Test Bank for Davis Advantage for Pathophysiology: Introductory Concepts and Clinical Perspectives, 3rd Edition by Theresa Capriotti (F.A. Davis Company, 2024) | ISBN: 9781719648592 | All Chapters

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Chapter1,TheCellin Healthand Illness wm wm




MultipleChoice
Identify thechoicethatbestcompletesthestatementor answersthequestion.
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w m 1. Whichstatement regardingthesodium–potassiumpump is correct?
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1. Thecell’s plasmamembrane is moresolubletosodium ionsthan potassium ions.
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2. Theconcentration ofsodium ions shouldbe higherinside thecellcompartment.
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3. Theconcentration of potassium ionsshould behigheroutsidethecell wm wm wm wm




compartment.
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4. Theactivetransportinvolvespumping outthree sodium ionsand pumpingin two i wm wm wm wm wm




potassium ions.
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2. Inthe absence of oxygen,which cellularfunction creates thesame amount ofenergy as is
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created in the presence of oxygen?
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1. Dissipationofpyruvic acid .zi




2. Initiationofthe citricacid cycle wm wm




3. Activationofacetyl-coenzymeA
4. Creationofacidosis vialactic acid wm wm




3. Howmanyadenosinetriphosphates(ATPs)areproducedinaerobicenergymetabolism? .zi




1. 2
2. 3
3. 34
4. 53

4. Whichcell organelles differintheirnumberaccording tothecell’s energy needs?
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1. Ribosomes
2. Mitochondria

, 3. Ribonucleicacids .zi




4. Deoxyribonucleic acids wm




5. w mWhichoptionbest supports the reasonmore energy is producedwhen aperson is exercising?
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1. Exercisecausesanincreasein thesynthesis ofprotein. wm wm




2. There is an increase in theproduction ofpyruvicacid inthe cells.
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3. Theconversionof pyruvic acid tolactic acid is increasedby exercise. w
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4. Musclecells havemore mitochondria tomeet energy demands.iwm wm wm iw m wm




6. w m When does ribosomal proteinsynthesiscease?
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1. Duringendoplasmicreticulumstress
2. Duringthesynthesisofadenosinetriphosphate(ATP)
3. Duringaseverehypoxicstate
4. Duringtheprocessing ofprohormone wm




7. w m w m Whichcellular organellesare responsibleforpropellingmucus andinhaled debrisout ofthe lungs?
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1. Cilia
2. Microfilaments
3. Secretoryvesicles
4. Endoplasmicreticula

8. w m w m Whicharethekey proteinsin thecontractileunits ofthemuscle cells?
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1. Actinandmyosin
2. Prohormoneandtubulin
3. Tubulinandactin m
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4. Myosinand prohormone w
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9. WhichdeficiencycausesTay–Sachsdisease? .zi




1. Proteasome
2. Peroxisome
3. Macrophage
4. Lysosomal enzymes wm




w m 10. w m w mWhichisa characteristic ofadrenoleukodystrophy?
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1. Accumulationofganglioside
2. Cessationofribosomalproteinsynthesis
3. Accelerationofcellularproteasomeactivity
4. Accumulationoflong-chainfattyacidsinthenervoussystem i.z




w m 11. w m Whichstatementregardingendoplasmicreticulum(ER)stressiscorrect? .zi




1. DuringERstress,proteinsarerapidlydegraded.
2. DuringERstress,lipids cannot traveltotheir properintracellular locations. i wm i.z wm wm




3. DuringERstress,long-chainfattyacidsaccumulateinthe nervoussystem. w m




4. DuringERstress,nondegradedsubstancesaccumulateinthecells.
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,12. Aclient is diagnosedwith type 1diabetes mellitus. Atacellular level,which function is likelyto be
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involved?
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1. Inability of ribosomes toproduceaspecific type ofprotein
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2. Incorrect processing ofa protein bythe Golgiapparatus
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3. Stagnationofapreviouslydynamicactioninmicrotubules m
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4. Obstructionofthe smoothendoplasmic reticulum
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13. A newborn patient exhibits characteristics of severe physical deformities. Which
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cellular componentis examinedtodeterminethecauseandprobability of thediseasebeing
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genetically transferred?
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1. TransferRNA
2. RibosomalRNA
3. Doublehelix ofDNA wm




4. Mitochondrial DNA wm




14. Ahiker experiences muscle painandacidosis whileascending amountain duringa long,steep
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climb. Which is the reason for these manifestations?
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1. Cellularhypoxia
2. Autolysis
3. Heterolysis
4. Cellularedema

, 15. Which factor provides DNA the unique molecular ability to replicate?
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1. Thepairing ofnitrogenous bases w
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2. Thepresenceof pyrimidine bases w
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3. Thepresence of nucleotides w
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4. Thenitrogenousbaseand phosphatebond m
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16. How many nitrogenous bases compose a single codon?
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1. 2
2. 3
3. 4
4. 5

17. Which components form the structure of DNA?
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1. Nucleotides
2. Aminoacids
3. Fatty acids wm




4. Phosphates

18. Which factor is essential in order for protein synthesis to occur?
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1. Free-standingribosomeswithinthe cell .zi wm




2. Proteinblueprintfromthe cell of theDNA wm w
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3. Specific information fromthenucleusofthecell
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4. TransferRNA tomovetheproteinout of thecell i.z wm wm




19. Tetracyclineantibioticisprescribedforanadultclient with chlamydiainfection.Whichisthe .zi .z .z wm




mechanism of action of the drug?
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1. Itpreventsthereplicationofbacteria.
2. Italterstheconfigurationofbacterialcytoplasm. .zi




3. Itinterfereswiththe function ofbacterialribosomes. wm wm




4. It inhibitsthefunctions ofbacterialmitochondria.
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20. Where doestheconversionofa prohormone intoahormone take place?
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1. Inthe ribosomes
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2. Inthe Golgiapparatus
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3. Inthesecretorygranules
4. Inthe endoplasmic reticulum
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21. Whichisthe cell’s “mastermind”?
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1. Nucleus
2. Ribosome
3. Golgiapparatus
4. Endoplasmicreticulum