NURS 461 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS|Sure to
Pass|Already Graded A+|Latest Release
1. **what is visceral pain?** Originating from interior organs Aching, Poorly localized, Often
accompanied by autonomic responses (vomiting, nausea, pallor, diaphoresis)
2. **what is obtuned?** limited response to the environment and falls asleep unless stimulated
3. **what is the incubation period for chicken pox?** 10-21 days
4. **what is the maximum recommended oxygen flow for NC in children?** 4 L/min
5. **what is a febrile seizure?** usually benign, but can be frightening - can be a sign of a dangerous
underlying infection, rarely seen in less than 6months or older than 5
6. **what is age appropriate pain assessment for teens?** concerned about body image and fear of
losing control may result in denying pain or refusing medication
7. **what is strabismus?** misalignment of the eyes
8. **what is nystagmus?** Involuntary movement of the eyeballs in an up/down, back/forth motion.
Interferes with head control.
9. **what is DTP?** diptheria, pertussis, tetanus
10. **what is age appropriate pain assessment for school-aged children?** will usually report type,
location, and severity b/c of their well-developed language skills
11. **what is neuropathic pain?** - pain that arises from abnormal or damaged pain nerves [e.g.,
phantom limb pain, pain below the level of a spinal cord injury, diabetic neuropathy]; - usually intense,
shooting, burning, or "pins and needles"
12. **what is chalazion?** chronic painless infection
13. **what is Reye's syndrome?** A rare syndrome of rapid liver degeneration and encephalitis in
children treated with aspirin during a viral infection
14. **what is confusion?** disorientation exists and may be alert, but responds inappropriately to
questions
15. **what is the incubation period of infectious disease?** time from entrance of pathogen to first
symptom, pathogen actively multiplying
16. **what is Arnold-Chiari malformation?** brain comes down farther than normal
17. **what is intracranial arteriovenous malformation** abnormal development of blood vessels, AMV's
that hemorrhage can lead to serious neurological deficits and death
1
,18. **what is craniosynostosis** premature closure of sutures (use helmet)
19. **what is stupor?** child only responds to vigorous stimulation
20. **what is hydrocephalus caused by?** imbalance in the production and absorption of CSF
21. **what is MMR?** mumps, measles, rubella
22. **what is a ketogenic diet?** high fat, low carb
23. **what is nociceptive pain?** normal processing of stimulus that damages normal tissue or has the
potential to do so if prolonged
24. **what is age-appropriate language for toddlers?** "owie" or "boo-boo"
25. **what is bacterial meningitis?** acute inflammation of the meninges and CSF, *sunlight is too
bright*
26. **what is digoxin used for?** HF, dysrhythmias
27. **what is chest physiotherapy?** using postural drainage, percussion, and vibration to promote
drainage of secretions from the lungs
28. **what is tell-tale indicator of Kawasaki disease?** strawberry tongue
29. **what is Kawasaki disease?** An autoimmune disease involving the inflammation of blood vessels,
lymph nodes, skin, and mucosa - initial symptom is a high fever, later symptoms include conjunctivitis,
rash, peeling, and edema
30. **what is infective endocarditis?** infection of the endocardium, usually secondary to bacterial or
other infectious causes
31. **what is a good indicator of cardiovascular disorders?** pulse oximetry
32. **what is aortic stenosis?** narrowed pulse pressure during assessment
33. **what is atrial septal defect?** Atrial septal defect is opening between the left and right atria,
usually close spontaneously
34. **what is cyanotic heart disease?** pulmonary stenosis causes baby to turn blue prevents
oxygenation of blood
35. **what are acquired cardiovascular disorders?** caused by infection
36. **what are congenital heart defects?** structural or functional defect of the heart or great vessels
that is present at birth, prematurity, alcohol and drug exposure, genetics, family Hx
37. **what is the ductus arteriosus?** vessel a growing fetus has that connects the pulmonary artery
with the aorta, instead of going to the lungs the blood goes to the body
38. **what happens if the ductus arteriosus doesn't close?** harsh, continuous machine-like murmur
under the left clavicle
39. **what is blepharitis?** inflammation of the eyelid
2
,40. **what is goniotomy?** removal of obstruction of the aqueous humor
41. **what is good therapeutic treatment for infantile glaucoma?** focused on surgical interventions
unlike adults
42. **what is a sign of cataracts?** they won't have the red eye reflex
43. **what is hordeolum?** Stye or infection of the sebaceous gland of the eye usually by staph. Tender
to palpation. Treat with anti staph antibiotics
44. **what is ambylopia?** lazy eye
45. **what is an important education point with PE tubes?** wearing ear plugs while swimming
46. **what can you use for a sty or plugged tear duct?** warm compress
47. **what is age appropriate pain assessment for preschoolers?** coaxed into discussing their pain b/c
they might think it's to be expected
48. **what is somatic pain?** originating from muscle, bone, joints, tendons, or blood vessels
49. **what is coma?** child cannot be aroused even with painful stimuli
50. **what is viral meningitis?** Viral infection of the meninges
51. **what is Kernig's sign** After flexing the hip and knee at 90 degree angles, pain and resistance are
noted.
52. **what is Brudzinski's neck sign?** patient's hips and knees flex when the neck is flexed due to
severe inflammation
53. **what is full consciousness?** consciousness in which you know and are able to report your mental
state
54. **what is prodromal period?** time from appearance of non-specific symptoms (fatigue, malaise)
to more specific symptoms
55. **what is tier one precaution?** standard precautions
56. **what is Exanthems** rash found in certain viral illnesses
57. **what is treatment for hydrocephalus** shunt
58. **what is important nutrition-wise for infants with HF?** they have increased metabolic rate and
need as much as 150 calories/kg/day
59. **what is gavage feeding?** Passing a feeding tube through the nose or mouth, down to the
esophagus, into the stomach.
60. **what is acrocyanosis?** cyanosis of hands and feet
61. **what are retractions?** Intercostals and or sternal retractions occur when the chest moves
inward during inspiratory efforts instead of outward This is due to a obstructed airway A sign of
respiratory distress in infants
3
, 62. **what does inspiratory stridor indicate?** croup
63. **what is indicative of sinusitis?** halitosis, bad breath
64. **what is important to educate for for Cystic Fibrosis?** take pancreatic enzymes!
65. **what is a key nursing intervention for post-tonsillectomy?** promoting airway clearance (place
child in side-lying or prone position)
66. **what are the two durations of pain?** acute and chronic
67. **what are the two etiologies of pain?** nociceptive or neuropathic
68. **what are examples of nociceptive?** appendicitis, chemical burns, sunburns
69. **what are behavioral indicators of pain in infants?** crying, irritability,
70. **what are non-pharmacological pain management techniques?** breathing, distraction***, guided
imagery, and massage
71. **what are pharmacological ways of pain management?** analgesics, patient-controlled analgesics
72. **what are nonopiods used for?** joint, bone, arthritis pain (juvenile arthritis)
73. **what are opioids used for?** treat moderate to severe pain
74. **what medication is used for juvenile arthritis?** nonopioids
75. **how is measles transmitted?** air-borne
76. **how are mumps and rubella transmitted?** droplet
77. **how are lice and scabies transmitted?** contact
78. **how old do you have to be to get a flu shot?** 6 months
79. **when can chicken pox kids go back to school?** when the lesions are completely crusted over
80. **what are some examples of illnesses that have exanthems?** measles, mumps, rubella
81. **infection, trauma, and teratogens and malnutrition can cause physical defects and may affect
normal CNS development during what gestation?** 3 to 4 weeks
82. **what is characteristic of cranial bones at birth?** well developed, but not fused
83. **what are preemies at risk for regarding the brain and neuro?** hemmorrhage
84. **what are children at risk for in regards to neuro?** cervical spine injury b/c spinal cord is highly
mobile (head is large for their body)
85. **what safety precautions do we have for seizures?** seizure pads, clear the environment,
intubation and suction next to bed, oxygen next to the bed, bed in low position
86. **what are some examples of food on ketogenic diet?** avocado, eggs, yogurt, cheese, poultry
4
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS|Sure to
Pass|Already Graded A+|Latest Release
1. **what is visceral pain?** Originating from interior organs Aching, Poorly localized, Often
accompanied by autonomic responses (vomiting, nausea, pallor, diaphoresis)
2. **what is obtuned?** limited response to the environment and falls asleep unless stimulated
3. **what is the incubation period for chicken pox?** 10-21 days
4. **what is the maximum recommended oxygen flow for NC in children?** 4 L/min
5. **what is a febrile seizure?** usually benign, but can be frightening - can be a sign of a dangerous
underlying infection, rarely seen in less than 6months or older than 5
6. **what is age appropriate pain assessment for teens?** concerned about body image and fear of
losing control may result in denying pain or refusing medication
7. **what is strabismus?** misalignment of the eyes
8. **what is nystagmus?** Involuntary movement of the eyeballs in an up/down, back/forth motion.
Interferes with head control.
9. **what is DTP?** diptheria, pertussis, tetanus
10. **what is age appropriate pain assessment for school-aged children?** will usually report type,
location, and severity b/c of their well-developed language skills
11. **what is neuropathic pain?** - pain that arises from abnormal or damaged pain nerves [e.g.,
phantom limb pain, pain below the level of a spinal cord injury, diabetic neuropathy]; - usually intense,
shooting, burning, or "pins and needles"
12. **what is chalazion?** chronic painless infection
13. **what is Reye's syndrome?** A rare syndrome of rapid liver degeneration and encephalitis in
children treated with aspirin during a viral infection
14. **what is confusion?** disorientation exists and may be alert, but responds inappropriately to
questions
15. **what is the incubation period of infectious disease?** time from entrance of pathogen to first
symptom, pathogen actively multiplying
16. **what is Arnold-Chiari malformation?** brain comes down farther than normal
17. **what is intracranial arteriovenous malformation** abnormal development of blood vessels, AMV's
that hemorrhage can lead to serious neurological deficits and death
1
,18. **what is craniosynostosis** premature closure of sutures (use helmet)
19. **what is stupor?** child only responds to vigorous stimulation
20. **what is hydrocephalus caused by?** imbalance in the production and absorption of CSF
21. **what is MMR?** mumps, measles, rubella
22. **what is a ketogenic diet?** high fat, low carb
23. **what is nociceptive pain?** normal processing of stimulus that damages normal tissue or has the
potential to do so if prolonged
24. **what is age-appropriate language for toddlers?** "owie" or "boo-boo"
25. **what is bacterial meningitis?** acute inflammation of the meninges and CSF, *sunlight is too
bright*
26. **what is digoxin used for?** HF, dysrhythmias
27. **what is chest physiotherapy?** using postural drainage, percussion, and vibration to promote
drainage of secretions from the lungs
28. **what is tell-tale indicator of Kawasaki disease?** strawberry tongue
29. **what is Kawasaki disease?** An autoimmune disease involving the inflammation of blood vessels,
lymph nodes, skin, and mucosa - initial symptom is a high fever, later symptoms include conjunctivitis,
rash, peeling, and edema
30. **what is infective endocarditis?** infection of the endocardium, usually secondary to bacterial or
other infectious causes
31. **what is a good indicator of cardiovascular disorders?** pulse oximetry
32. **what is aortic stenosis?** narrowed pulse pressure during assessment
33. **what is atrial septal defect?** Atrial septal defect is opening between the left and right atria,
usually close spontaneously
34. **what is cyanotic heart disease?** pulmonary stenosis causes baby to turn blue prevents
oxygenation of blood
35. **what are acquired cardiovascular disorders?** caused by infection
36. **what are congenital heart defects?** structural or functional defect of the heart or great vessels
that is present at birth, prematurity, alcohol and drug exposure, genetics, family Hx
37. **what is the ductus arteriosus?** vessel a growing fetus has that connects the pulmonary artery
with the aorta, instead of going to the lungs the blood goes to the body
38. **what happens if the ductus arteriosus doesn't close?** harsh, continuous machine-like murmur
under the left clavicle
39. **what is blepharitis?** inflammation of the eyelid
2
,40. **what is goniotomy?** removal of obstruction of the aqueous humor
41. **what is good therapeutic treatment for infantile glaucoma?** focused on surgical interventions
unlike adults
42. **what is a sign of cataracts?** they won't have the red eye reflex
43. **what is hordeolum?** Stye or infection of the sebaceous gland of the eye usually by staph. Tender
to palpation. Treat with anti staph antibiotics
44. **what is ambylopia?** lazy eye
45. **what is an important education point with PE tubes?** wearing ear plugs while swimming
46. **what can you use for a sty or plugged tear duct?** warm compress
47. **what is age appropriate pain assessment for preschoolers?** coaxed into discussing their pain b/c
they might think it's to be expected
48. **what is somatic pain?** originating from muscle, bone, joints, tendons, or blood vessels
49. **what is coma?** child cannot be aroused even with painful stimuli
50. **what is viral meningitis?** Viral infection of the meninges
51. **what is Kernig's sign** After flexing the hip and knee at 90 degree angles, pain and resistance are
noted.
52. **what is Brudzinski's neck sign?** patient's hips and knees flex when the neck is flexed due to
severe inflammation
53. **what is full consciousness?** consciousness in which you know and are able to report your mental
state
54. **what is prodromal period?** time from appearance of non-specific symptoms (fatigue, malaise)
to more specific symptoms
55. **what is tier one precaution?** standard precautions
56. **what is Exanthems** rash found in certain viral illnesses
57. **what is treatment for hydrocephalus** shunt
58. **what is important nutrition-wise for infants with HF?** they have increased metabolic rate and
need as much as 150 calories/kg/day
59. **what is gavage feeding?** Passing a feeding tube through the nose or mouth, down to the
esophagus, into the stomach.
60. **what is acrocyanosis?** cyanosis of hands and feet
61. **what are retractions?** Intercostals and or sternal retractions occur when the chest moves
inward during inspiratory efforts instead of outward This is due to a obstructed airway A sign of
respiratory distress in infants
3
, 62. **what does inspiratory stridor indicate?** croup
63. **what is indicative of sinusitis?** halitosis, bad breath
64. **what is important to educate for for Cystic Fibrosis?** take pancreatic enzymes!
65. **what is a key nursing intervention for post-tonsillectomy?** promoting airway clearance (place
child in side-lying or prone position)
66. **what are the two durations of pain?** acute and chronic
67. **what are the two etiologies of pain?** nociceptive or neuropathic
68. **what are examples of nociceptive?** appendicitis, chemical burns, sunburns
69. **what are behavioral indicators of pain in infants?** crying, irritability,
70. **what are non-pharmacological pain management techniques?** breathing, distraction***, guided
imagery, and massage
71. **what are pharmacological ways of pain management?** analgesics, patient-controlled analgesics
72. **what are nonopiods used for?** joint, bone, arthritis pain (juvenile arthritis)
73. **what are opioids used for?** treat moderate to severe pain
74. **what medication is used for juvenile arthritis?** nonopioids
75. **how is measles transmitted?** air-borne
76. **how are mumps and rubella transmitted?** droplet
77. **how are lice and scabies transmitted?** contact
78. **how old do you have to be to get a flu shot?** 6 months
79. **when can chicken pox kids go back to school?** when the lesions are completely crusted over
80. **what are some examples of illnesses that have exanthems?** measles, mumps, rubella
81. **infection, trauma, and teratogens and malnutrition can cause physical defects and may affect
normal CNS development during what gestation?** 3 to 4 weeks
82. **what is characteristic of cranial bones at birth?** well developed, but not fused
83. **what are preemies at risk for regarding the brain and neuro?** hemmorrhage
84. **what are children at risk for in regards to neuro?** cervical spine injury b/c spinal cord is highly
mobile (head is large for their body)
85. **what safety precautions do we have for seizures?** seizure pads, clear the environment,
intubation and suction next to bed, oxygen next to the bed, bed in low position
86. **what are some examples of food on ketogenic diet?** avocado, eggs, yogurt, cheese, poultry
4
