COGSCI 115 LATEST
MIDTERM EXAM
Insecure attachment is related to heightened ____________ activity -
ANSWERS-adrenocortical (heart rate and skin conductance increase)
Ambivalent infants commonly exhibit ________ activation, might be
associated with _____(lower/higher) threshold of expression of negative
affect, _________(increase/decrease) in exploratory behavior -
ANSWERS-right frontal, lower, decrease
Avoidant infants commonly exhibit ________ activation, associated
with disposition to _____________ ___________ emotions -
ANSWERS-left frontal, suppress negative
"Learned helplessness" and development of depression - ANSWERS-
loss of mother at early age (before 11) increases later vulnerability to
depression
Who tends to be shy (behaviorally inhibited)? - ANSWERS-- genetic
factors: children with blue eyes, fair skin, and allergies
- common in Japan
- less common in Israel
END OF
PAGE
1
, COGSCI 115 LATEST
MIDTERM EXAM
Volume of ___________ is positively correlated with amount of time as
a taxi driver - ANSWERS-posterior hippocampus
Medical students studying for finals showed increased __________
density in the __________ and _________ regions - ANSWERS-gray
matter, parietal, hippocampal
Language learning: __________ density in the _____________ for
multilinguals is significantly greater - ANSWERS-gray matter, inferior
parietal cortex
Language learning: early bilinguals had a greater density of __________
relative to late bilinguals in the same region - ANSWERS-gray matter
Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy - ANSWERS-- type of therapy
used in stroke rehab
- patient's good arm is placed in a sling and her good hand in an oven
mitt
- forced use of paralyzed arm in daily activities
- causes parts of the brain responsible for producing movements of the
affected arm to almost double in size
END OF
PAGE
2
, COGSCI 115 LATEST
MIDTERM EXAM
CIMT's brain plasticity brain regions - ANSWERS-- adjacent region in
the motor cortex
- premotor cortex took over for damaged region of the motor cortex
- corresponding region of the motor cortex on other side took over, yet
with no apparent deficit in movement ability of the same side arm
hemispherectomy - ANSWERS-- neurological procedure where half of
the brain is removed
- used to treat severe epilepsy
Neuroplastic Changes in Response to Thoughts: learning to play an
instrument - ANSWERS-amount of space in somatosensory cortex
devoted to feelings from the digits of the left hand increase as people
practice playing the violin
Neuroplastic Changes in Response to Thoughts: imagery rehearsal
(athletes, performers) - ANSWERS-- simply imagining a physical
experience activates many of the same neural networks that are active
during the actual experience
END OF
PAGE
3
, COGSCI 115 LATEST
MIDTERM EXAM
- for someone who has learned a skill, even watching the activity will
activate the brain's internal simulation of it
- same neurological circuits are activated and the same type of LTP
takes place as during actual physical practice
Neuroplastic Changes in Response to Thoughts: mirror therapy -
ANSWERS-- used in stroke rehab/relieving phantom limb pain
- patient places intact limb on one side of the mirror and injured limb on
the other side
- reflection of the intact hand provides artificial visual feedback that the
"resurrected" limb is now moving easily when the patient moves his
good hand
- increased neural activity in prefrontal and posterior cingulate cortex
(executive function and attention) and primary motor area
Neuroplastic Changes in Response to Thoughts: meditation practice -
ANSWERS-- associated with effects such as attention, emotion
regulation, and compassion
- increased cortical thickness and density of gray matter
- high levels of gamma waves
END OF
PAGE
4
MIDTERM EXAM
Insecure attachment is related to heightened ____________ activity -
ANSWERS-adrenocortical (heart rate and skin conductance increase)
Ambivalent infants commonly exhibit ________ activation, might be
associated with _____(lower/higher) threshold of expression of negative
affect, _________(increase/decrease) in exploratory behavior -
ANSWERS-right frontal, lower, decrease
Avoidant infants commonly exhibit ________ activation, associated
with disposition to _____________ ___________ emotions -
ANSWERS-left frontal, suppress negative
"Learned helplessness" and development of depression - ANSWERS-
loss of mother at early age (before 11) increases later vulnerability to
depression
Who tends to be shy (behaviorally inhibited)? - ANSWERS-- genetic
factors: children with blue eyes, fair skin, and allergies
- common in Japan
- less common in Israel
END OF
PAGE
1
, COGSCI 115 LATEST
MIDTERM EXAM
Volume of ___________ is positively correlated with amount of time as
a taxi driver - ANSWERS-posterior hippocampus
Medical students studying for finals showed increased __________
density in the __________ and _________ regions - ANSWERS-gray
matter, parietal, hippocampal
Language learning: __________ density in the _____________ for
multilinguals is significantly greater - ANSWERS-gray matter, inferior
parietal cortex
Language learning: early bilinguals had a greater density of __________
relative to late bilinguals in the same region - ANSWERS-gray matter
Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy - ANSWERS-- type of therapy
used in stroke rehab
- patient's good arm is placed in a sling and her good hand in an oven
mitt
- forced use of paralyzed arm in daily activities
- causes parts of the brain responsible for producing movements of the
affected arm to almost double in size
END OF
PAGE
2
, COGSCI 115 LATEST
MIDTERM EXAM
CIMT's brain plasticity brain regions - ANSWERS-- adjacent region in
the motor cortex
- premotor cortex took over for damaged region of the motor cortex
- corresponding region of the motor cortex on other side took over, yet
with no apparent deficit in movement ability of the same side arm
hemispherectomy - ANSWERS-- neurological procedure where half of
the brain is removed
- used to treat severe epilepsy
Neuroplastic Changes in Response to Thoughts: learning to play an
instrument - ANSWERS-amount of space in somatosensory cortex
devoted to feelings from the digits of the left hand increase as people
practice playing the violin
Neuroplastic Changes in Response to Thoughts: imagery rehearsal
(athletes, performers) - ANSWERS-- simply imagining a physical
experience activates many of the same neural networks that are active
during the actual experience
END OF
PAGE
3
, COGSCI 115 LATEST
MIDTERM EXAM
- for someone who has learned a skill, even watching the activity will
activate the brain's internal simulation of it
- same neurological circuits are activated and the same type of LTP
takes place as during actual physical practice
Neuroplastic Changes in Response to Thoughts: mirror therapy -
ANSWERS-- used in stroke rehab/relieving phantom limb pain
- patient places intact limb on one side of the mirror and injured limb on
the other side
- reflection of the intact hand provides artificial visual feedback that the
"resurrected" limb is now moving easily when the patient moves his
good hand
- increased neural activity in prefrontal and posterior cingulate cortex
(executive function and attention) and primary motor area
Neuroplastic Changes in Response to Thoughts: meditation practice -
ANSWERS-- associated with effects such as attention, emotion
regulation, and compassion
- increased cortical thickness and density of gray matter
- high levels of gamma waves
END OF
PAGE
4
