DEP 3053 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE 2025-2026
to agree with an opinion that sometimes what is right and wrong differs based on the content -
Answers Someone who have developed a post-formal thinking would be more likely
______________________.
the Zone of Proximal Development - Answers Vygotsky is best known for
__________________________-.
it is an idea that children construct knowledge within social interactions - Answers What aspect
of Vygotsky's perspective has gained particularly more attention in recent years?
Substage 1: simple reflexes of the sensorimotor stage
accomodation - Answers Choose ALL correct answers: Beth normally breast-feeds her baby;
however, during the workday Beth's mother watches her baby, and the baby must be fed with a
bottle. Beth has noticed that her baby's approach to being bottle-fed is somewhat different than
when the baby is being breast-fed. Piaget would say that this is an example of
Substage 3: secondary circular reactions - Answers Baby Lucy is 8-months-old. She picks up a
toy in her crib and accidentally hits her crib with the toy, making an interesting noise. She begins
to drag the toy back and forth against the sides of the crib's railing, which produces another
different and interesting sound. This prompts Lucy to continue repeating the action over and
over again. Piaget would say that this is an example of
substage 3: secondary circular reactions - Answers Baby Jimmy's parent places a brand new
rattle in his crib, and Jimmy immediately picks it up and tries to mouth the rattle. When it shakes,
it makes noise. Jimmy immediately tries shaking the rattle in different ways to see how the
sound changes. He seems to enjoy this activity. Piaget would say that this is an example of
egocentric thought - Answers 3-year-old Randy occasionally talks to himself in front of others,
and ignores his mother's instructions to come to the table and eat with his family. In this
example, Randy is demonstrating
conversation - Answers Johnny is a 4-year-old youngster who is having lunch with his mother
and sister. When his mother pours the milk that is left in the carton into the children's glasses,
she finds that there isn't enough to fill both glasses, so she carefully pours half of the milk in the
shorter, fatter glass into a thin, taller glass in front of Johnny's sister. Immediately, Johnny
complains that his sister got more milk than he did, and even when his mother tries to explain
that they both got the same amount, Johnny insisted he was right. In this example, Johnny is
demonstrating a lack of development in the area of
egocentric thought - Answers 3-year-old Wendy is playing hide-and-seek with some older
,children. However, instead of running to find a hiding place away from the other children, Wendy
simply covers her eyes. In this example, Wendy is demonstrating
object permanence - Answers Baby Nicholas watches as his mother leaves the room, but he
does not cry because he understands that his mother still exists even though he cannot see her.
This is an example of which reaction concept?
assimiliation - Answers Four-year-old Alex and his mother visited the zoo. While they were there,
Alex's mother took him to see the squirrel exhibit. Alex saw many different types of squirrels,
but when he saw a flying squirrel glide from one branch to the next he pointed and said, "A bird."
Considering Piaget's work, Alex is demonstrating an example of
accommodation - Answers Five-year-old Alex and his mother visited the zoo. While they were
there, Alex's mother took him to see the squirrel exhibit. Alex saw many different types of
squirrels, but when he saw a flying squirrel glide from one branch to the next he pointed and
said, "A bird with a tail." Considering Piaget's work, Alex is demonstrating an example of
propositional thought - Answers According to Piaget, what do adolescents employ during the
formal operational stage of development that helps them reason differently than children in the
concrete development stage?
preschool years; preoperational - Answers Piaget believed that the _______ fit entirely in a single
stage of cognitive development called ___________ stage.
preoperational - Answers If a preschool child thinks largely in an egocentric manner, then from
the Piaget's perspective he would say that the child is in the ________ stage.
4-8 months of age - Answers Piaget's Substage 3: Secondary circular reactions stage occurs for
infants in the age range of
assimilating the comb into his existing schemes - Answers While being dressed for bed, 7-
month-old Darnell picked up new baby's comb that his mother just bought for him. Darnell had
never seen this before and didn't know how it was used, so he tried to put it in his mouth. Piaget
might say that Darnell was
level of physical maturation; the nature of the social environment in which the child is raised -
Answers Piaget believed that the exact timing of a stage reflects an interaction between the
infant's ________ and __________.
Vygotsky - Answers Which developmental psychologist believed that cognitive development is a
result of social interactions in which children learn through guided participation and working
with mentors to solve problems?
concrete operational - Answers What is the term that refers to the period of cognitive
development between 7 and 12 years of age, which is characterized by the active, and
, appropriate, use of logic?
learning theory approach - Answers Almost every time Baby Will articulates the word "da," his
father picks him up with joy, smiles, and praises his son for trying to say "dad." The father's
behavior reinforces Will's behavior, and this is an example of
rises; falls - Answers Evidence comparing American English, German, and Mandarin Chinese
speakers shows that in each language, a mother's pitch _________ when a mother is attempting
to get an infant's attention and ________ when she is try to calm an infant.
interactionist perspective - Answers Which theory of language acquisition combines several
schools of thought to hypothesize that language development is produced through a
combination of genetic predispositions and environmental circumstances that help teach
language?
pragmatics - Answers When a young child begins to learn how to take turns in conversation,
stay on topic, and give appropriate responses such as "please" and "thank you," the child is
demonstrating knowledge of
linguistic-relativity hypothesis - Answers The __________________ states that language shapes
and may even determine the way people of a particular culture perceive the world.
Pedro will maintain sensitivity and ability to discriminate sounds of English and Spanish
languages even after 9 months - Answers Pedro is born in America but is exposed to English
and Spanish from birth because his parents speak both languages at home fluently. Given what
we know from research on infant perception we can predict that____________________.
by interacting naturally with humans - Answers Complete the sentence: According to Dr. Savage
-Rumbaugh, bonobos have acquired geometric language __________________________
Nativist - Answers Read the following scenario and determine which perspective does this
anecdotal evidence support most strongly?
Although Angela does not speak French, she was able to translate an English sentence (that's
her native language) into French. She used a French dictionary to translate the English words
into French and then arranged them in the same order as she would arrange them in English. To
her surprise, her French friend was able to understand the sentence, even though it did have
some grammatical errors
interactionist - Answers Research on bonobos supports what perspective most strongly?
Learning - Answers Read the following scenario and determine what perspective does this
anecdotal evidence support most strongly?
to agree with an opinion that sometimes what is right and wrong differs based on the content -
Answers Someone who have developed a post-formal thinking would be more likely
______________________.
the Zone of Proximal Development - Answers Vygotsky is best known for
__________________________-.
it is an idea that children construct knowledge within social interactions - Answers What aspect
of Vygotsky's perspective has gained particularly more attention in recent years?
Substage 1: simple reflexes of the sensorimotor stage
accomodation - Answers Choose ALL correct answers: Beth normally breast-feeds her baby;
however, during the workday Beth's mother watches her baby, and the baby must be fed with a
bottle. Beth has noticed that her baby's approach to being bottle-fed is somewhat different than
when the baby is being breast-fed. Piaget would say that this is an example of
Substage 3: secondary circular reactions - Answers Baby Lucy is 8-months-old. She picks up a
toy in her crib and accidentally hits her crib with the toy, making an interesting noise. She begins
to drag the toy back and forth against the sides of the crib's railing, which produces another
different and interesting sound. This prompts Lucy to continue repeating the action over and
over again. Piaget would say that this is an example of
substage 3: secondary circular reactions - Answers Baby Jimmy's parent places a brand new
rattle in his crib, and Jimmy immediately picks it up and tries to mouth the rattle. When it shakes,
it makes noise. Jimmy immediately tries shaking the rattle in different ways to see how the
sound changes. He seems to enjoy this activity. Piaget would say that this is an example of
egocentric thought - Answers 3-year-old Randy occasionally talks to himself in front of others,
and ignores his mother's instructions to come to the table and eat with his family. In this
example, Randy is demonstrating
conversation - Answers Johnny is a 4-year-old youngster who is having lunch with his mother
and sister. When his mother pours the milk that is left in the carton into the children's glasses,
she finds that there isn't enough to fill both glasses, so she carefully pours half of the milk in the
shorter, fatter glass into a thin, taller glass in front of Johnny's sister. Immediately, Johnny
complains that his sister got more milk than he did, and even when his mother tries to explain
that they both got the same amount, Johnny insisted he was right. In this example, Johnny is
demonstrating a lack of development in the area of
egocentric thought - Answers 3-year-old Wendy is playing hide-and-seek with some older
,children. However, instead of running to find a hiding place away from the other children, Wendy
simply covers her eyes. In this example, Wendy is demonstrating
object permanence - Answers Baby Nicholas watches as his mother leaves the room, but he
does not cry because he understands that his mother still exists even though he cannot see her.
This is an example of which reaction concept?
assimiliation - Answers Four-year-old Alex and his mother visited the zoo. While they were there,
Alex's mother took him to see the squirrel exhibit. Alex saw many different types of squirrels,
but when he saw a flying squirrel glide from one branch to the next he pointed and said, "A bird."
Considering Piaget's work, Alex is demonstrating an example of
accommodation - Answers Five-year-old Alex and his mother visited the zoo. While they were
there, Alex's mother took him to see the squirrel exhibit. Alex saw many different types of
squirrels, but when he saw a flying squirrel glide from one branch to the next he pointed and
said, "A bird with a tail." Considering Piaget's work, Alex is demonstrating an example of
propositional thought - Answers According to Piaget, what do adolescents employ during the
formal operational stage of development that helps them reason differently than children in the
concrete development stage?
preschool years; preoperational - Answers Piaget believed that the _______ fit entirely in a single
stage of cognitive development called ___________ stage.
preoperational - Answers If a preschool child thinks largely in an egocentric manner, then from
the Piaget's perspective he would say that the child is in the ________ stage.
4-8 months of age - Answers Piaget's Substage 3: Secondary circular reactions stage occurs for
infants in the age range of
assimilating the comb into his existing schemes - Answers While being dressed for bed, 7-
month-old Darnell picked up new baby's comb that his mother just bought for him. Darnell had
never seen this before and didn't know how it was used, so he tried to put it in his mouth. Piaget
might say that Darnell was
level of physical maturation; the nature of the social environment in which the child is raised -
Answers Piaget believed that the exact timing of a stage reflects an interaction between the
infant's ________ and __________.
Vygotsky - Answers Which developmental psychologist believed that cognitive development is a
result of social interactions in which children learn through guided participation and working
with mentors to solve problems?
concrete operational - Answers What is the term that refers to the period of cognitive
development between 7 and 12 years of age, which is characterized by the active, and
, appropriate, use of logic?
learning theory approach - Answers Almost every time Baby Will articulates the word "da," his
father picks him up with joy, smiles, and praises his son for trying to say "dad." The father's
behavior reinforces Will's behavior, and this is an example of
rises; falls - Answers Evidence comparing American English, German, and Mandarin Chinese
speakers shows that in each language, a mother's pitch _________ when a mother is attempting
to get an infant's attention and ________ when she is try to calm an infant.
interactionist perspective - Answers Which theory of language acquisition combines several
schools of thought to hypothesize that language development is produced through a
combination of genetic predispositions and environmental circumstances that help teach
language?
pragmatics - Answers When a young child begins to learn how to take turns in conversation,
stay on topic, and give appropriate responses such as "please" and "thank you," the child is
demonstrating knowledge of
linguistic-relativity hypothesis - Answers The __________________ states that language shapes
and may even determine the way people of a particular culture perceive the world.
Pedro will maintain sensitivity and ability to discriminate sounds of English and Spanish
languages even after 9 months - Answers Pedro is born in America but is exposed to English
and Spanish from birth because his parents speak both languages at home fluently. Given what
we know from research on infant perception we can predict that____________________.
by interacting naturally with humans - Answers Complete the sentence: According to Dr. Savage
-Rumbaugh, bonobos have acquired geometric language __________________________
Nativist - Answers Read the following scenario and determine which perspective does this
anecdotal evidence support most strongly?
Although Angela does not speak French, she was able to translate an English sentence (that's
her native language) into French. She used a French dictionary to translate the English words
into French and then arranged them in the same order as she would arrange them in English. To
her surprise, her French friend was able to understand the sentence, even though it did have
some grammatical errors
interactionist - Answers Research on bonobos supports what perspective most strongly?
Learning - Answers Read the following scenario and determine what perspective does this
anecdotal evidence support most strongly?
