WGU D440 Saunders Review Questions
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Carbohydrates
1. Carbohydrates are the preferred source of energy.
2. Each gram of a carbohydrate produces 4 kcal/g. Carbohydrates promote normal
fat metabolism; inadequate carbohydrate intake affects metabolism.
3. Carbohydrates serve as the main source of fuel, providing glucose for the brain
and for the skeletal muscles during exercise; carbohydrates also
promote erythrocyte and leukocyte production, and cell function.
4. Major food sources of carbohydrates include milk, grains, fruits, and
vegetables.
Fats
1. Fats provide a concentrated source and a stored form of energy.
2. Fats protect internal organs and maintain body temperature.
3. Fats enhance absorption of the fat-soluble vitamins.
4. Fats provide 9 kcal/g.
5. Inadequate intake of essential fatty acids leads to clinical manifestations
of sensitivity to cold, skin lesions, increased risk of infection, and
amenorrhea in women.
6. Diets high in fat can lead to obesity and increase the risk of cardiovascular
disease and some cancers.
Proteins
Proteins
1. Amino acids, which make up proteins, are critical to all aspects of growth and
development of body tissues and provide 4 kcal/g.
, 2. Proteins build and repair body tissues, regulate fluid balance, maintain acid-
base balance, produce antibodies, provide energy, and produce enzymes
and hormones.
3. Essential amino acids are required in the diet because the body cannot
manufacture them.
4. Complete proteins contain all essential amino acids; incomplete proteins lack
some of the essential fatty acids.
5. Inadequate protein can cause protein energy malnutrition and severe wasting
of fat and muscle tissue.
Major stages of the life span with specific nutritional needs are
pregnancy, lactation, infancy, childhood, and adolescence. Adults and older adults
may experience physiological changes related to aging that will influence individual
nutritional needs.
Define vitamin, and the role they play in the body.
1. Vitamins facilitate the metabolism of proteins, fats, and carbohydrates and act
as catalysts for metabolic functions.
2. Vitamins promote life and growth processes and maintain and regulate body
functions.
3. Fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E, and K can be stored in the body, so an excess can
cause toxicity.
4. The B vitamins and vitamin C are water-soluble vitamins, are not stored in
the body, and can be excreted in the urine.
Define Minerals and electrolytes and their functions.
1. Minerals are components of hormones, cells, tissues, and bones.
2. Minerals act as catalysts for chemical reactions and enhancers of cell
function.
and Answers Best rated A+ Guaranteed
Success Latest Update
Carbohydrates
1. Carbohydrates are the preferred source of energy.
2. Each gram of a carbohydrate produces 4 kcal/g. Carbohydrates promote normal
fat metabolism; inadequate carbohydrate intake affects metabolism.
3. Carbohydrates serve as the main source of fuel, providing glucose for the brain
and for the skeletal muscles during exercise; carbohydrates also
promote erythrocyte and leukocyte production, and cell function.
4. Major food sources of carbohydrates include milk, grains, fruits, and
vegetables.
Fats
1. Fats provide a concentrated source and a stored form of energy.
2. Fats protect internal organs and maintain body temperature.
3. Fats enhance absorption of the fat-soluble vitamins.
4. Fats provide 9 kcal/g.
5. Inadequate intake of essential fatty acids leads to clinical manifestations
of sensitivity to cold, skin lesions, increased risk of infection, and
amenorrhea in women.
6. Diets high in fat can lead to obesity and increase the risk of cardiovascular
disease and some cancers.
Proteins
Proteins
1. Amino acids, which make up proteins, are critical to all aspects of growth and
development of body tissues and provide 4 kcal/g.
, 2. Proteins build and repair body tissues, regulate fluid balance, maintain acid-
base balance, produce antibodies, provide energy, and produce enzymes
and hormones.
3. Essential amino acids are required in the diet because the body cannot
manufacture them.
4. Complete proteins contain all essential amino acids; incomplete proteins lack
some of the essential fatty acids.
5. Inadequate protein can cause protein energy malnutrition and severe wasting
of fat and muscle tissue.
Major stages of the life span with specific nutritional needs are
pregnancy, lactation, infancy, childhood, and adolescence. Adults and older adults
may experience physiological changes related to aging that will influence individual
nutritional needs.
Define vitamin, and the role they play in the body.
1. Vitamins facilitate the metabolism of proteins, fats, and carbohydrates and act
as catalysts for metabolic functions.
2. Vitamins promote life and growth processes and maintain and regulate body
functions.
3. Fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E, and K can be stored in the body, so an excess can
cause toxicity.
4. The B vitamins and vitamin C are water-soluble vitamins, are not stored in
the body, and can be excreted in the urine.
Define Minerals and electrolytes and their functions.
1. Minerals are components of hormones, cells, tissues, and bones.
2. Minerals act as catalysts for chemical reactions and enhancers of cell
function.
