RNSG 1128 FINAL EXAM REVIEW (INTRODUCTION
TO NURSING CONCEPTS) NEWEST EXAM
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
LATEST UPDATES 2025-2026 (VERIFIED ANSWERS)
ALREADY GRADED A+
What is the main teaching points topic for the buffering system, the lungs, and
the kidneys called in regards to Acid Base Balance?
Compensatory Mechanisms
Patient is experiencing episodes of nausea and vomiting. Which type of heal care
or promotion is needed to strengthen antecedents?
Tertiary: used to treat someone that is already having negative consequencesGas
Exchange Risk Factors
Tobacco Use
Altered consciousness
Altered oropharayngeal flora (increases # of microbes that can be aspirated)
Prolonged immobility
Chronic Disease
Gas Exchange Imbalance Causes:
,Impaired ventilation
Poor gas diffusion
Arterial Blood Gasses
test performed on arterial blood to determine levels of oxygen, carbon dioxide,
and pH
Define Acid Base Balance
Regulation of pH, bicarbonate concentration, and partial pressure of carbon
dioxide in body
Acid Base Balance Attributes (date/quality present for balance to exist)
Respiratory rate WNL
pH: 7.35-7.45
O2 Saturation over 95%
PaO2: 85-100
PaCO2: 35-45
EtCO2: 35-45
Acid Base Balance Antecedents (Must happen BEFORE concept)
Normal resp. & renal function
Normal Digestion
No Nausea/Vomiting
Good nutrition
Krebs Cycle
Normal Anion Gap
Oxyhemoglobin Dissassociation Curve
Negative Outcomes of Irregular Acid Base Balance
**Developes as a complication from another underlying condition
Change in LOC
, Anxiety
Tetany
Tingling
Seizures
Cardiac Ahrrythmias
Vomiting/Diarrhea
Cellular destruction
Death
Acid Base Sub-Concepts (critical components of major concept)
Compensatory mechanisms
Consequences of Disruption
Physiologic Process of Acid Base Balance
Nursing Interventions for people with disrupted acid base balance
SAFETY and comfort
Support Compensatory mechanisms
Admin. collaborative interventions (treatment, adjustment of pH)
Monitor for complications of therapy
Teach for future
Pulse Oximeter can be contraindicated by:
During CPR
During Adjustment of Mechanical Intervention
Hypovolemic Patient
What causes alkalosis?
hyperventilation
Too much bicarbonate (HCO3)
pH increases with increased HCO3
What causes acidosis?
TO NURSING CONCEPTS) NEWEST EXAM
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
LATEST UPDATES 2025-2026 (VERIFIED ANSWERS)
ALREADY GRADED A+
What is the main teaching points topic for the buffering system, the lungs, and
the kidneys called in regards to Acid Base Balance?
Compensatory Mechanisms
Patient is experiencing episodes of nausea and vomiting. Which type of heal care
or promotion is needed to strengthen antecedents?
Tertiary: used to treat someone that is already having negative consequencesGas
Exchange Risk Factors
Tobacco Use
Altered consciousness
Altered oropharayngeal flora (increases # of microbes that can be aspirated)
Prolonged immobility
Chronic Disease
Gas Exchange Imbalance Causes:
,Impaired ventilation
Poor gas diffusion
Arterial Blood Gasses
test performed on arterial blood to determine levels of oxygen, carbon dioxide,
and pH
Define Acid Base Balance
Regulation of pH, bicarbonate concentration, and partial pressure of carbon
dioxide in body
Acid Base Balance Attributes (date/quality present for balance to exist)
Respiratory rate WNL
pH: 7.35-7.45
O2 Saturation over 95%
PaO2: 85-100
PaCO2: 35-45
EtCO2: 35-45
Acid Base Balance Antecedents (Must happen BEFORE concept)
Normal resp. & renal function
Normal Digestion
No Nausea/Vomiting
Good nutrition
Krebs Cycle
Normal Anion Gap
Oxyhemoglobin Dissassociation Curve
Negative Outcomes of Irregular Acid Base Balance
**Developes as a complication from another underlying condition
Change in LOC
, Anxiety
Tetany
Tingling
Seizures
Cardiac Ahrrythmias
Vomiting/Diarrhea
Cellular destruction
Death
Acid Base Sub-Concepts (critical components of major concept)
Compensatory mechanisms
Consequences of Disruption
Physiologic Process of Acid Base Balance
Nursing Interventions for people with disrupted acid base balance
SAFETY and comfort
Support Compensatory mechanisms
Admin. collaborative interventions (treatment, adjustment of pH)
Monitor for complications of therapy
Teach for future
Pulse Oximeter can be contraindicated by:
During CPR
During Adjustment of Mechanical Intervention
Hypovolemic Patient
What causes alkalosis?
hyperventilation
Too much bicarbonate (HCO3)
pH increases with increased HCO3
What causes acidosis?
