CAMPBELL-BIOLOGY-IN-FOCUS CHAPTERS 1-6
EXAM WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
1. Enantiomers - ANSWER isomers that are mirror images of
each other
2. isomers - ANSWER compounds that have the same number
of atoms of the same elements but different structures and
properties
3. polymer - ANSWER Long molecule consisting of many
similar or identical building blocks linked by covalent
bonds
4. dehydration reaction - ANSWER A chemical reaction in
which molecules combine by removing water
5. Hydrolysis - ANSWER Breaking down complex molecules
by the chemical addition of water
6. Monosaccharide - ANSWER A single sugar molecule such
as glucose or fructose, the simplest type of sugar.
,7. Disaccharide - ANSWER A double sugar, consisting of two
monosaccharides joined by dehydration synthesis and a
glycosidic linkage.
8. glycosidic linkage - ANSWER a type of covalent bond that
joins a carbohydrate (sugar) molecule to another group,
which may or may not be another carbohydrate.
9. triacylglycerol - ANSWER A lipid consisting of three fatty
acids linked to one glycerol molecule; also called a fat
10. saturated fatty acid - ANSWER A fatty acid in which
all carbons in the hydrocarbon tail are connected by single
bonds, thus maximizing the number of hydrogen atoms that
can attach to the carbon skeleton.
11. unsaturated fatty acid - ANSWER A fatty acid
possessing one or more double bonds between the carbons
in the hydrocarbon tail. Such bonding reduces the number
of hydrogen atoms attached to the carbon skeleton.
, 12. Pyrimidines - ANSWER has one six-membered ring
of carbon and nitrogen atoms (cytosine, thymine, uracil)
13. Purines - ANSWER Bases with a double-ring structure
(adenine, quanine)
14. sugar-phosphate backbone - ANSWER The alternating
chain of sugar and phosphate to which the DNA and RNA
nitrogenous bases are attached
15. Bioinformatics - ANSWER the use of computer
software and other computational tools that can handle and
analyze large data sets of genomes
16. genomics - ANSWER analyzing large sets of genes or
even comparing genomes of different species
17. Proteomics - ANSWER study of the structure and
function of proteins in the human body
18. electron microscope - ANSWER microscope that
forms an image by focusing beams of electrons onto a
specimen
EXAM WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
1. Enantiomers - ANSWER isomers that are mirror images of
each other
2. isomers - ANSWER compounds that have the same number
of atoms of the same elements but different structures and
properties
3. polymer - ANSWER Long molecule consisting of many
similar or identical building blocks linked by covalent
bonds
4. dehydration reaction - ANSWER A chemical reaction in
which molecules combine by removing water
5. Hydrolysis - ANSWER Breaking down complex molecules
by the chemical addition of water
6. Monosaccharide - ANSWER A single sugar molecule such
as glucose or fructose, the simplest type of sugar.
,7. Disaccharide - ANSWER A double sugar, consisting of two
monosaccharides joined by dehydration synthesis and a
glycosidic linkage.
8. glycosidic linkage - ANSWER a type of covalent bond that
joins a carbohydrate (sugar) molecule to another group,
which may or may not be another carbohydrate.
9. triacylglycerol - ANSWER A lipid consisting of three fatty
acids linked to one glycerol molecule; also called a fat
10. saturated fatty acid - ANSWER A fatty acid in which
all carbons in the hydrocarbon tail are connected by single
bonds, thus maximizing the number of hydrogen atoms that
can attach to the carbon skeleton.
11. unsaturated fatty acid - ANSWER A fatty acid
possessing one or more double bonds between the carbons
in the hydrocarbon tail. Such bonding reduces the number
of hydrogen atoms attached to the carbon skeleton.
, 12. Pyrimidines - ANSWER has one six-membered ring
of carbon and nitrogen atoms (cytosine, thymine, uracil)
13. Purines - ANSWER Bases with a double-ring structure
(adenine, quanine)
14. sugar-phosphate backbone - ANSWER The alternating
chain of sugar and phosphate to which the DNA and RNA
nitrogenous bases are attached
15. Bioinformatics - ANSWER the use of computer
software and other computational tools that can handle and
analyze large data sets of genomes
16. genomics - ANSWER analyzing large sets of genes or
even comparing genomes of different species
17. Proteomics - ANSWER study of the structure and
function of proteins in the human body
18. electron microscope - ANSWER microscope that
forms an image by focusing beams of electrons onto a
specimen
