BIO 111 Final Exam UPDATED ACTUAL
Questions and CORRECT Answers
7 Characteristics of Life - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. Cells are the simplest units of life
2. Living organisms use energy
3. Living organisms interact with their environment
4. Living organisms maintain homeostasis
5. Living organisms grow and develop
6. The genetic material provides a blueprint for reproduction
7. Populations of organisms evolve from one generation to the next
Principles of Biology (8-12) - CORRECT ANSWER - 8. All species are related by
evolutionary history
9. Structure determines function
10. New properties of life emerge from complex interactions
11. Biology is an experimental science
12. Biology affects our society
Scientific Method - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. Observations
2. Hypothesis
3. Experimentation
4. Data
5. Conclusion
Hypothesis - CORRECT ANSWER - Proposed explanation based on previous
observations (trees dropping their leaves).
Theory - CORRECT ANSWER - Broad explanation of some aspect of the natural world
from a large body of evidence. It allows predictions but can never be proven true
,Cystic Fibrosis - CORRECT ANSWER - Mucus in the lungs.
Discovery based sciences used to find CF gene. This lead to experiments to test the hypothesis
Natural Selection - CORRECT ANSWER - Amplifies variations that arise randomly
Descent with modification: Evolution based on... - CORRECT ANSWER - variation
within a given species and natural selection
Modern synthesis of evolution - CORRECT ANSWER - Natural variation exists that is
caused by random changes in the genetic material.
If genetic change/mutation promotes an individual's survival, natural selection may increase the
prevalence of that trait in future generations.
Phenotype - CORRECT ANSWER - The characteristics of an organism that are the result
of the expression of its genes
5 areas of evidence which support evolution - CORRECT ANSWER - -Studies of natural
selection
-Fossil Record
-Biogeography
-Convergent evolution
-Selective Breeding
Biogeography - CORRECT ANSWER - Unique species found on islands and other remote
areas have arisen because the species in these locations have evolved in isolation from the rest of
the world.
Atoms are made up of - CORRECT ANSWER - Neutrons, protons, electrons
,Atomic Number - CORRECT ANSWER - Determined by the number of protons in an
element
Periodic table is organized by - CORRECT ANSWER - atomic number
Periodic table: rows - CORRECT ANSWER - number of electron shells
Periodic table: columns - CORRECT ANSWER - from left to right, indicate the numbers
of electrons in the outer shell
Essential elements that make up almost all living matter - CORRECT ANSWER - Carbon,
nitrogen, oxygen and hydrogen
covalent bonds - CORRECT ANSWER - atoms share a pair of electrons. occurs between
atoms whose outer electron shells are not full
What type of chemical bond is the strongest? - CORRECT ANSWER - covalent bond
Polar covalent bonds - CORRECT ANSWER - the distribution of electrons around the
atoms creates a difference in electric charge
Example of a polar covalent bond - CORRECT ANSWER - Water
Hydrogen Bonds - CORRECT ANSWER - very important for life they are weak polar
covalent bonds that include a bond between H on a polar molecule and the electronegative part
of another
Ionic Bonds - CORRECT ANSWER - one atom is much more electronegative than the
other ("steals" electron)
, Ion - CORRECT ANSWER - an atom or molecule that has gained or lost one or more
electrons
Solvent - CORRECT ANSWER - liquid
Solutes - CORRECT ANSWER - substances dissolved in solvent
Aqueous solution - CORRECT ANSWER - water is the solvent
Hydrophillic - CORRECT ANSWER - Water-loving: readily dissolve in water, ions and
molecules that contain polar covalent bonds (salts, sugars)
Hydrophobic - CORRECT ANSWER - Water-fearing: do not readily dissolve in water,
nonpolar molecules like hydrocarbon (vegetable oils)
Amphipathic Molecule - CORRECT ANSWER - Have both polar or ionized regions at
one or more sites and nonpolar regions at other sites. They may form micelles in water
Isotopes are atoms of the same element but differ in the number of.... - CORRECT
ANSWER - Neutrons
Hydrolysis - CORRECT ANSWER - Water used to break apart another molecule
Specific Heat - CORRECT ANSWER - amount of energy it takes to raise the temperature
of 1g of a substance 1C. WATER
Properties of Water due to Hydrogen Bonding - CORRECT ANSWER - Cohesion,
adhesion, and surface tension.
Questions and CORRECT Answers
7 Characteristics of Life - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. Cells are the simplest units of life
2. Living organisms use energy
3. Living organisms interact with their environment
4. Living organisms maintain homeostasis
5. Living organisms grow and develop
6. The genetic material provides a blueprint for reproduction
7. Populations of organisms evolve from one generation to the next
Principles of Biology (8-12) - CORRECT ANSWER - 8. All species are related by
evolutionary history
9. Structure determines function
10. New properties of life emerge from complex interactions
11. Biology is an experimental science
12. Biology affects our society
Scientific Method - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. Observations
2. Hypothesis
3. Experimentation
4. Data
5. Conclusion
Hypothesis - CORRECT ANSWER - Proposed explanation based on previous
observations (trees dropping their leaves).
Theory - CORRECT ANSWER - Broad explanation of some aspect of the natural world
from a large body of evidence. It allows predictions but can never be proven true
,Cystic Fibrosis - CORRECT ANSWER - Mucus in the lungs.
Discovery based sciences used to find CF gene. This lead to experiments to test the hypothesis
Natural Selection - CORRECT ANSWER - Amplifies variations that arise randomly
Descent with modification: Evolution based on... - CORRECT ANSWER - variation
within a given species and natural selection
Modern synthesis of evolution - CORRECT ANSWER - Natural variation exists that is
caused by random changes in the genetic material.
If genetic change/mutation promotes an individual's survival, natural selection may increase the
prevalence of that trait in future generations.
Phenotype - CORRECT ANSWER - The characteristics of an organism that are the result
of the expression of its genes
5 areas of evidence which support evolution - CORRECT ANSWER - -Studies of natural
selection
-Fossil Record
-Biogeography
-Convergent evolution
-Selective Breeding
Biogeography - CORRECT ANSWER - Unique species found on islands and other remote
areas have arisen because the species in these locations have evolved in isolation from the rest of
the world.
Atoms are made up of - CORRECT ANSWER - Neutrons, protons, electrons
,Atomic Number - CORRECT ANSWER - Determined by the number of protons in an
element
Periodic table is organized by - CORRECT ANSWER - atomic number
Periodic table: rows - CORRECT ANSWER - number of electron shells
Periodic table: columns - CORRECT ANSWER - from left to right, indicate the numbers
of electrons in the outer shell
Essential elements that make up almost all living matter - CORRECT ANSWER - Carbon,
nitrogen, oxygen and hydrogen
covalent bonds - CORRECT ANSWER - atoms share a pair of electrons. occurs between
atoms whose outer electron shells are not full
What type of chemical bond is the strongest? - CORRECT ANSWER - covalent bond
Polar covalent bonds - CORRECT ANSWER - the distribution of electrons around the
atoms creates a difference in electric charge
Example of a polar covalent bond - CORRECT ANSWER - Water
Hydrogen Bonds - CORRECT ANSWER - very important for life they are weak polar
covalent bonds that include a bond between H on a polar molecule and the electronegative part
of another
Ionic Bonds - CORRECT ANSWER - one atom is much more electronegative than the
other ("steals" electron)
, Ion - CORRECT ANSWER - an atom or molecule that has gained or lost one or more
electrons
Solvent - CORRECT ANSWER - liquid
Solutes - CORRECT ANSWER - substances dissolved in solvent
Aqueous solution - CORRECT ANSWER - water is the solvent
Hydrophillic - CORRECT ANSWER - Water-loving: readily dissolve in water, ions and
molecules that contain polar covalent bonds (salts, sugars)
Hydrophobic - CORRECT ANSWER - Water-fearing: do not readily dissolve in water,
nonpolar molecules like hydrocarbon (vegetable oils)
Amphipathic Molecule - CORRECT ANSWER - Have both polar or ionized regions at
one or more sites and nonpolar regions at other sites. They may form micelles in water
Isotopes are atoms of the same element but differ in the number of.... - CORRECT
ANSWER - Neutrons
Hydrolysis - CORRECT ANSWER - Water used to break apart another molecule
Specific Heat - CORRECT ANSWER - amount of energy it takes to raise the temperature
of 1g of a substance 1C. WATER
Properties of Water due to Hydrogen Bonding - CORRECT ANSWER - Cohesion,
adhesion, and surface tension.
