NR 203 Midterm Exam with Accurate Answers.
Latest Edition
Inspection - ✔✔close, careful observation of the patient as a whole and then of each body
system. When conducting an inspection, use the patient's body as the control and compare the
right and left sides of the body to determine symmetry.
- requires good lighting, adequate exposure, and at times the use of special instruments, such
as an otoscope or penlight.
Palpation - ✔✔use of touch to assess texture, temperature, moisture, and organ location and
size.
- helps identify swelling, vibrations, pulsations, rigidity or spasticity, crepitation, lumps or
masses, and tenderness or pain.
- light, deep, or bimanual. Light palpation evaluates surface characteristics and identifies areas
of tenderness.
Palpation w/ Fingertips - ✔✔are best for fine tactile discrimination
Palpation w/ fingers and thumb - ✔✔is ideal for detecting position, shape, and consistency of
an organ or mass.
Palpation w/ back of hands and fingers - ✔✔are good for determining temperature
Palpation w/ base of the fingers or ulnar surface of the hand - ✔✔is best for assessing vibration
Light Palpation - ✔✔is used to evaluate surface characteristics.
Deep palpation - ✔✔assesses an organ or mass deeper in a body cavity.
is used to identify abdominal contents.
,Bimanual palpation - ✔✔is the use of both hands to envelop or capture certain body parts or
organs, such as the kidneys.
Percussion - ✔✔tapping the patient's skin with short, sharp strokes to create percussion
sounds.
- used to assess the location, size, and density of an organ, detect an abnormal mass, or elicit a
deep tendon reflex.
- Percussion is used to determine the density (air, fluid, or solid) of a structure by a
characteristic note.
Percussion: Amplitude - ✔✔the sound's intensity, which may be loud or soft.
Percussion: Pitch - ✔✔describes the number of vibrations per second and may be high-pitched
or low-pitched.
Percussion: Quality - ✔✔(or timbre) is the subjective difference due to a sound's distinctive
overtones
Percussion: Duration - ✔✔is the length of time the note lingers
2 Percussion Methods - ✔✔- Indirect (mediate) used more often and involves both hands.
strikes the stationary finger at the distal interphalangeal joint (just behind the nail bed). Creates
sound and subtle vibration.
- Direct (immediate) striking hand contacts body wall directly --> produces sound (used in
percussing infants thorax and adult sinus.
Auscultation - ✔✔is listening to sounds made by the body, usually using a stethoscope. The
heart, blood vessels, lungs, and abdomen are commonly auscultated areas.
,Auscultation: Diaphragm - ✔✔high-pitched sounds like breath, bowel, and normal heart sounds
Auscultation: Bell - ✔✔soft, low-pitched sounds like extra heart sounds or murmurs.
Examining Toddler - ✔✔A toddler should be sitting up on the parent's lap for the examination.
Examining School-aged Children - ✔✔A school-age child has a sense of modesty; to maintain
privacy, ask a child who is 11 or 12 years old to decide whether parents or siblings should be
present.
Examining Older Adults - ✔✔The examination pace should be adjusted to meet the possible
slowed pace of the aging person.
G-IPPA - ✔✔General Survey
Inspection
Palpation
Percussion
Auscultation
General Survey - ✔✔overall impression of the patient and begins when you first encounter him
or her
Covers:
- physical appearance
- body structure
- mobility
- behaviour
Physical Appearance - ✔✔- age
, - sex
- level of consciousness (LOC)
- skin colour
- facial features
- signs of distress
Body Structure - ✔✔- stature (height)
- nutrition
- symmetry
- posture
- position
- body build or contour
Mobility - ✔✔- gait
- range of motion (active and passive)
*any involuntary movement present
Behaviour - ✔✔- facial expressions
- mood/affect
- speech
- dress
- personal hygiene
Routes of Temperature Measurement - ✔✔- oral
- rectal
- tympanic (core body temp)
- temporal
Latest Edition
Inspection - ✔✔close, careful observation of the patient as a whole and then of each body
system. When conducting an inspection, use the patient's body as the control and compare the
right and left sides of the body to determine symmetry.
- requires good lighting, adequate exposure, and at times the use of special instruments, such
as an otoscope or penlight.
Palpation - ✔✔use of touch to assess texture, temperature, moisture, and organ location and
size.
- helps identify swelling, vibrations, pulsations, rigidity or spasticity, crepitation, lumps or
masses, and tenderness or pain.
- light, deep, or bimanual. Light palpation evaluates surface characteristics and identifies areas
of tenderness.
Palpation w/ Fingertips - ✔✔are best for fine tactile discrimination
Palpation w/ fingers and thumb - ✔✔is ideal for detecting position, shape, and consistency of
an organ or mass.
Palpation w/ back of hands and fingers - ✔✔are good for determining temperature
Palpation w/ base of the fingers or ulnar surface of the hand - ✔✔is best for assessing vibration
Light Palpation - ✔✔is used to evaluate surface characteristics.
Deep palpation - ✔✔assesses an organ or mass deeper in a body cavity.
is used to identify abdominal contents.
,Bimanual palpation - ✔✔is the use of both hands to envelop or capture certain body parts or
organs, such as the kidneys.
Percussion - ✔✔tapping the patient's skin with short, sharp strokes to create percussion
sounds.
- used to assess the location, size, and density of an organ, detect an abnormal mass, or elicit a
deep tendon reflex.
- Percussion is used to determine the density (air, fluid, or solid) of a structure by a
characteristic note.
Percussion: Amplitude - ✔✔the sound's intensity, which may be loud or soft.
Percussion: Pitch - ✔✔describes the number of vibrations per second and may be high-pitched
or low-pitched.
Percussion: Quality - ✔✔(or timbre) is the subjective difference due to a sound's distinctive
overtones
Percussion: Duration - ✔✔is the length of time the note lingers
2 Percussion Methods - ✔✔- Indirect (mediate) used more often and involves both hands.
strikes the stationary finger at the distal interphalangeal joint (just behind the nail bed). Creates
sound and subtle vibration.
- Direct (immediate) striking hand contacts body wall directly --> produces sound (used in
percussing infants thorax and adult sinus.
Auscultation - ✔✔is listening to sounds made by the body, usually using a stethoscope. The
heart, blood vessels, lungs, and abdomen are commonly auscultated areas.
,Auscultation: Diaphragm - ✔✔high-pitched sounds like breath, bowel, and normal heart sounds
Auscultation: Bell - ✔✔soft, low-pitched sounds like extra heart sounds or murmurs.
Examining Toddler - ✔✔A toddler should be sitting up on the parent's lap for the examination.
Examining School-aged Children - ✔✔A school-age child has a sense of modesty; to maintain
privacy, ask a child who is 11 or 12 years old to decide whether parents or siblings should be
present.
Examining Older Adults - ✔✔The examination pace should be adjusted to meet the possible
slowed pace of the aging person.
G-IPPA - ✔✔General Survey
Inspection
Palpation
Percussion
Auscultation
General Survey - ✔✔overall impression of the patient and begins when you first encounter him
or her
Covers:
- physical appearance
- body structure
- mobility
- behaviour
Physical Appearance - ✔✔- age
, - sex
- level of consciousness (LOC)
- skin colour
- facial features
- signs of distress
Body Structure - ✔✔- stature (height)
- nutrition
- symmetry
- posture
- position
- body build or contour
Mobility - ✔✔- gait
- range of motion (active and passive)
*any involuntary movement present
Behaviour - ✔✔- facial expressions
- mood/affect
- speech
- dress
- personal hygiene
Routes of Temperature Measurement - ✔✔- oral
- rectal
- tympanic (core body temp)
- temporal
