UAMS HEMATOLOGY COMPREHENSIVE EXAM QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔What are causes of folate deficient? - ✔✔Alcoholism, poverty, pregnancy,
✔✔What do you lack in pernicious anemia? - ✔✔Intrinsic factor
✔✔What is the function of intrinsic factor? - ✔✔Aids in B12 absorption
✔✔What test confirms pernicious anemia? - ✔✔Schilling test
✔✔What are macrocytic cells associated with other than megaloblastic anemia? -
✔✔Liver disease, alcoholism, reticulocytosis,
✔✔What are causes of iron deficiency anemia? - ✔✔Chronic blood loss, poor diet,
malabsorption,
✔✔What are the laboratory results for iron deficiency anemia? - ✔✔Decreased Fe,
Ferritin, increased TIBC, increased retic only after therapy
✔✔What are the laboratory findings for anemia of chronic disease? - ✔✔Decreased
iron, TIBC, increased ferritin
✔✔What is the sequence of development in IDA? - ✔✔1. Stores depleted
2. Iron deficient erythropoiesis
3. Hgb/hct depletion
4. Symptoms appear
✔✔What is the treatment for IDA? - ✔✔Treat underlying cause, iron supplements
(based on severity: oral, transfusion, injection)
✔✔What is hemosiderosis? - ✔✔Increased iron in reticuloendothelial cells
✔✔What is hemochromatosis? - ✔✔More severe than hemosiderosis, excess iron is
stored in the liver
✔✔What is the treatment for hemochromatosis? - ✔✔Phlebotomy or chelation therapy
to deplete iron stores
✔✔What are some microcytic anemias? - ✔✔Iron deficiency anemia, hemochromatosis,
hemosiderosis thalassemia, anemia of chronic disease, lead poisoning, sideroblastic
anemia
✔✔What RBC inclusion is seen in lead poisoning? - ✔✔Coarse basophilic stippling
, ✔✔What happens in lead poisoning? - ✔✔Lead blocks heme production at several
spots resulting in low heme production and low hemoglobin
✔✔What is defective in sideroblastic anemia? - ✔✔Abnormal heme metabolism is
present
✔✔What is defective in beta thalassemia? - ✔✔Beta chains are reduced or absent,
alpha chains are increased
✔✔What is the most common descent for beta thalassemia? - ✔✔Mediterranean, South
East Asians, and African American
✔✔What are the laboratory results for beta thalassemia? - ✔✔Target cells, basophilic
stippling, increased A2 & F in hemoglobin electrophoresis
✔✔What is a 4 gene deletion called in alpha thalassemia? - ✔✔Hydrops fetalis (alpha
thalassemia major)
✔✔What is a 3 gene deletion in alpha thalassemia? - ✔✔Hgb H (4 beta chains)
✔✔What is a 2 gene deletion in alpha thalassemia? - ✔✔Alpha thalassemia minor
✔✔What is a single gene deletion in alpha thalassemia? - ✔✔Silent carrier
✔✔What hemoglobins are decreased in alpha thalassemia? - ✔✔Hgb A, A2, & F
✔✔What is it called to have 4 gamma chains present? - ✔✔Hgb Barts
✔✔What are the laboratory results for alpha thalassemia? - ✔✔Target cells, basophilic
stippling
✔✔What is the most common hemolytic anemia? - ✔✔Malaria
✔✔What is defective in hereditary spherocytosis? - ✔✔Inherited defect in spectrin
✔✔What are the laboratory results for hereditary spherocytosis? - ✔✔Spherocytes,
polychromasia, increased LD and Bili, increased osmotic fragility with hemolysis starting
at 0.65%
✔✔Where does hemolysis start in a normal osmotic fragility? - ✔✔0.45%
✔✔What is paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglbinuria? - ✔✔Clonal stem cell disorder with
cells sensitive to complement lysis
AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔What are causes of folate deficient? - ✔✔Alcoholism, poverty, pregnancy,
✔✔What do you lack in pernicious anemia? - ✔✔Intrinsic factor
✔✔What is the function of intrinsic factor? - ✔✔Aids in B12 absorption
✔✔What test confirms pernicious anemia? - ✔✔Schilling test
✔✔What are macrocytic cells associated with other than megaloblastic anemia? -
✔✔Liver disease, alcoholism, reticulocytosis,
✔✔What are causes of iron deficiency anemia? - ✔✔Chronic blood loss, poor diet,
malabsorption,
✔✔What are the laboratory results for iron deficiency anemia? - ✔✔Decreased Fe,
Ferritin, increased TIBC, increased retic only after therapy
✔✔What are the laboratory findings for anemia of chronic disease? - ✔✔Decreased
iron, TIBC, increased ferritin
✔✔What is the sequence of development in IDA? - ✔✔1. Stores depleted
2. Iron deficient erythropoiesis
3. Hgb/hct depletion
4. Symptoms appear
✔✔What is the treatment for IDA? - ✔✔Treat underlying cause, iron supplements
(based on severity: oral, transfusion, injection)
✔✔What is hemosiderosis? - ✔✔Increased iron in reticuloendothelial cells
✔✔What is hemochromatosis? - ✔✔More severe than hemosiderosis, excess iron is
stored in the liver
✔✔What is the treatment for hemochromatosis? - ✔✔Phlebotomy or chelation therapy
to deplete iron stores
✔✔What are some microcytic anemias? - ✔✔Iron deficiency anemia, hemochromatosis,
hemosiderosis thalassemia, anemia of chronic disease, lead poisoning, sideroblastic
anemia
✔✔What RBC inclusion is seen in lead poisoning? - ✔✔Coarse basophilic stippling
, ✔✔What happens in lead poisoning? - ✔✔Lead blocks heme production at several
spots resulting in low heme production and low hemoglobin
✔✔What is defective in sideroblastic anemia? - ✔✔Abnormal heme metabolism is
present
✔✔What is defective in beta thalassemia? - ✔✔Beta chains are reduced or absent,
alpha chains are increased
✔✔What is the most common descent for beta thalassemia? - ✔✔Mediterranean, South
East Asians, and African American
✔✔What are the laboratory results for beta thalassemia? - ✔✔Target cells, basophilic
stippling, increased A2 & F in hemoglobin electrophoresis
✔✔What is a 4 gene deletion called in alpha thalassemia? - ✔✔Hydrops fetalis (alpha
thalassemia major)
✔✔What is a 3 gene deletion in alpha thalassemia? - ✔✔Hgb H (4 beta chains)
✔✔What is a 2 gene deletion in alpha thalassemia? - ✔✔Alpha thalassemia minor
✔✔What is a single gene deletion in alpha thalassemia? - ✔✔Silent carrier
✔✔What hemoglobins are decreased in alpha thalassemia? - ✔✔Hgb A, A2, & F
✔✔What is it called to have 4 gamma chains present? - ✔✔Hgb Barts
✔✔What are the laboratory results for alpha thalassemia? - ✔✔Target cells, basophilic
stippling
✔✔What is the most common hemolytic anemia? - ✔✔Malaria
✔✔What is defective in hereditary spherocytosis? - ✔✔Inherited defect in spectrin
✔✔What are the laboratory results for hereditary spherocytosis? - ✔✔Spherocytes,
polychromasia, increased LD and Bili, increased osmotic fragility with hemolysis starting
at 0.65%
✔✔Where does hemolysis start in a normal osmotic fragility? - ✔✔0.45%
✔✔What is paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglbinuria? - ✔✔Clonal stem cell disorder with
cells sensitive to complement lysis
