INPA Level 4 Prep / 4006 Final Prep
UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and
CORRECT Answers
What is colonization? - CORRECT ANSWER - No S&S of illness
What is infection? - CORRECT ANSWER - Organism gets past host defences, becomes
pathogen, causes disease
What is an epidemic? - CORRECT ANSWER - Periodic occurrence of a disease affecting
large # of people.
What is the S in C&S? - CORRECT ANSWER - Sensitivity
What is TB? - CORRECT ANSWER - Tuberculosis - airborne, kills more adults, low
income countries
What is the TB infectious agent? - CORRECT ANSWER - Mycobacterium tuberculosis -
acid fast aerobic rod, slow growth incubation 2-12 weeks, sensitive to heat & UV. Can lay
dormant for years.
What are TB risk factors? - CORRECT ANSWER - Exposure, immunosuppressed,
substance abuse, poor living conditions, limited access to health care, Hx of inadequate Tx.
What are TB symptoms? - CORRECT ANSWER - Insidious, low grade fever, cough 3+
weeks / nonproductive / mucopurulent / blood tinged, night sweats, weight loss, chest pain,
fatigue.
What is a normal Mantoux Tuberculin skin test? - CORRECT ANSWER - Either no firm
bump at test site; or bump LESS THAN 5mm (0.2in).
,This is a negative result.
What is an abnormal Mantoux Tuberculin skin test? - CORRECT ANSWER - High risk -
firm bump 5mm (0.2in)
Moderate risk - firm bump 10mm (0.4in)
Low risk - firm bump 15mm (0.6in)
These are positive results.
What are the Tx options for TB? - CORRECT ANSWER - On meds for 6-12 months
(compliance an issue)
INH (Isoniazid)
Rifampin
Pyrazinamide (Vit B6)
Streptomycin
Ethambutol
After 2-3 weeks AND 3 neg. sputum smears pt considered non-infectious but must continue
meds for remaining time.
What are protective measures for TB? - CORRECT ANSWER - - N95
- Neg. pressure room, isolation
- Gowns/gloves if coughing (standard precautions)
What is MRSA? - CORRECT ANSWER - Methicillin Resistant Staph Aureus
, - Methicillin (same as Cloxacillin)
- 25% have nasal colonization of staph, some is MRSA
- Acquired by hospital stays or community
- Skin infections, pneumonia, and bloodstream infections (if MRSA gets past body defenses)
What are MRSA risk factors? - CORRECT ANSWER - - Elderly, sick, immunosuppressed
- Open wounds
- Tubes
- Receiving broad-spectrum Abx.
- ICU or burnt unit
- Injection drug users
- Crowded living conditions
How is MRSA transmitted? - CORRECT ANSWER - Direct physical contact OR indirect
by touching contaminated objects (survives objects: days to months, hands: 3 hours)
What is the Tx for MRSA? - CORRECT ANSWER - For infected pt - Vancomycin,
Chlorhexidine soap, Mupiricin ointment
For colonized pt - can be decontaminated "decolonized protocol"
What are protective measures for MRSA? - CORRECT ANSWER - - Private
room/cohorts
- Gowns/ Gloves
- Mask if MRSA is in sputum
UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and
CORRECT Answers
What is colonization? - CORRECT ANSWER - No S&S of illness
What is infection? - CORRECT ANSWER - Organism gets past host defences, becomes
pathogen, causes disease
What is an epidemic? - CORRECT ANSWER - Periodic occurrence of a disease affecting
large # of people.
What is the S in C&S? - CORRECT ANSWER - Sensitivity
What is TB? - CORRECT ANSWER - Tuberculosis - airborne, kills more adults, low
income countries
What is the TB infectious agent? - CORRECT ANSWER - Mycobacterium tuberculosis -
acid fast aerobic rod, slow growth incubation 2-12 weeks, sensitive to heat & UV. Can lay
dormant for years.
What are TB risk factors? - CORRECT ANSWER - Exposure, immunosuppressed,
substance abuse, poor living conditions, limited access to health care, Hx of inadequate Tx.
What are TB symptoms? - CORRECT ANSWER - Insidious, low grade fever, cough 3+
weeks / nonproductive / mucopurulent / blood tinged, night sweats, weight loss, chest pain,
fatigue.
What is a normal Mantoux Tuberculin skin test? - CORRECT ANSWER - Either no firm
bump at test site; or bump LESS THAN 5mm (0.2in).
,This is a negative result.
What is an abnormal Mantoux Tuberculin skin test? - CORRECT ANSWER - High risk -
firm bump 5mm (0.2in)
Moderate risk - firm bump 10mm (0.4in)
Low risk - firm bump 15mm (0.6in)
These are positive results.
What are the Tx options for TB? - CORRECT ANSWER - On meds for 6-12 months
(compliance an issue)
INH (Isoniazid)
Rifampin
Pyrazinamide (Vit B6)
Streptomycin
Ethambutol
After 2-3 weeks AND 3 neg. sputum smears pt considered non-infectious but must continue
meds for remaining time.
What are protective measures for TB? - CORRECT ANSWER - - N95
- Neg. pressure room, isolation
- Gowns/gloves if coughing (standard precautions)
What is MRSA? - CORRECT ANSWER - Methicillin Resistant Staph Aureus
, - Methicillin (same as Cloxacillin)
- 25% have nasal colonization of staph, some is MRSA
- Acquired by hospital stays or community
- Skin infections, pneumonia, and bloodstream infections (if MRSA gets past body defenses)
What are MRSA risk factors? - CORRECT ANSWER - - Elderly, sick, immunosuppressed
- Open wounds
- Tubes
- Receiving broad-spectrum Abx.
- ICU or burnt unit
- Injection drug users
- Crowded living conditions
How is MRSA transmitted? - CORRECT ANSWER - Direct physical contact OR indirect
by touching contaminated objects (survives objects: days to months, hands: 3 hours)
What is the Tx for MRSA? - CORRECT ANSWER - For infected pt - Vancomycin,
Chlorhexidine soap, Mupiricin ointment
For colonized pt - can be decontaminated "decolonized protocol"
What are protective measures for MRSA? - CORRECT ANSWER - - Private
room/cohorts
- Gowns/ Gloves
- Mask if MRSA is in sputum
