Patient Scenarios Advanced Health Assessment Nur 634
GCU Exam Questions with Correct Answers 2025/2026
Microcytic iron deficiency anemia - CORRECT ANSWER -Patient comes in complaining of fatigue
and is pale. Patient is vegan. Provider draws a CBC, total iron binding capacity test, and a serum
iron level. TIBC is high, ferritin is low, and serum iron is low. What are you diagnosing the patient
with?
Normocytic normochromic anemia - CORRECT ANSWER -Patient comes into the ED after a MVA.
The patient is complaining of severe stomach pain. The provider lifts the patient's shirt to
discolored abdomen that is firm, and tender to the touch. The provider draws a CBC. The
patients hemoglobin is 6 mg/dl but the MCV and MCH are normal. What is the patients
diagnosis?
Renal insufficiency - CORRECT ANSWER -what is another condition that causes normochromic
normocytic anemia?
Macrocytic anemia (B12/folate deficiency/pernicious anemia). - CORRECT ANSWER -Patient
comes into clinic complaining of fatigue and numbness and tingling in the hands and feet. After
doing an extensive history and physical, the patient admits to being a bit of a drinker. He also
complains of a red beefy tongue that has been bothering him for a while now. What diagnosis
are you going to give him?
Gram positive bacteria - CORRECT ANSWER -Staphylococcus aureus
Strep pneumoniae
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Clostridioides difficile
Gram negative bacteria - CORRECT ANSWER -Escherichia Coli
,Helicobacter pylori
Neisseria Meningitidis
Klebsiella pneumoniae
UTI/ cystitis/ MCC e.coli - CORRECT ANSWER -7yo diabetic, female has a fever of an unknown
origin. Mom says she has been complaining of pain with urination and her urine has blood in it.
Mom states patient has been wetting the bed again which she hasn't done since she was 4yo
(enuresis). What's the diagnosis? What's most likely the cause?
R/O STI such as herpes lesions - CORRECT ANSWER -17yo sexually active female has a fever of
an unknown origin. Patient complains of burning with urination. The provider obtains a UA and
there aren't any WBC, leukocytes esterase, nitrates (gram neg rods) or signs of a UTI. What
diagnosis should you consider?
Patient w HTN
Boys with first UTI
Girls with first UTI <3yo
Children w febrile or recurrent utis - CORRECT ANSWER -When should a renal US be done on a
patient with a UTI?
Amoxicillin (Augmentin) - CORRECT ANSWER -first line treatment for UTI in pregnant women?
Nitrofuratoin (doesn't treat infections that extend beyond the bladder)
Bactrim (check renal fxn) - CORRECT ANSWER -First line drug to treat uncomplicated UTI?
Levofloxacin (Levaquin) - CORRECT ANSWER -Which medication should be avoided if possible in
athletes because it puts patients at risk for tendon rupture?
, UTI in pregnant women
UTI in men
Complicated UTI
*culture urine* - CORRECT ANSWER -What kinds of utis should be treated for 10-14 days?
(normal UTI treatment 3-7 days)
Bactrim
Phenytoin - CORRECT ANSWER -what medications can you not give to pregnant women?
Acute pyleonephritis - CORRECT ANSWER -Patient comes into the clinic looking quite ill. The
patient presents with a fever, N/V, CVA tenderness, flank pain, dysuria, and hematuria. What is
your diagnosis?
Levofloxacin (levaquin) 750mg PO daily for five days
Ciprofloxacin 500 mg PO BID for 7 days
Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim) 160/800 (1 tab) BID for 14 days
**nitrofuratoin will NOT penetrate the kidneys** - CORRECT ANSWER -First line medication to
treat pyleonephritis
Micro= 3,000-4,ooo rbcs/ min excreted in the urine
Macro= 1,000,000 RBC/ min excreted (3x more than micro!!) - CORRECT ANSWER -Microscopic
vs macroscopic hematuria
The presence of these casts can be see in a UA and indicate glomerular injury seen in
pyleonepritis and post strep glomerulonepritis. - CORRECT ANSWER -what do the presence of
RBC casts in the urine indicate?
Urolithiasis (urinary stones)/ Nephrolitiasis (kidney stones)
GCU Exam Questions with Correct Answers 2025/2026
Microcytic iron deficiency anemia - CORRECT ANSWER -Patient comes in complaining of fatigue
and is pale. Patient is vegan. Provider draws a CBC, total iron binding capacity test, and a serum
iron level. TIBC is high, ferritin is low, and serum iron is low. What are you diagnosing the patient
with?
Normocytic normochromic anemia - CORRECT ANSWER -Patient comes into the ED after a MVA.
The patient is complaining of severe stomach pain. The provider lifts the patient's shirt to
discolored abdomen that is firm, and tender to the touch. The provider draws a CBC. The
patients hemoglobin is 6 mg/dl but the MCV and MCH are normal. What is the patients
diagnosis?
Renal insufficiency - CORRECT ANSWER -what is another condition that causes normochromic
normocytic anemia?
Macrocytic anemia (B12/folate deficiency/pernicious anemia). - CORRECT ANSWER -Patient
comes into clinic complaining of fatigue and numbness and tingling in the hands and feet. After
doing an extensive history and physical, the patient admits to being a bit of a drinker. He also
complains of a red beefy tongue that has been bothering him for a while now. What diagnosis
are you going to give him?
Gram positive bacteria - CORRECT ANSWER -Staphylococcus aureus
Strep pneumoniae
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Clostridioides difficile
Gram negative bacteria - CORRECT ANSWER -Escherichia Coli
,Helicobacter pylori
Neisseria Meningitidis
Klebsiella pneumoniae
UTI/ cystitis/ MCC e.coli - CORRECT ANSWER -7yo diabetic, female has a fever of an unknown
origin. Mom says she has been complaining of pain with urination and her urine has blood in it.
Mom states patient has been wetting the bed again which she hasn't done since she was 4yo
(enuresis). What's the diagnosis? What's most likely the cause?
R/O STI such as herpes lesions - CORRECT ANSWER -17yo sexually active female has a fever of
an unknown origin. Patient complains of burning with urination. The provider obtains a UA and
there aren't any WBC, leukocytes esterase, nitrates (gram neg rods) or signs of a UTI. What
diagnosis should you consider?
Patient w HTN
Boys with first UTI
Girls with first UTI <3yo
Children w febrile or recurrent utis - CORRECT ANSWER -When should a renal US be done on a
patient with a UTI?
Amoxicillin (Augmentin) - CORRECT ANSWER -first line treatment for UTI in pregnant women?
Nitrofuratoin (doesn't treat infections that extend beyond the bladder)
Bactrim (check renal fxn) - CORRECT ANSWER -First line drug to treat uncomplicated UTI?
Levofloxacin (Levaquin) - CORRECT ANSWER -Which medication should be avoided if possible in
athletes because it puts patients at risk for tendon rupture?
, UTI in pregnant women
UTI in men
Complicated UTI
*culture urine* - CORRECT ANSWER -What kinds of utis should be treated for 10-14 days?
(normal UTI treatment 3-7 days)
Bactrim
Phenytoin - CORRECT ANSWER -what medications can you not give to pregnant women?
Acute pyleonephritis - CORRECT ANSWER -Patient comes into the clinic looking quite ill. The
patient presents with a fever, N/V, CVA tenderness, flank pain, dysuria, and hematuria. What is
your diagnosis?
Levofloxacin (levaquin) 750mg PO daily for five days
Ciprofloxacin 500 mg PO BID for 7 days
Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim) 160/800 (1 tab) BID for 14 days
**nitrofuratoin will NOT penetrate the kidneys** - CORRECT ANSWER -First line medication to
treat pyleonephritis
Micro= 3,000-4,ooo rbcs/ min excreted in the urine
Macro= 1,000,000 RBC/ min excreted (3x more than micro!!) - CORRECT ANSWER -Microscopic
vs macroscopic hematuria
The presence of these casts can be see in a UA and indicate glomerular injury seen in
pyleonepritis and post strep glomerulonepritis. - CORRECT ANSWER -what do the presence of
RBC casts in the urine indicate?
Urolithiasis (urinary stones)/ Nephrolitiasis (kidney stones)
