NR 203 Midterm Exam with Accurate Answers.
Latest Edition
What is growth and development from a life span perspective? Consider examples of the
different perspectives of multi-directional, multi-contextual, multi-cultural, and plasticity -
✔✔an approach to the study of human development that includes all phases, from birth to
death.
multi directional- changes in every directions characterize the life span.
multi contextual-everyone is profoundly affected by their surroundings.
plasticity- people can be molded or maintain a certain durability which provides both hope and
realism
What is the ecological-systems approach as shown by the Bioecological Model? How might one
look at development from this model? Include examples for each environmental system
(microsystem, mesosystem, ecosystem, macrosystem, and chronosystem - ✔✔each person is
significantly affected by interactions among a number of overlapping systems
microsystem - ✔✔family, peer group, classroom, neighborhood, house of worship. intimately
and immediately shape human development
macrosystem - ✔✔cultural patterns, political philosophies, economic policies, and social
conditions.
mesosystem - ✔✔interactions among systems as when parents and teachers coordinate to
educate a child
chronosystem - ✔✔emphasize the importance of time.
exosystem - ✔✔religious values, mass media, transportation systems, medical institutions,
community structures, educational systems.
, What does the nature/nurture debate mean related to the process of human growth and
development? Include examples - ✔✔between 1957 and 1961 thousands of pregnant woman
took a antinausea medication and the change in nurture was the mothers blood reaching the
embryo by the umbilical cord disrupted nature which is the genetic program directing limb
formation.
What is the difference between a critical period versus a sensitive period? - ✔✔a critical period
is the time when particular development must occur. a sensitive period is a particular
development occurs more easily at a certain time.
what are the different developmental theories and what does the theory focus on and offer for
growth and development issues? - ✔✔psychoanalytic and psychodynamic
psychoanalytic-Erickson - ✔✔proposes that irrational unconscious drives and motives, often
originate in childhood underlie human behavior
psychodynamic-erickson - ✔✔emphasized family and culture not sexual urges
behaviorism- pavlov - ✔✔classical conditioning (respondent) demonstrates that behaviors can
be learned by making an association between an environmental stimulus and naturally
occurring stimulus.
behaviorism-skinner - ✔✔operant conditioning- learning process in which a particular action is
followed either by something desired or something unwanted, making an action more or less
likely to be repeated
cognitive- Piaget - ✔✔proposes thoughts and expectations profoundly affect actions, attitudes,
beliefs, and assumptions.
Latest Edition
What is growth and development from a life span perspective? Consider examples of the
different perspectives of multi-directional, multi-contextual, multi-cultural, and plasticity -
✔✔an approach to the study of human development that includes all phases, from birth to
death.
multi directional- changes in every directions characterize the life span.
multi contextual-everyone is profoundly affected by their surroundings.
plasticity- people can be molded or maintain a certain durability which provides both hope and
realism
What is the ecological-systems approach as shown by the Bioecological Model? How might one
look at development from this model? Include examples for each environmental system
(microsystem, mesosystem, ecosystem, macrosystem, and chronosystem - ✔✔each person is
significantly affected by interactions among a number of overlapping systems
microsystem - ✔✔family, peer group, classroom, neighborhood, house of worship. intimately
and immediately shape human development
macrosystem - ✔✔cultural patterns, political philosophies, economic policies, and social
conditions.
mesosystem - ✔✔interactions among systems as when parents and teachers coordinate to
educate a child
chronosystem - ✔✔emphasize the importance of time.
exosystem - ✔✔religious values, mass media, transportation systems, medical institutions,
community structures, educational systems.
, What does the nature/nurture debate mean related to the process of human growth and
development? Include examples - ✔✔between 1957 and 1961 thousands of pregnant woman
took a antinausea medication and the change in nurture was the mothers blood reaching the
embryo by the umbilical cord disrupted nature which is the genetic program directing limb
formation.
What is the difference between a critical period versus a sensitive period? - ✔✔a critical period
is the time when particular development must occur. a sensitive period is a particular
development occurs more easily at a certain time.
what are the different developmental theories and what does the theory focus on and offer for
growth and development issues? - ✔✔psychoanalytic and psychodynamic
psychoanalytic-Erickson - ✔✔proposes that irrational unconscious drives and motives, often
originate in childhood underlie human behavior
psychodynamic-erickson - ✔✔emphasized family and culture not sexual urges
behaviorism- pavlov - ✔✔classical conditioning (respondent) demonstrates that behaviors can
be learned by making an association between an environmental stimulus and naturally
occurring stimulus.
behaviorism-skinner - ✔✔operant conditioning- learning process in which a particular action is
followed either by something desired or something unwanted, making an action more or less
likely to be repeated
cognitive- Piaget - ✔✔proposes thoughts and expectations profoundly affect actions, attitudes,
beliefs, and assumptions.
