Page |1
NURS 231-Pathophysiology Module 3, 4 & 5) |Actual Exam
Questions and Accurate Answers (100% Verified)
|Already Graded A+.
1. An accessory organ of the gastrointestinal system which secretes bicarbonates and enzymes
is the:
a. stomach
b. pancreas
c. oesophagus
d. large intestine. -CORRECT ✓✓ B. See text reference.*
2. The enteric nervous system:
a. is independent of the peripheral nervous system
b. is part of the parasympathetic nervous system
c. is part of the sympathetic nervous system
d. is independent of the control of the central nervous system. -CORRECT ✓✓ D. The enteric nervous system is
self-regulating and some activity is independent of the central nervous system.*
3. Which one of the following directly stimulates acid secretion from parietal cells?
a. Chyme
b. Prostaglandins E2 and I2
c. Gastrin
d. Pepsin -CORRECT ✓✓ C. See text reference. Gastrin is a hormone involved in regulation of stomach
function.*
4. Hypersecretion of acid and erosion of the duodenum are symptoms of:
a. acute gastritis
b. reflux oesophagitis
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, Page |2
c. peptic ulcer disease
d. chronic gastritis. -CORRECT ✓✓ C. Peptic ulcer disease can include stomach and duodenal ulcers.
5. Induction of vomiting involves a coordinated response between:
a. the vestibular apparatus and the chemoreceptor trigger zone
b. the chemoreceptor trigger zone and the vomiting centre
c. sight and smell of noxious stimulants
d. abdominal muscle and diaphragm contractions. -CORRECT ✓✓ B. Induction of vomiting is a complex event
involving many neurotransmitters. The CTZ may
detect noxious stimuli and it signals the vomiting centre to induce vomiting.
6. Which process is undertaken in the small intestine?
a. Absorption of 90% of nutrients
b. Digestion by bacterial action
c. Mixing and churning of chyme
d. Reflex actions such as defecation. -CORRECT ✓✓ A. Throughout the 6-7 metres of the small intestine
enzymatic breakdown of nutrients and their
absorption occur.
7. Damage to the gall bladder would lead to notable defects in the:
a. storage of glycogen
b. synthesis of bile salts
c. storage of bile and lipid emulsification
d. metabolism of carbohydrates and lipids. -CORRECT ✓✓ C. The gallbladder stores and concentrates bile. Bile
salts aid in the emulsification and
absorption of lipids.
8. The final stage of digestion in the large intestine is assisted by:
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, Page |3
a. sodium bicarbonate
b. enzymes
c. bile
d. bacterial action. -CORRECT ✓✓ D. The large intestine contains bacteria which ferment carbohydrates,
release gases and also
synthesize vitamin K.
9. In a case of diarrhoea, a suspected cause may be:
a. drugs, such as codeine
b. diseases
c. inadequate fluid intake
d. lack of dietary fibre. -CORRECT ✓✓ B. Diarrhoea is frequently caused by bacteria or viruses.
10. What is the name for the reflex action where faeces are expelled from the rectum?
a. Diverticulosis
b. Defecation
c. Diarrhoea
d. Constipation -CORRECT ✓✓ B. Refer to text.
During an assessment, a person begins to cough. The nurse realises that this means what?
a. The person is trying to expel sputum
b. The person has a cold
c. Something other than air was entering the larynx
d. The person has a respiratory infection - CORRECT ✓✓
The nurse is performing a lung assessment on a client with suspected pneumonia. Which of the following
assessments should the nurse report to the physician immediately?
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, Page |4
a. Bilateral symmetric vocal fremitus
b. Asymmetric chest expansion
c. Chest symmetrical
d. Breath sounds equal bilaterally - CORRECT ✓✓ b. Asymmetric chest expansion
A baby holding its breath will:
a. automatically start to breathe again when the CO2 levels in the blood reach a certain value
b. suffer brain damage due to low blood oxygen levels
c. suffer cardiac damage due to increased pressure in the carotid sinus and the aortic arch
d. be called a 'blue baby' - CORRECT ✓✓ a. automatically start to breathe again when the CO2 levels in the
blood reach a certain value
The nurse knows that a thorax deformity called pigeon chest is:
a. a congenital deformity
b. often caused by a vitamin D deficiency
c. often caused by blunt force injury
d. often caused by smoking - CORRECT ✓✓ b. often caused by a vitamin D deficiency
The percussive sound that the nurse should hear over the normal lung fields is called:
a. Resonance
b. Tympany
c. Vesicular
d. Timbre - CORRECT ✓✓ a. Resonance
Spirometry measures:
a. the anatomical dead space
b. the percentage of functioning alveoli
c. Respiratory volumes and capacities
4
NURS 231-Pathophysiology Module 3, 4 & 5) |Actual Exam
Questions and Accurate Answers (100% Verified)
|Already Graded A+.
1. An accessory organ of the gastrointestinal system which secretes bicarbonates and enzymes
is the:
a. stomach
b. pancreas
c. oesophagus
d. large intestine. -CORRECT ✓✓ B. See text reference.*
2. The enteric nervous system:
a. is independent of the peripheral nervous system
b. is part of the parasympathetic nervous system
c. is part of the sympathetic nervous system
d. is independent of the control of the central nervous system. -CORRECT ✓✓ D. The enteric nervous system is
self-regulating and some activity is independent of the central nervous system.*
3. Which one of the following directly stimulates acid secretion from parietal cells?
a. Chyme
b. Prostaglandins E2 and I2
c. Gastrin
d. Pepsin -CORRECT ✓✓ C. See text reference. Gastrin is a hormone involved in regulation of stomach
function.*
4. Hypersecretion of acid and erosion of the duodenum are symptoms of:
a. acute gastritis
b. reflux oesophagitis
1
, Page |2
c. peptic ulcer disease
d. chronic gastritis. -CORRECT ✓✓ C. Peptic ulcer disease can include stomach and duodenal ulcers.
5. Induction of vomiting involves a coordinated response between:
a. the vestibular apparatus and the chemoreceptor trigger zone
b. the chemoreceptor trigger zone and the vomiting centre
c. sight and smell of noxious stimulants
d. abdominal muscle and diaphragm contractions. -CORRECT ✓✓ B. Induction of vomiting is a complex event
involving many neurotransmitters. The CTZ may
detect noxious stimuli and it signals the vomiting centre to induce vomiting.
6. Which process is undertaken in the small intestine?
a. Absorption of 90% of nutrients
b. Digestion by bacterial action
c. Mixing and churning of chyme
d. Reflex actions such as defecation. -CORRECT ✓✓ A. Throughout the 6-7 metres of the small intestine
enzymatic breakdown of nutrients and their
absorption occur.
7. Damage to the gall bladder would lead to notable defects in the:
a. storage of glycogen
b. synthesis of bile salts
c. storage of bile and lipid emulsification
d. metabolism of carbohydrates and lipids. -CORRECT ✓✓ C. The gallbladder stores and concentrates bile. Bile
salts aid in the emulsification and
absorption of lipids.
8. The final stage of digestion in the large intestine is assisted by:
2
, Page |3
a. sodium bicarbonate
b. enzymes
c. bile
d. bacterial action. -CORRECT ✓✓ D. The large intestine contains bacteria which ferment carbohydrates,
release gases and also
synthesize vitamin K.
9. In a case of diarrhoea, a suspected cause may be:
a. drugs, such as codeine
b. diseases
c. inadequate fluid intake
d. lack of dietary fibre. -CORRECT ✓✓ B. Diarrhoea is frequently caused by bacteria or viruses.
10. What is the name for the reflex action where faeces are expelled from the rectum?
a. Diverticulosis
b. Defecation
c. Diarrhoea
d. Constipation -CORRECT ✓✓ B. Refer to text.
During an assessment, a person begins to cough. The nurse realises that this means what?
a. The person is trying to expel sputum
b. The person has a cold
c. Something other than air was entering the larynx
d. The person has a respiratory infection - CORRECT ✓✓
The nurse is performing a lung assessment on a client with suspected pneumonia. Which of the following
assessments should the nurse report to the physician immediately?
3
, Page |4
a. Bilateral symmetric vocal fremitus
b. Asymmetric chest expansion
c. Chest symmetrical
d. Breath sounds equal bilaterally - CORRECT ✓✓ b. Asymmetric chest expansion
A baby holding its breath will:
a. automatically start to breathe again when the CO2 levels in the blood reach a certain value
b. suffer brain damage due to low blood oxygen levels
c. suffer cardiac damage due to increased pressure in the carotid sinus and the aortic arch
d. be called a 'blue baby' - CORRECT ✓✓ a. automatically start to breathe again when the CO2 levels in the
blood reach a certain value
The nurse knows that a thorax deformity called pigeon chest is:
a. a congenital deformity
b. often caused by a vitamin D deficiency
c. often caused by blunt force injury
d. often caused by smoking - CORRECT ✓✓ b. often caused by a vitamin D deficiency
The percussive sound that the nurse should hear over the normal lung fields is called:
a. Resonance
b. Tympany
c. Vesicular
d. Timbre - CORRECT ✓✓ a. Resonance
Spirometry measures:
a. the anatomical dead space
b. the percentage of functioning alveoli
c. Respiratory volumes and capacities
4
