Biology 3 Exam 1 questions with
verified answers
Biology - ANS ✔✔the study of life
*** When is something considered living? - ANS ✔✔1. Composed of cells (1 or more)
2. Acquires, stores, and uses energy to survive (via metabolism)
3. Senses and makes controlled responses to conditions in internal and external environments
(responds to stimuli)
4. Maintains constant internal environments (homeostasis)
5. Grows, develops, and reproduces according to inherited genetic info (DNA)
6. All organisms evolve, as evolution is the basis for diversity of life (endosymbiosis: prokaryotes
become eukaryotes)
Cell - ANS ✔✔basic unit of life
processes include growth, replication, repair, metabolism, protein synthesis, energy production
and motility
2 types of cells - ANS ✔✔Prokaryotes (Archae & Bacteria)
Eukaryotes (Plants, Animals, Fungi, Protists)
Virus - ANS ✔✔non-living parasites
non-cellular; replicate themselves by insertion into the DNA of the host.
,*** Levels of organization in living systems - ANS ✔✔Atoms: the smallest most fundamental
unit of matter. Elements (118) are made of atoms (e.g. Oxygen [O])
Molecules: are made of two or more atoms, held together by a chemical bond . They can be
found in all matters, living and non-living. (e.g. Dioxide [O2])
Organelle: a membrane bound structure in a cell that has a specific function (Macromolecules;
e.g. Phospholipid)
Cell: basic unit of life. There are 2 types of cells (e.g. Clara Cell)
Tissue: a group of cells having the same function (e.g. Epithelial Tissue)
Organ: a group of tissues having the same function (e.g. Lung)
Organ system: a group of organs that have the same function (e.g. Respiratory System)
Organisms: an individual of a species. Species is an organism with the ability to reproduce and
produce viable offspring (e.g. Panthera leo [Lion])
Species: group of similar looking organism that have ability to mate and make viable offspring
(e.g. West African lion)
Populations: a group of individuals of the same species in the same geographic area. Evolution
produces changes in the population. (e.g. Pride of lions)
,Community: a group of different populations in the same geographic area. (e.g. Lions and
Zebras)
Ecosystems: a group of communities in the same geographic area, it includes biotic and abiotic
factors. (e.g. Lions, Zebras, and the Environment)
Biosphere: the zone of life on Earth; the worldwide sum of all ecosystems (e.g. Life on Earth)
Foundation for life's diversity - ANS ✔✔evolution by natural selection (mutations among
individuals = diversity among populations; natural selection chooses the best fit)
5 kingdoms of life - ANS ✔✔Kingdom of Protists (Kingdom Protista): protozoans, algae, etc. (the
first eukaryotes, they are more complex. Some reproduce sexually and asexually. Some are
single-celled, others are multicellular. Some are animal-like heterotrophs, aka consumers
"protozoans". Others are plant-like, autotrophs, aka producers "algae" that photosynthesize.
Others are fungal-like, heterotrophs that decompose. Most are aquatic)
Kingdom of Monerans (Kingdom Monera): bacteria & archaea (Cells are prokaryotic, simple, all
are single-celled and they don't reproduce sexually. Many are beneficial and some causes
diseases. They are not visible with the naked eye and require a magnification of 1500 X to see in
a microscope)
Kingdom of Fungi (Kingdom Fungi): mushrooms, yeast, mold, etc. (All are eukaryotes, cells are
elongated and called hypha, they reproduce sexually and asexually using "spores". All are
multicellular. They are heterotrophs and they are decomposers)
Kingdom of Plants (Kingdom Plantae): broad-leaved tree, conifer tree, fern, moss, etc. (All are
producers [autotrophs] that have large eukaryotic cells that are typically green, 3 organelles are
unique to plants, they have more organelles than other eukaryotes. All are multicellular and
reproduce sexually and asexually. There are 4 phyla of plants)
, Kingdom of Animals (Kingdom Animalia): insect, squid, horse, earthworm, sponge, etc. (All are
heterotrophs and cells are eukaryotic. All are mobile, multicellular, and reproduce sexually.
There are 9 animal phyla)
Heterotroph vs. Autotroph - ANS ✔✔Heterotrophs are consumers: Some consumers eat
(animals, some Protista). Others decompose and absorb (fungi, some Protista, some bacteria
(Monera)
Autotrophs are producers: There are three groups of photosynthetic organisms. (plants, green
Protista [algae], green bacteria)
Interactions in an ecosystem - ANS ✔✔Abiotic and Biotic
Inter and intra specific interaction
Each organism occupies a specific niche
Each organism lives in a specific habitat
The habitat selects for the most fit
Studies at the community level - ANS ✔✔examine processes such as predator-prey population
dynamics or succession
important to understand how different populations alter species richness, biodiversity,
productivity (ecology), and the food web. (e.g. impact of a zebra on the population of grasses)
verified answers
Biology - ANS ✔✔the study of life
*** When is something considered living? - ANS ✔✔1. Composed of cells (1 or more)
2. Acquires, stores, and uses energy to survive (via metabolism)
3. Senses and makes controlled responses to conditions in internal and external environments
(responds to stimuli)
4. Maintains constant internal environments (homeostasis)
5. Grows, develops, and reproduces according to inherited genetic info (DNA)
6. All organisms evolve, as evolution is the basis for diversity of life (endosymbiosis: prokaryotes
become eukaryotes)
Cell - ANS ✔✔basic unit of life
processes include growth, replication, repair, metabolism, protein synthesis, energy production
and motility
2 types of cells - ANS ✔✔Prokaryotes (Archae & Bacteria)
Eukaryotes (Plants, Animals, Fungi, Protists)
Virus - ANS ✔✔non-living parasites
non-cellular; replicate themselves by insertion into the DNA of the host.
,*** Levels of organization in living systems - ANS ✔✔Atoms: the smallest most fundamental
unit of matter. Elements (118) are made of atoms (e.g. Oxygen [O])
Molecules: are made of two or more atoms, held together by a chemical bond . They can be
found in all matters, living and non-living. (e.g. Dioxide [O2])
Organelle: a membrane bound structure in a cell that has a specific function (Macromolecules;
e.g. Phospholipid)
Cell: basic unit of life. There are 2 types of cells (e.g. Clara Cell)
Tissue: a group of cells having the same function (e.g. Epithelial Tissue)
Organ: a group of tissues having the same function (e.g. Lung)
Organ system: a group of organs that have the same function (e.g. Respiratory System)
Organisms: an individual of a species. Species is an organism with the ability to reproduce and
produce viable offspring (e.g. Panthera leo [Lion])
Species: group of similar looking organism that have ability to mate and make viable offspring
(e.g. West African lion)
Populations: a group of individuals of the same species in the same geographic area. Evolution
produces changes in the population. (e.g. Pride of lions)
,Community: a group of different populations in the same geographic area. (e.g. Lions and
Zebras)
Ecosystems: a group of communities in the same geographic area, it includes biotic and abiotic
factors. (e.g. Lions, Zebras, and the Environment)
Biosphere: the zone of life on Earth; the worldwide sum of all ecosystems (e.g. Life on Earth)
Foundation for life's diversity - ANS ✔✔evolution by natural selection (mutations among
individuals = diversity among populations; natural selection chooses the best fit)
5 kingdoms of life - ANS ✔✔Kingdom of Protists (Kingdom Protista): protozoans, algae, etc. (the
first eukaryotes, they are more complex. Some reproduce sexually and asexually. Some are
single-celled, others are multicellular. Some are animal-like heterotrophs, aka consumers
"protozoans". Others are plant-like, autotrophs, aka producers "algae" that photosynthesize.
Others are fungal-like, heterotrophs that decompose. Most are aquatic)
Kingdom of Monerans (Kingdom Monera): bacteria & archaea (Cells are prokaryotic, simple, all
are single-celled and they don't reproduce sexually. Many are beneficial and some causes
diseases. They are not visible with the naked eye and require a magnification of 1500 X to see in
a microscope)
Kingdom of Fungi (Kingdom Fungi): mushrooms, yeast, mold, etc. (All are eukaryotes, cells are
elongated and called hypha, they reproduce sexually and asexually using "spores". All are
multicellular. They are heterotrophs and they are decomposers)
Kingdom of Plants (Kingdom Plantae): broad-leaved tree, conifer tree, fern, moss, etc. (All are
producers [autotrophs] that have large eukaryotic cells that are typically green, 3 organelles are
unique to plants, they have more organelles than other eukaryotes. All are multicellular and
reproduce sexually and asexually. There are 4 phyla of plants)
, Kingdom of Animals (Kingdom Animalia): insect, squid, horse, earthworm, sponge, etc. (All are
heterotrophs and cells are eukaryotic. All are mobile, multicellular, and reproduce sexually.
There are 9 animal phyla)
Heterotroph vs. Autotroph - ANS ✔✔Heterotrophs are consumers: Some consumers eat
(animals, some Protista). Others decompose and absorb (fungi, some Protista, some bacteria
(Monera)
Autotrophs are producers: There are three groups of photosynthetic organisms. (plants, green
Protista [algae], green bacteria)
Interactions in an ecosystem - ANS ✔✔Abiotic and Biotic
Inter and intra specific interaction
Each organism occupies a specific niche
Each organism lives in a specific habitat
The habitat selects for the most fit
Studies at the community level - ANS ✔✔examine processes such as predator-prey population
dynamics or succession
important to understand how different populations alter species richness, biodiversity,
productivity (ecology), and the food web. (e.g. impact of a zebra on the population of grasses)
