Page 1 of 36
cogsci 180 - mind, brain, & identity Questions
with 100% Verified Answers UPDATED!!!
ancient times - ANSWER question of nature of the self
- ppl had defined roles, no time for introspection / worrying ab
the self
- CHANGED during Industrial Revolution => social mobility
became possible; individuals no longer defined in particular
fixed role in society
modern phenomenon - ANSWER personal identity => what
makes one a unique individual
idealists - ANSWER everything, including the material world is
actually mind
dualists - ANSWER mind and body are radically different things
materialists - ANSWER mental states are just physical states
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synchronic unity - ANSWER feeling of coherence in my body, my
perceptions
diachronic unity - ANSWER recollection of one's personal
memories; one cannot recall the memories of another person
theory of sense of self - ANSWER is an illusion or "story"
constructed by the left cerebral hemisphere
Buddhism - ANSWER not-self; based on experiences that arise
in meditation
- scientific perspective: impossible to verify whether these type
of experiences and the following conclusions are "real" or
hallucinations
early philosophers - ANSWER what is the real self; no real
distinction bwn philosophy and religion; NOT interested in
personality / neuroscience questions
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dualistic view by Plato - ANSWER Forms - higher realm of ideal
perfection exemplified by truth, beauty, moral goodness that
cannot be explained in the ordinary world
- focusing on the most ideal version of smth helps us realize
what needs work
mind-body problem - ANSWER relationship bwn mental and
physical properties
physical properties - ANSWER public: equally observable by
anyone
mental properties - ANSWER private: ex. conscious mental
events that only you have access to
monism - ANSWER there is only one kind of substance in the
universe
- materialism, idealism, transcendental idealism
materialism - ANSWER everything that exists including the mind
is physical
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- the mind just is the brain so everything that happens in the
mind is happening in the brain
- view held by most cog scientists
- examples: behaviorism, mind-brain identity theory,
functionalism, computational theory of mind
- philosophy + science => cogsci kind of
idealism - ANSWER everything including the material world is
actually mind (everything is mental)
- George Berkeley: everything you can know for sure is actually
mental; everything else is colored by perception
- ex. what you perceive as red could be another person's blue
transcendental idealism - ANSWER subtype of idealism;
integrates idealism w empiricism (personal experiences) which
emphasizes the importance of sensory experience
- Immanuel Kant: emphasized importance of observation, of
examining what is revealed by sensory experience & reason but
also believed that the mind imposes on such perceptions
- anticipated modern cogsci
cogsci 180 - mind, brain, & identity Questions
with 100% Verified Answers UPDATED!!!
ancient times - ANSWER question of nature of the self
- ppl had defined roles, no time for introspection / worrying ab
the self
- CHANGED during Industrial Revolution => social mobility
became possible; individuals no longer defined in particular
fixed role in society
modern phenomenon - ANSWER personal identity => what
makes one a unique individual
idealists - ANSWER everything, including the material world is
actually mind
dualists - ANSWER mind and body are radically different things
materialists - ANSWER mental states are just physical states
,Page 2 of 36
synchronic unity - ANSWER feeling of coherence in my body, my
perceptions
diachronic unity - ANSWER recollection of one's personal
memories; one cannot recall the memories of another person
theory of sense of self - ANSWER is an illusion or "story"
constructed by the left cerebral hemisphere
Buddhism - ANSWER not-self; based on experiences that arise
in meditation
- scientific perspective: impossible to verify whether these type
of experiences and the following conclusions are "real" or
hallucinations
early philosophers - ANSWER what is the real self; no real
distinction bwn philosophy and religion; NOT interested in
personality / neuroscience questions
,Page 3 of 36
dualistic view by Plato - ANSWER Forms - higher realm of ideal
perfection exemplified by truth, beauty, moral goodness that
cannot be explained in the ordinary world
- focusing on the most ideal version of smth helps us realize
what needs work
mind-body problem - ANSWER relationship bwn mental and
physical properties
physical properties - ANSWER public: equally observable by
anyone
mental properties - ANSWER private: ex. conscious mental
events that only you have access to
monism - ANSWER there is only one kind of substance in the
universe
- materialism, idealism, transcendental idealism
materialism - ANSWER everything that exists including the mind
is physical
, Page 4 of 36
- the mind just is the brain so everything that happens in the
mind is happening in the brain
- view held by most cog scientists
- examples: behaviorism, mind-brain identity theory,
functionalism, computational theory of mind
- philosophy + science => cogsci kind of
idealism - ANSWER everything including the material world is
actually mind (everything is mental)
- George Berkeley: everything you can know for sure is actually
mental; everything else is colored by perception
- ex. what you perceive as red could be another person's blue
transcendental idealism - ANSWER subtype of idealism;
integrates idealism w empiricism (personal experiences) which
emphasizes the importance of sensory experience
- Immanuel Kant: emphasized importance of observation, of
examining what is revealed by sensory experience & reason but
also believed that the mind imposes on such perceptions
- anticipated modern cogsci
