ATI MH-Unit 4 + 5 Study Guide (Latest
2026/2027 Update) With Detailed
Solutions-William Carey University
Document Contains
Chapter 21 – Care of Clients who are dying or
grieving-pg. 1
Chapter 22 – MH Issues of Children +
Adolescents-pg. 3
Chapter 23 – Suicide: ---------pg. 8
Chapter 25 – family + community violence:
pg.12
Chapter 21 – Care of Clients who are dying or grieving
Grief, Loss, and Bereavement:
• Grief – inner emotional response to loss
• Mourning – outward expression of grief
1
, • Bereavement – encompasses both grief + mourning, can
lead to depression
• End of life care – meets physical and psychosocial needs,
includes palliative care.
Types of Loss:
• Necessary: Part of life cycle
• Actual: Loss of a person/item
• Perceived: Personal loss not obvious to others
• Maturational: Expected with development
• Situational: Unanticipated loss (e.g., disaster) Theories of
Loss:
• Kübler-Ross (5 Stages): Denial, Anger, Bargaining,
Depression, Acceptance
• Bowlby (4 Stages): Numbness, Disequilibrium, Despair,
Reorganization
• Engel (5 Stages): Shock, Awareness, Rituals, Resolution,
Recovery
• Worden (4 Tasks): Accept, Process, Adjust, reconnect
while moving forward
Developmental Understanding of Death:
• Infant/Toddler: Crying, regression
• Preschooler: Confused about death, repetitive questions
School-age: Understands irreversibility, emotional swings
2
, • Adolescent: Understands death, may act out or become
depressed
Grief Types:
• Normal grief: Anger, guilt, somatic symptoms, resolved
by ~6 months
• Anticipatory grief: Grieving before the loss occurs
• Complicated grief: Prolonged, intense grief impacting
function
Types of complicated Grief:
• Delayed/inhibited: No expected grief behaviors
• Distorted/exaggerated: Intense emotions, functional
impairment
• Chronic: Persistent denial, can't resume daily life
• Disenfranchised: Not socially acceptable (e.g., suicide,
abortion)
• Prolonged grief disorder: Persistent yearning, identity
confusion, ↑ suicide risk
Nursing Interventions:
• Allow time to grieve, education of process, normalize
emotions
3
2026/2027 Update) With Detailed
Solutions-William Carey University
Document Contains
Chapter 21 – Care of Clients who are dying or
grieving-pg. 1
Chapter 22 – MH Issues of Children +
Adolescents-pg. 3
Chapter 23 – Suicide: ---------pg. 8
Chapter 25 – family + community violence:
pg.12
Chapter 21 – Care of Clients who are dying or grieving
Grief, Loss, and Bereavement:
• Grief – inner emotional response to loss
• Mourning – outward expression of grief
1
, • Bereavement – encompasses both grief + mourning, can
lead to depression
• End of life care – meets physical and psychosocial needs,
includes palliative care.
Types of Loss:
• Necessary: Part of life cycle
• Actual: Loss of a person/item
• Perceived: Personal loss not obvious to others
• Maturational: Expected with development
• Situational: Unanticipated loss (e.g., disaster) Theories of
Loss:
• Kübler-Ross (5 Stages): Denial, Anger, Bargaining,
Depression, Acceptance
• Bowlby (4 Stages): Numbness, Disequilibrium, Despair,
Reorganization
• Engel (5 Stages): Shock, Awareness, Rituals, Resolution,
Recovery
• Worden (4 Tasks): Accept, Process, Adjust, reconnect
while moving forward
Developmental Understanding of Death:
• Infant/Toddler: Crying, regression
• Preschooler: Confused about death, repetitive questions
School-age: Understands irreversibility, emotional swings
2
, • Adolescent: Understands death, may act out or become
depressed
Grief Types:
• Normal grief: Anger, guilt, somatic symptoms, resolved
by ~6 months
• Anticipatory grief: Grieving before the loss occurs
• Complicated grief: Prolonged, intense grief impacting
function
Types of complicated Grief:
• Delayed/inhibited: No expected grief behaviors
• Distorted/exaggerated: Intense emotions, functional
impairment
• Chronic: Persistent denial, can't resume daily life
• Disenfranchised: Not socially acceptable (e.g., suicide,
abortion)
• Prolonged grief disorder: Persistent yearning, identity
confusion, ↑ suicide risk
Nursing Interventions:
• Allow time to grieve, education of process, normalize
emotions
3
