GCU NUR-635 Mid-Term EXAM LATEST
2025/2026 ACTUAL SEMESTER EXAM
GRADED A+
Pharmacology - CORRECT ANSWER-Study of drugs and their structure, targets of action,
mechanism of action (MOA), distribution (hot the body disburses them throughout the body),
desired physiologic effects (efficacy) and undesirable side effects (toxicity)
Pharmacokinetics includes - CORRECT ANSWER-ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism,
and elimination)
Pharmacokinetics term 'absorption' refers to the: - CORRECT ANSWER-absorption from the
administration site either directly or indirectly into the blood/plasma
Pharmacokinetics term 'distribution' refers to - CORRECT ANSWER-reversibly/irreversibly
movement of drug from the bloodstream into the interstitial and intracellular fluid
Pharmacokinetics term 'metabolism' refers to - CORRECT ANSWER-drug biotransformation via
metabolic pathways, primarily the liver, or by other tissues
Pharmacokinetics term 'elimination' refers to - CORRECT ANSWER-how parent drug and its
metabolites are eliminated from the body
What factors impact absorption? Choose all that apply
a. Gastrointestinal pH changes
b. bile acids & biliary function
, c. membrane permeability
d. GI flora
e. food & nutrient interactions - CORRECT ANSWER-Correct answer: a, b, d,e
*Complete list of what factors influence absorption:
a. Gastrointestinal pH changes
b. gastric emptying
c. gastric/intestinal enzymes
d. bile acids & biliary function
e. GI flora (type and quantity of bacteria)
f. food & nutrient interactions (most common interaction influencing GI drug absorption)
g. lipid solubility of the drug
Distribution (pertaining to pharmacokinetics) - identify the incorrect statement:
A. Membrane permeability - crosses membrane to site of action
B. Blood brain barrier reduces the speed of drug passage into and out of brain tissue
C. Plasma protein binding: drugs bound to plasma proteins can cross membranes
D. Aging causes a reduction in production of plasma proteins
E. Lipophilicity of drug: lipophilic drugs concentrate in adipose tissue and remain in the body for
a shorter period of time - CORRECT ANSWER-Correct answer: C, E
A. Membrane permeability - crosses membrane to site of action
B. Blood brain barrier reduces the speed of drug passage into and out of brain tissue
C. Plasma protein binding: drugs bound to plasma proteins do not cross membranes (Note:
malnutrition = reduced albumin = increased free drug = greater pharmacologic response)
D. Aging causes a reduction in production of plasma proteins
2025/2026 ACTUAL SEMESTER EXAM
GRADED A+
Pharmacology - CORRECT ANSWER-Study of drugs and their structure, targets of action,
mechanism of action (MOA), distribution (hot the body disburses them throughout the body),
desired physiologic effects (efficacy) and undesirable side effects (toxicity)
Pharmacokinetics includes - CORRECT ANSWER-ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism,
and elimination)
Pharmacokinetics term 'absorption' refers to the: - CORRECT ANSWER-absorption from the
administration site either directly or indirectly into the blood/plasma
Pharmacokinetics term 'distribution' refers to - CORRECT ANSWER-reversibly/irreversibly
movement of drug from the bloodstream into the interstitial and intracellular fluid
Pharmacokinetics term 'metabolism' refers to - CORRECT ANSWER-drug biotransformation via
metabolic pathways, primarily the liver, or by other tissues
Pharmacokinetics term 'elimination' refers to - CORRECT ANSWER-how parent drug and its
metabolites are eliminated from the body
What factors impact absorption? Choose all that apply
a. Gastrointestinal pH changes
b. bile acids & biliary function
, c. membrane permeability
d. GI flora
e. food & nutrient interactions - CORRECT ANSWER-Correct answer: a, b, d,e
*Complete list of what factors influence absorption:
a. Gastrointestinal pH changes
b. gastric emptying
c. gastric/intestinal enzymes
d. bile acids & biliary function
e. GI flora (type and quantity of bacteria)
f. food & nutrient interactions (most common interaction influencing GI drug absorption)
g. lipid solubility of the drug
Distribution (pertaining to pharmacokinetics) - identify the incorrect statement:
A. Membrane permeability - crosses membrane to site of action
B. Blood brain barrier reduces the speed of drug passage into and out of brain tissue
C. Plasma protein binding: drugs bound to plasma proteins can cross membranes
D. Aging causes a reduction in production of plasma proteins
E. Lipophilicity of drug: lipophilic drugs concentrate in adipose tissue and remain in the body for
a shorter period of time - CORRECT ANSWER-Correct answer: C, E
A. Membrane permeability - crosses membrane to site of action
B. Blood brain barrier reduces the speed of drug passage into and out of brain tissue
C. Plasma protein binding: drugs bound to plasma proteins do not cross membranes (Note:
malnutrition = reduced albumin = increased free drug = greater pharmacologic response)
D. Aging causes a reduction in production of plasma proteins
