NURS 640 TEST 2025 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
What are some systemic/constitutional symptoms of fever?
Fever, malaise, weight loss, appetite changes
What are some localized symptoms of a fever?
ENT, sputum, urinary/stool changes, skin, wound
How do you assess for a fever?
Look at systemic and localized symptoms, fever severity, rash, rigors, muscle pain, and neck
stiffness
What could a fever with muscle pain indicate?
sepsis
What could a fever with a stiff neck indicate?
meningitis
Acute HIV infection symptoms
Generalized illness during first 0-3 months (spec 2-4wks)
Rarely opportunistic infection present
T/F HIV antibody testing may be negative up to 3 months?
True
T/F it is not easy to misdiagnose acute HIV
,False- it is easily misdiagnosed
Advanced HIV infection is when the CD4 is what?
<50
Chronic HIV infection is defined as:
CD4 returns to >200 with treatment
AIDS is defined as a CD4 count of what or the presence of what?
CD4 <200 or presence of AIDS defining opportunistic infection/disease
List of AIDS defining opportunistic infection (OI) or disease?
Cryptococcal meningitis
Cytomegalovirus retinitis
esophageal candidiasis or recurrent vaginal candidiasis
herpes simplex infection
herpes zoster
kaposi sarcoma
mycobacterium
non-hodgkins lymphoma
toxoplasmosis
HIV therapy monitoring includes:
Viral load: quantitative plasma HIV RNA
monitors ART (antiretroviral therapy) effectiveness
, Initial tests for HIV
ELISA and Western blot confirming HIV
Indications for removal of a central line?
purulence at insertion site
S. aureus, candida, or gram neg rods
persistent bacteremia (>48hrs on abx)
Complications (thrombo-emboli)
Empiric antibiotic for catheter associated infection
Vanco- for MRSA
Consider gram negative coverage for immunocompromised/critically ill
Infection prophylaxis with HIV/AIDS- any CD4 level
HBV, HAV, influenza, hem influenza type b, pneumococcal, varicella-zoster, HPV,
meningococcal, TDap, MMR
Infection prophylaxis with HIV/AIDS CD4<200 or CD4 percent <14
pneumocystitis jirovecil pneumonia prophylaxis
Infection prophylaxs with HIV/AIDS CD4 <75 or <50
mycobacterium avirum complex prophylaxis
CD4<50
consider CMV prophylaxis
ANSWERS
What are some systemic/constitutional symptoms of fever?
Fever, malaise, weight loss, appetite changes
What are some localized symptoms of a fever?
ENT, sputum, urinary/stool changes, skin, wound
How do you assess for a fever?
Look at systemic and localized symptoms, fever severity, rash, rigors, muscle pain, and neck
stiffness
What could a fever with muscle pain indicate?
sepsis
What could a fever with a stiff neck indicate?
meningitis
Acute HIV infection symptoms
Generalized illness during first 0-3 months (spec 2-4wks)
Rarely opportunistic infection present
T/F HIV antibody testing may be negative up to 3 months?
True
T/F it is not easy to misdiagnose acute HIV
,False- it is easily misdiagnosed
Advanced HIV infection is when the CD4 is what?
<50
Chronic HIV infection is defined as:
CD4 returns to >200 with treatment
AIDS is defined as a CD4 count of what or the presence of what?
CD4 <200 or presence of AIDS defining opportunistic infection/disease
List of AIDS defining opportunistic infection (OI) or disease?
Cryptococcal meningitis
Cytomegalovirus retinitis
esophageal candidiasis or recurrent vaginal candidiasis
herpes simplex infection
herpes zoster
kaposi sarcoma
mycobacterium
non-hodgkins lymphoma
toxoplasmosis
HIV therapy monitoring includes:
Viral load: quantitative plasma HIV RNA
monitors ART (antiretroviral therapy) effectiveness
, Initial tests for HIV
ELISA and Western blot confirming HIV
Indications for removal of a central line?
purulence at insertion site
S. aureus, candida, or gram neg rods
persistent bacteremia (>48hrs on abx)
Complications (thrombo-emboli)
Empiric antibiotic for catheter associated infection
Vanco- for MRSA
Consider gram negative coverage for immunocompromised/critically ill
Infection prophylaxis with HIV/AIDS- any CD4 level
HBV, HAV, influenza, hem influenza type b, pneumococcal, varicella-zoster, HPV,
meningococcal, TDap, MMR
Infection prophylaxis with HIV/AIDS CD4<200 or CD4 percent <14
pneumocystitis jirovecil pneumonia prophylaxis
Infection prophylaxs with HIV/AIDS CD4 <75 or <50
mycobacterium avirum complex prophylaxis
CD4<50
consider CMV prophylaxis
