bio 111 exam 2 UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and
CORRECT Answers
-Membranes made of a phospholipid bilayer
create a separation between the cell an the
external environment
-They are selectively permeable - regulate the
why are plasma membranes important?
transport of materials in and out of the cell
-They define the cell's boundary
-Cell to cell communication
-Localization of structures
-Compartmentilization (provide a suitable
environment such as pH, localized molecules, etc.)
-allows for different reactions, which could be
incompatible, to still take place simultaneously,
why are cellular membranes important?
which makes the cell more efficient.
-Provides surface area and specific enzymes for
organelle-specific reactions to occur
(photosynthesis)
extracellular matrix.
-the extracellular matrix is a three-dimensional
structure made up of proteins and complex
what is outside of the plasma membrane in carbohydrates whose general function is to
animal cells? provide structural and communication support
between cells.
-the ECM is largely made up of enzymes,
collagen, and glycoproteins
, the cell wall
-the cell wall is made up of cellulose fibers that
form a mesh like structure for the cell.
what is outside of the plasma membrane in -cellulose is a polysaccharide chain of glucose (a
plant cells? carb)
-it isn't inpenetrable
-the middle layer between the cell membrane and
the cell wall is called the lamela
-the phospholipid bilayer is amphipathic, meaning
they have hydrophilic heads and hydrophobic tails
causing it to form a bilayer.
-the bilayer is selectively permeable, allowing
some passage of materials while blocking others,
What is the role of the phospholipid bilayer this allows for the regulation of materials into and
in determining the structure of the out of the cell
membrane and the passage of materials -it's what defines the cell's boundary
into and out of the cell? -they are asymmetrical - carbohydrate chains are
attached on the external while peripheral proteins
are attached on the internal
-they are typically highly similar to other cells in
their structure, allowing them to fuse together and
communicate easily.
Membrane proteins are what distinguishes one
cellular membrane from another.
-integral/transmembrane proteins: embedded
What is the role of membrane proteins in within the cell membrane. Most span the whole
determining the structure of the membrane membrane, tho some only protrude on one end.
and the passage of materials into and out Have a hydrophobic core region.
of the cell? What two major types of -peripheral proteins: only on the cytoplasmic side
membrane proteins are important to know of the protein
for this class? How are these proteins held
in place? -the proteins are held in place by protein fibers
within the cytoskeleton on the cytoplasmic side
and by the proteins in the ECM on the external
side in animal cells
What is the role of membrane proteins and phosphoplipids with an attached glucose are called glycoproteins and
carbohydrates (glycoproteins and glycolipids.
glycolipids) in determining the structure of -the pattern and presence of are what creates a cell's fingerprint - they are highly
the membrane and the passage of varied from each other (in number, sequence, branched or not) which is very
materials into and out of the cell? important in cell identification
Tissue transplants are rejected because the immune system recognizes these chains
What is a human body example of the role
as not the same pattern as its own. They also form the basis of A, B, and O blood
of glycoproteins and glycolipids?
types.
CORRECT Answers
-Membranes made of a phospholipid bilayer
create a separation between the cell an the
external environment
-They are selectively permeable - regulate the
why are plasma membranes important?
transport of materials in and out of the cell
-They define the cell's boundary
-Cell to cell communication
-Localization of structures
-Compartmentilization (provide a suitable
environment such as pH, localized molecules, etc.)
-allows for different reactions, which could be
incompatible, to still take place simultaneously,
why are cellular membranes important?
which makes the cell more efficient.
-Provides surface area and specific enzymes for
organelle-specific reactions to occur
(photosynthesis)
extracellular matrix.
-the extracellular matrix is a three-dimensional
structure made up of proteins and complex
what is outside of the plasma membrane in carbohydrates whose general function is to
animal cells? provide structural and communication support
between cells.
-the ECM is largely made up of enzymes,
collagen, and glycoproteins
, the cell wall
-the cell wall is made up of cellulose fibers that
form a mesh like structure for the cell.
what is outside of the plasma membrane in -cellulose is a polysaccharide chain of glucose (a
plant cells? carb)
-it isn't inpenetrable
-the middle layer between the cell membrane and
the cell wall is called the lamela
-the phospholipid bilayer is amphipathic, meaning
they have hydrophilic heads and hydrophobic tails
causing it to form a bilayer.
-the bilayer is selectively permeable, allowing
some passage of materials while blocking others,
What is the role of the phospholipid bilayer this allows for the regulation of materials into and
in determining the structure of the out of the cell
membrane and the passage of materials -it's what defines the cell's boundary
into and out of the cell? -they are asymmetrical - carbohydrate chains are
attached on the external while peripheral proteins
are attached on the internal
-they are typically highly similar to other cells in
their structure, allowing them to fuse together and
communicate easily.
Membrane proteins are what distinguishes one
cellular membrane from another.
-integral/transmembrane proteins: embedded
What is the role of membrane proteins in within the cell membrane. Most span the whole
determining the structure of the membrane membrane, tho some only protrude on one end.
and the passage of materials into and out Have a hydrophobic core region.
of the cell? What two major types of -peripheral proteins: only on the cytoplasmic side
membrane proteins are important to know of the protein
for this class? How are these proteins held
in place? -the proteins are held in place by protein fibers
within the cytoskeleton on the cytoplasmic side
and by the proteins in the ECM on the external
side in animal cells
What is the role of membrane proteins and phosphoplipids with an attached glucose are called glycoproteins and
carbohydrates (glycoproteins and glycolipids.
glycolipids) in determining the structure of -the pattern and presence of are what creates a cell's fingerprint - they are highly
the membrane and the passage of varied from each other (in number, sequence, branched or not) which is very
materials into and out of the cell? important in cell identification
Tissue transplants are rejected because the immune system recognizes these chains
What is a human body example of the role
as not the same pattern as its own. They also form the basis of A, B, and O blood
of glycoproteins and glycolipids?
types.
