General Chemistry Questions with Verifiable Solutions
Alcohol to Haloalkane✔✔PX3, halogen replaces OH
Alcohol to Alkene✔✔Dehydration - conc. H2SO4
What is a reducing agent?✔✔LiAlH4
What are the 3 things required for a chemical reaction?✔✔> Collision
> Sufficient energy to reach Ea
> Correct molecular geometry
What is Ea?✔✔The minimum amount of energy required for the reaction to occur.
What is an activation complex?✔✔Most unstable arrangement of atoms during the reaction.
What factors affect the rate of a reaction?✔✔temperature, concentration, surface area,
catalysts
Define equilibrium:✔✔Equilibrium is established when the rate of the forward reaction is equal
to the rate of the reverse reaction.
The concentration of all species is constant but not equal.
Produce a hybridisation scheme to fully describe the shape and bonding around the C atoms in
an alkane:✔✔Methane, forms 4 sigma bonds, needs 4 unpaired electrons.
, What is an element?✔✔A substance that contains only ONE type of atom.
What is a compound?✔✔Two or more elements chemically bonded
What is a mixture?✔✔A combination of two or more substances that are not chemically
combined
What is a chemical reaction?✔✔Any process by which a new substance is formed
What is an isotope?✔✔Atoms with the same number of protons but different number of
neutrons
What is the octet rule?✔✔Substances are stable when they have 8 electrons in their outer shell
Explain ionic bonding:✔✔Ionic bonding is the exchanging of electrons from a metal atom to a
non-metal atom
Explain covalent bonding:✔✔Covalent bonding is the sharing of electrons between atoms of the
same element
What does a group represent on the periodic table?✔✔All the elements in a group have the
same amount of electrons on their outer shell and have similar chemical properties
What does a period represent on the periodic table?✔✔All the elements in a period have the
same number of atomic orbitals
Alcohol to Haloalkane✔✔PX3, halogen replaces OH
Alcohol to Alkene✔✔Dehydration - conc. H2SO4
What is a reducing agent?✔✔LiAlH4
What are the 3 things required for a chemical reaction?✔✔> Collision
> Sufficient energy to reach Ea
> Correct molecular geometry
What is Ea?✔✔The minimum amount of energy required for the reaction to occur.
What is an activation complex?✔✔Most unstable arrangement of atoms during the reaction.
What factors affect the rate of a reaction?✔✔temperature, concentration, surface area,
catalysts
Define equilibrium:✔✔Equilibrium is established when the rate of the forward reaction is equal
to the rate of the reverse reaction.
The concentration of all species is constant but not equal.
Produce a hybridisation scheme to fully describe the shape and bonding around the C atoms in
an alkane:✔✔Methane, forms 4 sigma bonds, needs 4 unpaired electrons.
, What is an element?✔✔A substance that contains only ONE type of atom.
What is a compound?✔✔Two or more elements chemically bonded
What is a mixture?✔✔A combination of two or more substances that are not chemically
combined
What is a chemical reaction?✔✔Any process by which a new substance is formed
What is an isotope?✔✔Atoms with the same number of protons but different number of
neutrons
What is the octet rule?✔✔Substances are stable when they have 8 electrons in their outer shell
Explain ionic bonding:✔✔Ionic bonding is the exchanging of electrons from a metal atom to a
non-metal atom
Explain covalent bonding:✔✔Covalent bonding is the sharing of electrons between atoms of the
same element
What does a group represent on the periodic table?✔✔All the elements in a group have the
same amount of electrons on their outer shell and have similar chemical properties
What does a period represent on the periodic table?✔✔All the elements in a period have the
same number of atomic orbitals
