NR 566 – Advanced Pharmacology Final Exam
Practice Guide
Comprehensive Review & Answer Key
Prepared for: NR 566 Advanced Pharmacology Students
Purpose: To strengthen critical clinical reasoning and prescribing decisions in advanced practice
nursing.
What is the recommended dosage and administration method for estradiol in
gender-affirmation surgery?
5-10 mg weekly via IM injection, increasing according to patient response.
What are the risks associated with testosterone abuse?
HTN, testicular shrinkage, sterility, gynecomastia, acne, atherosclerosis, and
psychological effects.
What are the adverse effects of testosterone therapy in transgender men?
Cardiac risks, HTN, increased hematocrit, polycythemia, hepatic injury, and
potential for thromboembolic events.
What is the therapeutic goal of using alpha-1 adrenergic antagonists in BPH?
To decrease urinary urgency by reducing bladder smooth muscle contractions.
What are the common adverse effects of first-generation antihistamines?
Sedation, dizziness, confusion, GI effects, and anticholinergic effects.
What is the primary indication for intranasal glucocorticoids?
Prevention and treatment of seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis.
What are the adverse effects of glucocorticoids?
Osteoporosis, increased infection susceptibility, impaired wound healing,
hyperglycemia, and psychological disturbances.
What is the mechanism of action of sympathomimetics used as decongestants?
,They activate α1-adrenergic receptors on nasal blood vessels, causing
vasoconstriction and reducing congestion.
What is the risk associated with prolonged use of topical decongestants?
Rebound congestion, leading to increased usage and potential misuse.
What is the MOA of β-adrenergic blocking agents like Timolol in glaucoma
treatment?
They lower IOP by decreasing the production of aqueous humor
What is the primary treatment for mild acne?
Topical antibiotics and retinoids.
What are the indications for using isotretinoin in acne treatment?
Severe acne that has not responded to other treatments.
What is the primary indication for ciprofloxacin otic drops?
Treatment of otitis externa caused by Staphylococcus or Pseudomonas.
What are the early reactions to first-generation antipsychotics?
Acute dystonia and Parkinsonism, which may require anticholinergic treatment.
What is the therapeutic effect timeline for first-generation antipsychotics in
schizophrenia?
Initial effects in 1-2 days
Substantial improvement in 2-4 weeks
Full effects may take several months.
What should patients on clindamycin be educated to report?
Any significant diarrhea.
What is the recommended action if a patient is on a 5α-reductase inhibitor like
dutasteride?
Monitor for symptoms improvement over 6-12 months and report any sexual
dysfunction.
, What is the indication for Palivizumab?
RSV prophylaxis.
How is Palivizumab administered?
As a monthly IM injection of 15mg/kg shortly before RSV season and continued
until the end of the season.
What is the treatment choice for Enterobiasis (pin worms)?
Albendazole and Mebendazole.
What is the mechanism of action of Albendazole?
Inhibits effects on tubulin polymerization, which stops the worm intestines.
What does Mebendazole specifically target?
It targets just the worms by blocking the polymerization of tubulin in the
parasite's intestinal wall.
What is Nystatin used to treat?
It is the first-line therapy for various Candida fungal infections.
What are the routes of administration for Nystatin?
PO or topically.
What are the side effects of Nystatin?
GI upset and local irritation to the skin if used topically.
What precaution should be taken when using Nystatin?
It is not recommended for treating systemic mycoses.
What is the purpose of antibiotic stewardship?
To ensure appropriate use of antibiotics to reduce resistance and avoid
unnecessary use.
What is empirical treatment in the context of antibiotic therapy?
Starting antibiotics before lab results confirm the infection type, usually in cases
of severe infection.
Practice Guide
Comprehensive Review & Answer Key
Prepared for: NR 566 Advanced Pharmacology Students
Purpose: To strengthen critical clinical reasoning and prescribing decisions in advanced practice
nursing.
What is the recommended dosage and administration method for estradiol in
gender-affirmation surgery?
5-10 mg weekly via IM injection, increasing according to patient response.
What are the risks associated with testosterone abuse?
HTN, testicular shrinkage, sterility, gynecomastia, acne, atherosclerosis, and
psychological effects.
What are the adverse effects of testosterone therapy in transgender men?
Cardiac risks, HTN, increased hematocrit, polycythemia, hepatic injury, and
potential for thromboembolic events.
What is the therapeutic goal of using alpha-1 adrenergic antagonists in BPH?
To decrease urinary urgency by reducing bladder smooth muscle contractions.
What are the common adverse effects of first-generation antihistamines?
Sedation, dizziness, confusion, GI effects, and anticholinergic effects.
What is the primary indication for intranasal glucocorticoids?
Prevention and treatment of seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis.
What are the adverse effects of glucocorticoids?
Osteoporosis, increased infection susceptibility, impaired wound healing,
hyperglycemia, and psychological disturbances.
What is the mechanism of action of sympathomimetics used as decongestants?
,They activate α1-adrenergic receptors on nasal blood vessels, causing
vasoconstriction and reducing congestion.
What is the risk associated with prolonged use of topical decongestants?
Rebound congestion, leading to increased usage and potential misuse.
What is the MOA of β-adrenergic blocking agents like Timolol in glaucoma
treatment?
They lower IOP by decreasing the production of aqueous humor
What is the primary treatment for mild acne?
Topical antibiotics and retinoids.
What are the indications for using isotretinoin in acne treatment?
Severe acne that has not responded to other treatments.
What is the primary indication for ciprofloxacin otic drops?
Treatment of otitis externa caused by Staphylococcus or Pseudomonas.
What are the early reactions to first-generation antipsychotics?
Acute dystonia and Parkinsonism, which may require anticholinergic treatment.
What is the therapeutic effect timeline for first-generation antipsychotics in
schizophrenia?
Initial effects in 1-2 days
Substantial improvement in 2-4 weeks
Full effects may take several months.
What should patients on clindamycin be educated to report?
Any significant diarrhea.
What is the recommended action if a patient is on a 5α-reductase inhibitor like
dutasteride?
Monitor for symptoms improvement over 6-12 months and report any sexual
dysfunction.
, What is the indication for Palivizumab?
RSV prophylaxis.
How is Palivizumab administered?
As a monthly IM injection of 15mg/kg shortly before RSV season and continued
until the end of the season.
What is the treatment choice for Enterobiasis (pin worms)?
Albendazole and Mebendazole.
What is the mechanism of action of Albendazole?
Inhibits effects on tubulin polymerization, which stops the worm intestines.
What does Mebendazole specifically target?
It targets just the worms by blocking the polymerization of tubulin in the
parasite's intestinal wall.
What is Nystatin used to treat?
It is the first-line therapy for various Candida fungal infections.
What are the routes of administration for Nystatin?
PO or topically.
What are the side effects of Nystatin?
GI upset and local irritation to the skin if used topically.
What precaution should be taken when using Nystatin?
It is not recommended for treating systemic mycoses.
What is the purpose of antibiotic stewardship?
To ensure appropriate use of antibiotics to reduce resistance and avoid
unnecessary use.
What is empirical treatment in the context of antibiotic therapy?
Starting antibiotics before lab results confirm the infection type, usually in cases
of severe infection.
