RNSG 1128 EXAM 2 GAS EXCHANGE (GIDDENS
CONCEPT 19) ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS LATEST UPDATES
2025-2026 (VERIFIED ANSWERS) ALREADY GRADED
A+
What causes gas exchange impairment/imbalance? - ANSWER-Asthma
(bronchioles restricted; narrowed airways)
What challenges perfusion? - ANSWER-Decreased cardiac output
Thrombi emboli, vessel narrowing
Vasoconstriction
Blood loss
Why are infants at high-risk for impaired GE? - ANSWER-Fetal hgb (shortened
survival of RBCs --> anemia)
Less alveolar surface area for GE
Gradually diminishing maternal iron stores (--> anemia)
, Narrow branching or peripheral airways (easily obstructed by edema, mucus,
foreign objects)
What is gas exchange? - ANSWER-Air in & out
O2 IN, CO2 OUT
(O2 transported TO cells, CO2 transported FROM cells)
Where does diffusion of respiratory gases occur? - ANSWER-At alveolar capillary
membrane in alveolar sac
Describe the O2 pathway. - ANSWER-Atmosphere (21%) --> medulla --> thorax
(intact), diaphragm CONTRACTS --> nose --> trachea --> bronchi --> alveoli -->
pulmonary capillaries with hgb to carry O2 --> perfusion TO transport hgb to cells
--> CELL METABOLISM
Describe the CO2 pathway. - ANSWER-CELL METABOLISM --> perfusion to
transport hgb FROM cells --> pulmonary capillaries with hgb carrying CO2 -->
alveoli --> bronchi --> trachea --> nose --> thorax (intact), diaphragm RELAXES -->
atmosphere
What 3 things are needed for gas exchange to occur? - ANSWER-Ventilation
Transport
Perfusion
Describe ventilation. - ANSWER-Inhalation of O2, exhalation of CO2
What challenges ventilation? - ANSWER-Unavailability of O2
CONCEPT 19) ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS LATEST UPDATES
2025-2026 (VERIFIED ANSWERS) ALREADY GRADED
A+
What causes gas exchange impairment/imbalance? - ANSWER-Asthma
(bronchioles restricted; narrowed airways)
What challenges perfusion? - ANSWER-Decreased cardiac output
Thrombi emboli, vessel narrowing
Vasoconstriction
Blood loss
Why are infants at high-risk for impaired GE? - ANSWER-Fetal hgb (shortened
survival of RBCs --> anemia)
Less alveolar surface area for GE
Gradually diminishing maternal iron stores (--> anemia)
, Narrow branching or peripheral airways (easily obstructed by edema, mucus,
foreign objects)
What is gas exchange? - ANSWER-Air in & out
O2 IN, CO2 OUT
(O2 transported TO cells, CO2 transported FROM cells)
Where does diffusion of respiratory gases occur? - ANSWER-At alveolar capillary
membrane in alveolar sac
Describe the O2 pathway. - ANSWER-Atmosphere (21%) --> medulla --> thorax
(intact), diaphragm CONTRACTS --> nose --> trachea --> bronchi --> alveoli -->
pulmonary capillaries with hgb to carry O2 --> perfusion TO transport hgb to cells
--> CELL METABOLISM
Describe the CO2 pathway. - ANSWER-CELL METABOLISM --> perfusion to
transport hgb FROM cells --> pulmonary capillaries with hgb carrying CO2 -->
alveoli --> bronchi --> trachea --> nose --> thorax (intact), diaphragm RELAXES -->
atmosphere
What 3 things are needed for gas exchange to occur? - ANSWER-Ventilation
Transport
Perfusion
Describe ventilation. - ANSWER-Inhalation of O2, exhalation of CO2
What challenges ventilation? - ANSWER-Unavailability of O2
