. What distinguishes between-group effects from within-group effects?
a) The size of the sample data
b) The frequency of observations
c) The context in which characteristics are assessed
, d) All of the above
e) None of the above - CORRECT ANSWER-c) The context in which characteristics are assessed
2. Which of the following is NOT considered an example of positive risk-taking during adolescence?
a) Initiating a new friendship
b) Trying new activities
c) Engaging in substance use
d) Standing up for one's beliefs
e) Taking challenging courses - CORRECT ANSWER-c) Engaging in substance use
3. Which neurotransmitter is always excitatory and associated with learning and memory?
a) GABA
b) Glutamate
c) Endorphins
d) Serotonin
e) Dopamine - CORRECT ANSWER-b) Glutamate
4. Which of the following is NOT an example of an agonist drug?
a) Cocaine
b) Nicotine
c) Antidepressants
d) Curare
e) Opiates - CORRECT ANSWER-d) Curare
5. Which part of the nervous system controls voluntary muscle movements?
a) Central nervous system
b) Peripheral nervous system
c) Somatic nervous system
d) Autonomic nervous system
e) Parasympathetic nervous system - CORRECT ANSWER-c) Somatic nervous system
What is the difference between classical conditioning and operant conditioning?
a) Classical conditioning is learned from connections between stimuli and operant conditioning is
learned through reinforcement and consequences
b) Classical conditioning and operant conditioning are the same thing
c) Operant conditioning is learned from connections between stimuli and classical conditioning is
learned through reinforcement and consequences
d) Classical conditioning is learned from punishment and operant conditioning is learned from
reinforcement - CORRECT ANSWER-a) Classical conditioning is learned from connections between
stimuli and operant conditioning is learned through reinforcement and consequences
What is an example of a negative reinforcement?
a) Going to see a movie with friends after finishing all of your homework
b) Giving your dog a treat for being good
c) Studying hard and getting a good grade
d) Putting your seatbelt on to stop the alarm - CORRECT ANSWER-d) Putting your seatbelt on to stop
the alarm
Positive punishment adds a(n) ___________ consequence which ___________ probability of
behavior. Which answer correctly fills in the blanks?
a) desirable, increase
b) undesirable, decrease
c) undesirable, increase
d) desirable, decrease - CORRECT ANSWER-b) undesirable, decrease
Which answer choice correctly describes sensory adaption?
a) There is a minimum amount of any given sensation that has to be present for us to notice it
b) Smallest difference in amount of stimulus that a specific sense can detect
c) If a stimulus is unchanging, we become desensitized to it
,d) Organizing sensations into meaningful patterns - CORRECT ANSWER-c) If a stimulus is unchanging,
we become desensitized to it
Which part of the eye converts light into nerve impulses?
a) Lens
b) Retina
c) Cornea
d) Pupil - CORRECT ANSWER-b) Retina
What is the elimination of a learned response by removal of the unconditioned stimulus or
reinforcement?
a) Acquisition
b) Discrimination
c) Generalization
d) Extinction - CORRECT ANSWER-d) Extinction
What is the Arousal Theory?
a) People are motivated to behave in ways that produce a valued incentive
b) Gender differences in sexual activity, criticism and alternative explanations and gender differences
in male preferences
c) People are motivated to achieve and maintain an optimum level of bodily arousal
d) An inner state that energizes and directs us and keeps us moving towards our goals - CORRECT
ANSWER-c) People are motivated to achieve and maintain an optimum level of bodily arousal
Which of the following is NOT a condition under which social norms exert the greatest influence
a) Conditions are uncertain
b) Source is similar to us
c) Concerned about relationship with the source
d) Conditions are certain - CORRECT ANSWER-d) Conditions are certain
When is it best to give a punishment?
a) Punishment is better to do right after the problem has occurred
,b) Punishment is better to do a few hours after the problem has occurred
c) Punishment is better never to do after a problem has occurred
d) Punishment is better to do a long time after a problem has occurred - CORRECT ANSWER-a)
Punishment is better to do right after the problem has occurred
What is the difference between REM Sleep and Non-REM Sleep?
a) REM sleep is marked by an absence of rapid eye movements, little dreaming and varied EEG
activity versus Non-REM sleep is deep stage sleep marked by rapid eye movement, frequency in
brain waves and dreaming
b) REM Sleep deals with a short duration of sleep versus Non-REM sleep deals with a longer duration
of sleep
c) REM sleep is marked by a deep stage of sleep marked by rapid eye movements, frequency brain
waves and dreaming versus Non-REM Sleep is marked by an absence of rapid eye movements, little
dreaming and varied EEG activity
d) None of the above - CORRECT ANSWER-c) REM sleep is marked by a deep stage of sleep marked
by rapid eye movements, frequency brain waves and dreaming versus Non-REM Sleep is marked by
an absence of rapid eye movements, little dreaming and varied EEG activity
True or False: Selective Attention is the ability to distribute ones attention and simultaneously engage
in 2 or more activities
a) True
b) False - CORRECT ANSWER-b) False
Which is Not one of the 4 types of Stress
a) Frustration
b) Sadness
c) Conflict
d) Change
e) Pressure - CORRECT ANSWER-b) Sadness
1. What distinguishes between-group effects from within-group effects?
a) The size of the sample data
b) The frequency of observations
c) The context in which characteristics are assessed
, d) All of the above
e) None of the above - CORRECT ANSWER-c) The context in which characteristics are assessed
2. Which of the following is NOT considered an example of positive risk-taking during adolescence?
a) Initiating a new friendship
b) Trying new activities
c) Engaging in substance use
d) Standing up for one's beliefs
e) Taking challenging courses - CORRECT ANSWER-c) Engaging in substance use
3. Which neurotransmitter is always excitatory and associated with learning and memory?
a) GABA
b) Glutamate
c) Endorphins
d) Serotonin
e) Dopamine - CORRECT ANSWER-b) Glutamate
4. Which of the following is NOT an example of an agonist drug?
a) Cocaine
b) Nicotine
c) Antidepressants
d) Curare
e) Opiates - CORRECT ANSWER-d) Curare
5. Which part of the nervous system controls voluntary muscle movements?
a) Central nervous system
b) Peripheral nervous system
c) Somatic nervous system
d) Autonomic nervous system
e) Parasympathetic nervous system - CORRECT ANSWER-c) Somatic nervous system
