PSY 352 COMPREHENSIVE EXAM 2025/2026 QUESTIONS
AND SOLUTIONS GRADED A+ TIP
✔✔Because mental disoders are heritable, they are genetic disorders.. T/F - ✔✔fasle
✔✔temperament - ✔✔Childs reactivity to environment and characteristic ways of self
regulation -- managing emotions/focussing attention
✔✔Early temperament is the basis from which what develops? - ✔✔Personality
✔✔5 dimensions of temperament - ✔✔fearfulness, irritability and frustration,positive
affect, activity level, attentional persistance and emotional control
✔✔neuroplasticity - ✔✔the brains ability to change and adapt in structure and function
due to experiences
✔✔neuroscience/phenomenology - ✔✔neuro- casual, reductionism looks at bio
mechanisms at work
phen-meaning bases understanding
✔✔psychodynamic perspective - ✔✔freud's theory of unconsciousness - ego, id,
superego-Ego deals by using defense mech.
✔✔examples of defense mechanisms - ✔✔displacement, fixation, projection, rejection,
regression, repression, sublimation
✔✔psychosexual stages of development - ✔✔oral,anal, phallic, latency, genital
✔✔attachment theory - ✔✔John Bowlby- used freuds- emphasized importance of
childhood experiences in forming adult attachments
✔✔object relations theory - ✔✔child develops symoblic representaions of objects in
world(imp. people)
✔✔ego psychology - ✔✔ego is important in delaying gratification,and using defense
mechanism
✔✔Humanistic - ✔✔-life has limitless possibilites and you have free will
-human nature is "good"
- emphasis on conscious and self
pg .82
✔✔Existentialism - ✔✔time is running out..worry
-essence v. existence
, -more negative p. 82
✔✔Behavioral approach - ✔✔behavior is the result of an experience
abnormal behavior is bc of abnormal lernign experience
✔✔classical conditioning - ✔✔ucr, uns, cr, cs
✔✔generalization - ✔✔response is conditioned to one stimulus, and can be evoked by
other similar stimuli
eg. fear of dogs can lead to being scared of a lamb
✔✔discrimination - ✔✔learning to distinguish between similar stimuli
✔✔operant conditioning - ✔✔consequences of behavior determine if behavior happens
again
✔✔cognitive behavioral approach - ✔✔how thoughts and info processing become
distorted which leads to abnormal behavior
✔✔schema - ✔✔belief about others ourselves, and the world
✔✔attributions - ✔✔assigning causes to what happens
(internal/external)(stable/unstable)(global/specific)
✔✔parenting styles - ✔✔authoritative(love and limits), authoritarian(limits)
permissive(love, no limits) neglectful (no love, no limits)
✔✔divorce/ long standing martial discord - ✔✔pg 96
basically- divorce can be good bc it removes the child from the fighting
✔✔ACE - ✔✔system that assess if childhood issues translate into adult issues
as ACE scores went up, adult problems went up
✔✔Sociocultural viewpoint - ✔✔development influence by societal "norms"
specific societal stressors
✔✔social causation hypothesis - ✔✔low ses = increase of onset/duration of
abnormalities
✔✔social selection/down drift theory - ✔✔disorder itself leads to lower ses
✔✔a child who is said to be "high approach" responds to a new social situation by: -
✔✔walking in and becoming part of the group
AND SOLUTIONS GRADED A+ TIP
✔✔Because mental disoders are heritable, they are genetic disorders.. T/F - ✔✔fasle
✔✔temperament - ✔✔Childs reactivity to environment and characteristic ways of self
regulation -- managing emotions/focussing attention
✔✔Early temperament is the basis from which what develops? - ✔✔Personality
✔✔5 dimensions of temperament - ✔✔fearfulness, irritability and frustration,positive
affect, activity level, attentional persistance and emotional control
✔✔neuroplasticity - ✔✔the brains ability to change and adapt in structure and function
due to experiences
✔✔neuroscience/phenomenology - ✔✔neuro- casual, reductionism looks at bio
mechanisms at work
phen-meaning bases understanding
✔✔psychodynamic perspective - ✔✔freud's theory of unconsciousness - ego, id,
superego-Ego deals by using defense mech.
✔✔examples of defense mechanisms - ✔✔displacement, fixation, projection, rejection,
regression, repression, sublimation
✔✔psychosexual stages of development - ✔✔oral,anal, phallic, latency, genital
✔✔attachment theory - ✔✔John Bowlby- used freuds- emphasized importance of
childhood experiences in forming adult attachments
✔✔object relations theory - ✔✔child develops symoblic representaions of objects in
world(imp. people)
✔✔ego psychology - ✔✔ego is important in delaying gratification,and using defense
mechanism
✔✔Humanistic - ✔✔-life has limitless possibilites and you have free will
-human nature is "good"
- emphasis on conscious and self
pg .82
✔✔Existentialism - ✔✔time is running out..worry
-essence v. existence
, -more negative p. 82
✔✔Behavioral approach - ✔✔behavior is the result of an experience
abnormal behavior is bc of abnormal lernign experience
✔✔classical conditioning - ✔✔ucr, uns, cr, cs
✔✔generalization - ✔✔response is conditioned to one stimulus, and can be evoked by
other similar stimuli
eg. fear of dogs can lead to being scared of a lamb
✔✔discrimination - ✔✔learning to distinguish between similar stimuli
✔✔operant conditioning - ✔✔consequences of behavior determine if behavior happens
again
✔✔cognitive behavioral approach - ✔✔how thoughts and info processing become
distorted which leads to abnormal behavior
✔✔schema - ✔✔belief about others ourselves, and the world
✔✔attributions - ✔✔assigning causes to what happens
(internal/external)(stable/unstable)(global/specific)
✔✔parenting styles - ✔✔authoritative(love and limits), authoritarian(limits)
permissive(love, no limits) neglectful (no love, no limits)
✔✔divorce/ long standing martial discord - ✔✔pg 96
basically- divorce can be good bc it removes the child from the fighting
✔✔ACE - ✔✔system that assess if childhood issues translate into adult issues
as ACE scores went up, adult problems went up
✔✔Sociocultural viewpoint - ✔✔development influence by societal "norms"
specific societal stressors
✔✔social causation hypothesis - ✔✔low ses = increase of onset/duration of
abnormalities
✔✔social selection/down drift theory - ✔✔disorder itself leads to lower ses
✔✔a child who is said to be "high approach" responds to a new social situation by: -
✔✔walking in and becoming part of the group
