CHAPTER 7 TEST BANK:
MICROBIOLOGY EXAM WITH
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS 2025/2026
1) A(n) (operon/codon/gene) is a specific sequence of nucleotides that codes for a
protein or an RNA molecule. - correct answergene
1) All of the following are associated with nucleic acid structure EXCEPT
A) ribose.
B) hydrogen bonds.
C) uracil.
D) ionic bonds.
E) phosphate. - correct answerD) ionic bonds.
1) Prokaryotic cells are diploid. - correct answerFALSE
10) Acridine dyes distort the structure of DNA causing
(frameshift/missense/nonsense) mutations in gene sequences. (Answer in terms
of the effect on gene function.) - correct answerframeshift
10) Nucleotide analog mutagens cause (deletion/frameshift/point) mutations. -
correct answerpoint
11) A(n) (genome/codon/operon) is a set of prokaryotic genes that are regulated
and transcribed as a unit. - correct answeroperon
12) A codon is a particular combination of three nucleotides. Therefore, there are
________ possible combinations of the nucleotides A, C, G, and T.
, A) 16
B) 4
C) 12
D) 64
E) 32 - correct answerD) 64
12) The (leading/lagging/replicating) strand is the DNA strand that is synthesized
continuously during DNA replication. - correct answerleading
13) The full set of genetic instructions of an organism is its
(phenotype/genome/genotype). - correct answergenotype
14) Errors made during replication are primarily corrected by (base-
excision/mismatch/nucleotide-excision) repair. - correct answermismatch
15) While studying a bacterial strain, a scientist notes a short DNA sequence
between inverted repeats is present in both the chromosome and a plasmid
within the cell. This sequence is most likely a(n) (phage/transposon/F plasmid). -
correct answertransposon
2) Loosely packed, transcriptionally active regions of a eukaryotic chromosome
are called (euchromatin/heterochromatin/nucleosomes). - correct
answereuchromatin
26) Which of the following mechanisms normally repairs pyrimidine dimers?
A) base-excision repair
B) light repair
C) single-strand repair
D) error-prone repair
E) SOS response repair - correct answerB) light repair
3) Bacterial chromosomes typically have several origins of replication. - correct
answerFALSE
3) Transfer of DNA between bacterial cells by viruses is called
(transformation/transduction/conjugation). - correct answertransduction
MICROBIOLOGY EXAM WITH
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS 2025/2026
1) A(n) (operon/codon/gene) is a specific sequence of nucleotides that codes for a
protein or an RNA molecule. - correct answergene
1) All of the following are associated with nucleic acid structure EXCEPT
A) ribose.
B) hydrogen bonds.
C) uracil.
D) ionic bonds.
E) phosphate. - correct answerD) ionic bonds.
1) Prokaryotic cells are diploid. - correct answerFALSE
10) Acridine dyes distort the structure of DNA causing
(frameshift/missense/nonsense) mutations in gene sequences. (Answer in terms
of the effect on gene function.) - correct answerframeshift
10) Nucleotide analog mutagens cause (deletion/frameshift/point) mutations. -
correct answerpoint
11) A(n) (genome/codon/operon) is a set of prokaryotic genes that are regulated
and transcribed as a unit. - correct answeroperon
12) A codon is a particular combination of three nucleotides. Therefore, there are
________ possible combinations of the nucleotides A, C, G, and T.
, A) 16
B) 4
C) 12
D) 64
E) 32 - correct answerD) 64
12) The (leading/lagging/replicating) strand is the DNA strand that is synthesized
continuously during DNA replication. - correct answerleading
13) The full set of genetic instructions of an organism is its
(phenotype/genome/genotype). - correct answergenotype
14) Errors made during replication are primarily corrected by (base-
excision/mismatch/nucleotide-excision) repair. - correct answermismatch
15) While studying a bacterial strain, a scientist notes a short DNA sequence
between inverted repeats is present in both the chromosome and a plasmid
within the cell. This sequence is most likely a(n) (phage/transposon/F plasmid). -
correct answertransposon
2) Loosely packed, transcriptionally active regions of a eukaryotic chromosome
are called (euchromatin/heterochromatin/nucleosomes). - correct
answereuchromatin
26) Which of the following mechanisms normally repairs pyrimidine dimers?
A) base-excision repair
B) light repair
C) single-strand repair
D) error-prone repair
E) SOS response repair - correct answerB) light repair
3) Bacterial chromosomes typically have several origins of replication. - correct
answerFALSE
3) Transfer of DNA between bacterial cells by viruses is called
(transformation/transduction/conjugation). - correct answertransduction
