NRSG 3302 Exam 2
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_i35r4u
1. 5 P's of labor: powers, passageway, passenger, position, psyche
2. Powers: *contractions*
- 1st stage of labor they dilate the cervix
- 2nd stage they aid in expulsion of baby
- originate in fundus and sweep down the uterus
- start irregular, become regular as labor progresses
- measured by intensity, frequency, and duration
3. Passageway: - shape of pelvis is important, can lead to ease of or complications w/ delivery
- cardinal movements through the pelvix from inlet(T), midpelvis(P), and outlet(down)
- cervix dilation and effacement, must be 10cm dilated and 100% effaced before pushing
4. Bishop score: - Determines maternal readiness for labor by evaluating whether the cervix is favorable by rating
cervical dilation, effacement, consistency, position, and station
- the higher the score the more likely they will go into labor soon, lower scores are not close to labor
5. passenger: *The fetus*
~ fetal attitude: flexion vs extension
~ fetal lie: longitudinal or transverse
~ fetal presentation: cephalic, breech, shoulder
~ station: where baby is in relation to ischial spines of the maternal pelvis (negative = above spines, positive = below
spines, you are positive the baby is coming!)
6. Cephalic presentations: - Vertex or occiput: head tucked in, back of head presents
- Sinciput: head is looking straight ahead
- Brown: head is slightly upturned
- Mentum: head is looking all the way up
~ the more extended the head is, the harder it will be for the baby to come out because the diameter is larger
7. Breech presentations: *buttocks first*
- Frank: legs extended, flexed up against baby's body (*risk of cord prolapse very high*)
- Full: legs flexed
- Footling: foot is the presenting part
8. Shoulder presentation: baby is transverse and the shoulder is the presenting part - *requires C-section*
9. Gynecoid pelvis: - typical female pelvis
- slightly oval, basically round w/ spacious sides
- ischial spines not very prominent
, NRSG 3302 Exam 2
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_i35r4u
- wide pubic arch
- *most favorable for vaginal delivery*
10. anthropoid pelvis: egg-shaped with narrow sides
11. platypelloid pelvis: very oval and narrow
12. android pelvis: - typical male shape
- heart-shaped and somewhat narrowed
13. Fetal position: relation of the presenting part to the 4 quadrants of the maternal pelvis, represented by 3
letters
14. How to determine 3 letters for fetal position: 1) direction of the presenting part - MOM'S
left or right > L (baby's back against mom's left) or R
2) Presenting Part
O = occiput (most common, fetal head is flexed)
M = mentum (fetal head extended)
Sa = sacrum (breech presentation)
A = acromium process (transverse presentation)
3) Relationship to pelvis
A = anterior (baby's back against mom's anterior)
P = posterior
T = transverse
*Most common is LOA*
15. Palpation of fontanelles during delivery: Triangle = posterior fontanelle facing front of mom >
anterior presentation
Diamond = anterior fontanelle > posterior presentation
16. Psyche: emotional response to labor, pain is a big factor
17. Leopold Maneuvers: Palpate different areas of the uterus to determine fetal position and presentation
1) palpate superior surface of fundus - if cephalic presentation, you should feel the buttocks
2) each side of uterus - facing left or right
3) suprapubic area - palpate for presenting part, if cephalic you will feel the head
4) fetal attitude - *only done if in cephalic presentation*, palpate position of the head to determine flexion/extension
18. VEALCHOP: Variables = Cord compression
Early decels = Head compression
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_i35r4u
1. 5 P's of labor: powers, passageway, passenger, position, psyche
2. Powers: *contractions*
- 1st stage of labor they dilate the cervix
- 2nd stage they aid in expulsion of baby
- originate in fundus and sweep down the uterus
- start irregular, become regular as labor progresses
- measured by intensity, frequency, and duration
3. Passageway: - shape of pelvis is important, can lead to ease of or complications w/ delivery
- cardinal movements through the pelvix from inlet(T), midpelvis(P), and outlet(down)
- cervix dilation and effacement, must be 10cm dilated and 100% effaced before pushing
4. Bishop score: - Determines maternal readiness for labor by evaluating whether the cervix is favorable by rating
cervical dilation, effacement, consistency, position, and station
- the higher the score the more likely they will go into labor soon, lower scores are not close to labor
5. passenger: *The fetus*
~ fetal attitude: flexion vs extension
~ fetal lie: longitudinal or transverse
~ fetal presentation: cephalic, breech, shoulder
~ station: where baby is in relation to ischial spines of the maternal pelvis (negative = above spines, positive = below
spines, you are positive the baby is coming!)
6. Cephalic presentations: - Vertex or occiput: head tucked in, back of head presents
- Sinciput: head is looking straight ahead
- Brown: head is slightly upturned
- Mentum: head is looking all the way up
~ the more extended the head is, the harder it will be for the baby to come out because the diameter is larger
7. Breech presentations: *buttocks first*
- Frank: legs extended, flexed up against baby's body (*risk of cord prolapse very high*)
- Full: legs flexed
- Footling: foot is the presenting part
8. Shoulder presentation: baby is transverse and the shoulder is the presenting part - *requires C-section*
9. Gynecoid pelvis: - typical female pelvis
- slightly oval, basically round w/ spacious sides
- ischial spines not very prominent
, NRSG 3302 Exam 2
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_i35r4u
- wide pubic arch
- *most favorable for vaginal delivery*
10. anthropoid pelvis: egg-shaped with narrow sides
11. platypelloid pelvis: very oval and narrow
12. android pelvis: - typical male shape
- heart-shaped and somewhat narrowed
13. Fetal position: relation of the presenting part to the 4 quadrants of the maternal pelvis, represented by 3
letters
14. How to determine 3 letters for fetal position: 1) direction of the presenting part - MOM'S
left or right > L (baby's back against mom's left) or R
2) Presenting Part
O = occiput (most common, fetal head is flexed)
M = mentum (fetal head extended)
Sa = sacrum (breech presentation)
A = acromium process (transverse presentation)
3) Relationship to pelvis
A = anterior (baby's back against mom's anterior)
P = posterior
T = transverse
*Most common is LOA*
15. Palpation of fontanelles during delivery: Triangle = posterior fontanelle facing front of mom >
anterior presentation
Diamond = anterior fontanelle > posterior presentation
16. Psyche: emotional response to labor, pain is a big factor
17. Leopold Maneuvers: Palpate different areas of the uterus to determine fetal position and presentation
1) palpate superior surface of fundus - if cephalic presentation, you should feel the buttocks
2) each side of uterus - facing left or right
3) suprapubic area - palpate for presenting part, if cephalic you will feel the head
4) fetal attitude - *only done if in cephalic presentation*, palpate position of the head to determine flexion/extension
18. VEALCHOP: Variables = Cord compression
Early decels = Head compression
