NCLEX Medical Terms/Info 2
Practice Questions With
Answers
2 types of immune system stem cells - correct answer myeloid and lymphoid
3 main types of lupus - correct answer SLE (systemic lupus erythematosus) (70%)
DLE (discoid lupus erythematosus)
drug induced SLE (hydralazine, procainamide)
3 subtypes of scleroderma - correct answer limited (80%)
diffuse
sine
4 main types of T cells - correct answer memory (CD3)
helper (T4 or CD4)
supressor (CD 8)
killer
5 major classes of immunoglobulins - correct answer IgG
IgA
IgM
IgE
IgD
A client calls the nurse in the emergency department and tells the nurse that he
was just stung by a bumble bee while gardening. The client is afraid of a severe
reaction because the client's neighbor experienced such a reaction just 1 week
ago. The appropriate nursing action is to:
,1. Advise the client to soak the site in hydrogen peroxide.
2. Ask the client if he ever sustained a bee sting in the past.
3. Tell the client to call an ambulance for transport to the emergency department.
4. Tell the client not to worry about the sting unless difficulty with breathing
occurs. - correct answer2. Ask the client if he ever sustained a bee sting in the
past.
In some types of allergies, a reaction occurs only on second and subsequent
contacts with the allergen. The appropriate action, therefore, would be to ask the
client if he ever experienced a bee sting in the past. Option 1 is not appropriate
advice. Option 3 is unnecessary. The client should not be told "not to worry."
A client diagnosed with idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura (ITP) needs a
peripherally inserted central catheter placed. When explaining the catheter to the
client, the nurse explains that one advantage of using a catheter is that it can be
used:
1. to administer blood products and I.V. fluids only.
2. in clients with infections in the blood.
3. to accomplish long term access to central veins.
4. for 2 weeks without being replaced. - correct answer3. to accomplish long term
access to central veins.
A peripherally inserted central catheter provides long-term access (longer than 2
weeks) to central veins. It can be used to administer blood products, medications,
I.V. fluids, and total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Moreover, the peripherally
inserted central catheter can be used to obtain blood specimens. As with any
other central venous catheter, this catheter shouldn't be inserted when systemic
infection (infection in the blood) is present.
A client diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) comes to the
emergency department with severe back pain. She reports that she first felt pain
after manually opening her garage door and that she is taking prednisone daily.
What adverse effect of long-term corticosteroid therapy is most likely responsible
for the pain?
,1. Hypertension
2. Osteoporosis
3. Muscle wasting
4. Truncal obesity - correct answer2. Osteoporosis
All of the options listed above are adverse effects of long-term corticosteroid
therapy; however, osteoporosis frequently causes compression fractures of the
spine. The other adverse effects aren't likely to cause severe back pain.
A client is admitted to the facility with an exacerbation of her chronic systemic
lupus erythematosus (SLE). She gets angry when her call bell isn't answered
immediately. The most appropriate response to her would be:
1. "You seem angry. Would you like to talk about it?"
2. "Calm down. You know that stress will make your symptoms worse."
3. "Would you like to talk about the problem with the nursing supervisor?"
4. "I can see you're angry. I'll come back when you've calmed down." - correct
answer1. "You seem angry. Would you like to talk about it?"
Verbalizing the observed behavior is a therapeutic communication technique in
which the nurse acknowledges what the client is feeling. Offering to listen to the
client express her anger can help both the nurse and the client understand its
cause and begin to deal with it. Although stress can exacerbate the symptoms of
SLE, telling the client to calm down doesn't acknowledge her feelings. Offering to
get the nursing supervisor also ignores the client's feelings. Ignoring the client's
feelings suggests that the nurse has no interest in what the client has said.
A client is diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis, an autoimmune disorder. When
teaching the client and family about autoimmune disorders, the nurse should
provide which information?
, 1. Clients with autoimmune disorders may have false-negative but not false-
positive serologic tests.
2. Advanced medical intervention can cure most autoimmune disorders.
3. Autoimmune disorders include connective tissue (collagen) disorders.
4. Autoimmune disorders are distinctive, aiding differential diagnosis. - correct
answer3. Autoimmune disorders include connective tissue (collagen) disorders.
Connective tissue disorders are considered autoimmune disorders. Clients with
autoimmune disorders may have either false-positive or false-negative serologic
tests for syphilis. Other common laboratory findings in these clients include
Coombs-positive hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia,
immunoglobulin excesses or deficiencies, antinuclear antibodies, antibodies to
deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid, rheumatoid factors, elevated muscle
enzymes, and changes in acute phase-reactive proteins. No cure exists for
autoimmune disorders; treatment centers on controlling symptoms. Autoimmune
disorders aren't distinctive; they share common features, making differential
diagnosis difficult.
A client is receiving chemotherapy for cancer. The nurse reviews the client's
laboratory report and notes that he has thrombocytopenia. To which nursing
diagnosis should the nurse give the highest priority?
1. Activity intolerance
2. Impaired tissue integrity
3. Impaired oral mucous membranes
4. Ineffective tissue perfusion: Cerebral, cardiopulmonary, GI - correct answer4.
Ineffective tissue perfusion: Cerebral, cardiopulmonary, GI
These are all appropriate nursing diagnoses for the client with thrombocytopenia.
However, the risk of cerebral and GI hemorrhage and hypotension pose the
greatest risk to the physiological integrity of the client.
Practice Questions With
Answers
2 types of immune system stem cells - correct answer myeloid and lymphoid
3 main types of lupus - correct answer SLE (systemic lupus erythematosus) (70%)
DLE (discoid lupus erythematosus)
drug induced SLE (hydralazine, procainamide)
3 subtypes of scleroderma - correct answer limited (80%)
diffuse
sine
4 main types of T cells - correct answer memory (CD3)
helper (T4 or CD4)
supressor (CD 8)
killer
5 major classes of immunoglobulins - correct answer IgG
IgA
IgM
IgE
IgD
A client calls the nurse in the emergency department and tells the nurse that he
was just stung by a bumble bee while gardening. The client is afraid of a severe
reaction because the client's neighbor experienced such a reaction just 1 week
ago. The appropriate nursing action is to:
,1. Advise the client to soak the site in hydrogen peroxide.
2. Ask the client if he ever sustained a bee sting in the past.
3. Tell the client to call an ambulance for transport to the emergency department.
4. Tell the client not to worry about the sting unless difficulty with breathing
occurs. - correct answer2. Ask the client if he ever sustained a bee sting in the
past.
In some types of allergies, a reaction occurs only on second and subsequent
contacts with the allergen. The appropriate action, therefore, would be to ask the
client if he ever experienced a bee sting in the past. Option 1 is not appropriate
advice. Option 3 is unnecessary. The client should not be told "not to worry."
A client diagnosed with idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura (ITP) needs a
peripherally inserted central catheter placed. When explaining the catheter to the
client, the nurse explains that one advantage of using a catheter is that it can be
used:
1. to administer blood products and I.V. fluids only.
2. in clients with infections in the blood.
3. to accomplish long term access to central veins.
4. for 2 weeks without being replaced. - correct answer3. to accomplish long term
access to central veins.
A peripherally inserted central catheter provides long-term access (longer than 2
weeks) to central veins. It can be used to administer blood products, medications,
I.V. fluids, and total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Moreover, the peripherally
inserted central catheter can be used to obtain blood specimens. As with any
other central venous catheter, this catheter shouldn't be inserted when systemic
infection (infection in the blood) is present.
A client diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) comes to the
emergency department with severe back pain. She reports that she first felt pain
after manually opening her garage door and that she is taking prednisone daily.
What adverse effect of long-term corticosteroid therapy is most likely responsible
for the pain?
,1. Hypertension
2. Osteoporosis
3. Muscle wasting
4. Truncal obesity - correct answer2. Osteoporosis
All of the options listed above are adverse effects of long-term corticosteroid
therapy; however, osteoporosis frequently causes compression fractures of the
spine. The other adverse effects aren't likely to cause severe back pain.
A client is admitted to the facility with an exacerbation of her chronic systemic
lupus erythematosus (SLE). She gets angry when her call bell isn't answered
immediately. The most appropriate response to her would be:
1. "You seem angry. Would you like to talk about it?"
2. "Calm down. You know that stress will make your symptoms worse."
3. "Would you like to talk about the problem with the nursing supervisor?"
4. "I can see you're angry. I'll come back when you've calmed down." - correct
answer1. "You seem angry. Would you like to talk about it?"
Verbalizing the observed behavior is a therapeutic communication technique in
which the nurse acknowledges what the client is feeling. Offering to listen to the
client express her anger can help both the nurse and the client understand its
cause and begin to deal with it. Although stress can exacerbate the symptoms of
SLE, telling the client to calm down doesn't acknowledge her feelings. Offering to
get the nursing supervisor also ignores the client's feelings. Ignoring the client's
feelings suggests that the nurse has no interest in what the client has said.
A client is diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis, an autoimmune disorder. When
teaching the client and family about autoimmune disorders, the nurse should
provide which information?
, 1. Clients with autoimmune disorders may have false-negative but not false-
positive serologic tests.
2. Advanced medical intervention can cure most autoimmune disorders.
3. Autoimmune disorders include connective tissue (collagen) disorders.
4. Autoimmune disorders are distinctive, aiding differential diagnosis. - correct
answer3. Autoimmune disorders include connective tissue (collagen) disorders.
Connective tissue disorders are considered autoimmune disorders. Clients with
autoimmune disorders may have either false-positive or false-negative serologic
tests for syphilis. Other common laboratory findings in these clients include
Coombs-positive hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia,
immunoglobulin excesses or deficiencies, antinuclear antibodies, antibodies to
deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid, rheumatoid factors, elevated muscle
enzymes, and changes in acute phase-reactive proteins. No cure exists for
autoimmune disorders; treatment centers on controlling symptoms. Autoimmune
disorders aren't distinctive; they share common features, making differential
diagnosis difficult.
A client is receiving chemotherapy for cancer. The nurse reviews the client's
laboratory report and notes that he has thrombocytopenia. To which nursing
diagnosis should the nurse give the highest priority?
1. Activity intolerance
2. Impaired tissue integrity
3. Impaired oral mucous membranes
4. Ineffective tissue perfusion: Cerebral, cardiopulmonary, GI - correct answer4.
Ineffective tissue perfusion: Cerebral, cardiopulmonary, GI
These are all appropriate nursing diagnoses for the client with thrombocytopenia.
However, the risk of cerebral and GI hemorrhage and hypotension pose the
greatest risk to the physiological integrity of the client.
