A 14 year-old male with Down syndrome presents with new
onset neck pain and loss of bladder control after a game of
football. What is the most likely underlying pathophysiology of
the patient's complaint?
a. Atlantoaxial instability requiring immediate stabilization of
the cervical spine.
b. cervical muscle strain with no need for further intervention.
c. cervical muscle sprain with no need for further intervention.
d. cervical disc bulge with radiculopathy requiring immediate
stabilization of the cervical spine. correct answers a.
Atlantoaxial instability requiring immediate stabilization of the
cervical spine.
Aerobic metabolism correct answers Occurs inside the
mitochondria, requires oxygen, and has a high energy yield of
ATP
All of the following are correct about the human karyotype
EXCEPT:
a. The first 22 pairs are called autosomes
b. The 23rd pair are sex chromosomes
c. Each cell contains a total of 46 chromosomes
d. Females have one X and one Y chromosome (XY) correct
answers d. Females have one X and one Y chromosome (XY)
Females actually have two X chromosomes (XX) and males
have one X and one Y (XY)
, Anaerobic metabolism correct answers occurs outside the
mitochondria in the cytoplasm, oxygen is not required, and has a
low energy yield of ATP
Angelman's syndrome correct answers A neurodevelopmental
disorder with a phenotype of
apparent happy demeanor with frequent laughter and
hand-flapping
Apoptosis correct answers genetically programmed, organized
process that eliminates unwanted, unnecessary, or damaged cells
without inflammation or any adverse effects on surrounding
tissue
Atrophy correct answers cellular adaption in which cells revert
to a smaller size
Cystic fibrosis correct answers A life-limiting autosomal
recessive disease
characterized by deranged chloride transport, which
leads to thick, viscous secretions in the lungs, pancreas,
liver, and intestines
Cytoskeleton correct answers system of microfilaments,
intermediate filaments, and
microtubules that provide internal cell structure _
Down syndrome correct answers Trisomy 21 with a phenotype
of a flat facial profile,
epicanthal folds, slanted eyes, low-set ears, and
protruding tongue