ALU 101 Build & Blood Pressure Exam with precise ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
detailed answers ||\\|//||
The most powerful single predictor of future mortality - correct answer✔✔blood pressure
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level (with systolic & diastolic being independent risk factors). Although risk increases
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with rising levels of blood pressure, even mild hypertension significantly shortens life
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expectancy.
Systolic Blood Pressure - correct answer✔✔maximum pressure achieved during systole
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(the period of contraction of the heart)
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Systole - correct answer✔✔the period of contraction of the heart||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
Diatolic Blood Pressure - correct answer✔✔minimum pressure occurring at the end of
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diastole (the relaxation phase of the heart muscle) ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
Diastole - correct answer✔✔the relaxation phase of the heart muscle ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
Pulse Pressure - correct answer✔✔The difference between the systolic and diastolic blood
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pressures.
Hypertension - correct answer✔✔High Blood Pressure, defined as a sustained elevation in ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
systolic BP above 140/90 (with either number being elevated) ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
Hypotension - correct answer✔✔Low Blood Pressure, defined as a sitting position systolic ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
BP of 90 or lower that causes symptoms. Postural or orthostatic hypotension is defined as a
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drop in systolic BP of at least 20 mm Hg or a drop in diastolic BP of 10 mm Hg.
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, Normal Blood Pressure - correct answer✔✔less than 120/180 ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
Pre-Hypertension - correct answer✔✔120/80 - 139/89 ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
Stage 1 Hypertension - correct answer✔✔140/90 - 159/99
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Stage 2 Hypertension - correct answer✔✔160/100 and over
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Primary Hypertension - correct answer✔✔Accounts for 95% of hypertension, aka essential
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or idiopathic hypertension, has no identifiable cause.
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Secondary Hypertension - correct answer✔✔Accounts for 5% of cases of hypertension, is ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
due to an underlying disease or external cause.
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Diseases that can cause hypertension - correct answer✔✔Diseases of the kidney, thyroid
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and aorta, Cushing's syndrome, acromegaly, pheochromocytoma, primary
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hyperaldosteronism, sleep apnea, and pregnancy. ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
External causes of hypertension - correct answer✔✔NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti- ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
inflammatory drugs: ibuprofen, tylenol, etc), steroids, nicotine, alcohol, amphetamines, and ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
cocaine
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White-Coat Syndrome - correct answer✔✔high BP readings in the doctor's office with ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
normal readings in other settings, also called labile hypertension.
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Systolic Hypertension - correct answer✔✔Systolic BP over 140, Diastolic BP under 90.
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More common over age 50 ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
detailed answers ||\\|//||
The most powerful single predictor of future mortality - correct answer✔✔blood pressure
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level (with systolic & diastolic being independent risk factors). Although risk increases
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with rising levels of blood pressure, even mild hypertension significantly shortens life
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expectancy.
Systolic Blood Pressure - correct answer✔✔maximum pressure achieved during systole
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(the period of contraction of the heart)
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Systole - correct answer✔✔the period of contraction of the heart||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
Diatolic Blood Pressure - correct answer✔✔minimum pressure occurring at the end of
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diastole (the relaxation phase of the heart muscle) ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
Diastole - correct answer✔✔the relaxation phase of the heart muscle ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
Pulse Pressure - correct answer✔✔The difference between the systolic and diastolic blood
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pressures.
Hypertension - correct answer✔✔High Blood Pressure, defined as a sustained elevation in ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
systolic BP above 140/90 (with either number being elevated) ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
Hypotension - correct answer✔✔Low Blood Pressure, defined as a sitting position systolic ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
BP of 90 or lower that causes symptoms. Postural or orthostatic hypotension is defined as a
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drop in systolic BP of at least 20 mm Hg or a drop in diastolic BP of 10 mm Hg.
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, Normal Blood Pressure - correct answer✔✔less than 120/180 ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
Pre-Hypertension - correct answer✔✔120/80 - 139/89 ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
Stage 1 Hypertension - correct answer✔✔140/90 - 159/99
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Stage 2 Hypertension - correct answer✔✔160/100 and over
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Primary Hypertension - correct answer✔✔Accounts for 95% of hypertension, aka essential
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or idiopathic hypertension, has no identifiable cause.
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Secondary Hypertension - correct answer✔✔Accounts for 5% of cases of hypertension, is ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
due to an underlying disease or external cause.
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
Diseases that can cause hypertension - correct answer✔✔Diseases of the kidney, thyroid
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and aorta, Cushing's syndrome, acromegaly, pheochromocytoma, primary
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
hyperaldosteronism, sleep apnea, and pregnancy. ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
External causes of hypertension - correct answer✔✔NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti- ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
inflammatory drugs: ibuprofen, tylenol, etc), steroids, nicotine, alcohol, amphetamines, and ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
cocaine
||\\|//||
White-Coat Syndrome - correct answer✔✔high BP readings in the doctor's office with ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
normal readings in other settings, also called labile hypertension.
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Systolic Hypertension - correct answer✔✔Systolic BP over 140, Diastolic BP under 90.
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More common over age 50 ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
