Sociology Final Exam ACTUAL UPDATED
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Violations of norms and rules that are written into law are officially called ________. -
CORRECT ANSWER - crimes
The concept of the relativity of deviance is best illustrated by which of the following statements?
- CORRECT ANSWER - It is not the act itself, but the reaction of others to the act that
makes it deviant.
What is a group's formal and informal means of enforcing norms called? - CORRECT
ANSWER - social control
The two disciplines that would be most concerned with addressing qualities within the individual
to explain deviant behavior are ________ and ________. - CORRECT ANSWER -
sociobiology; psychology
Why did the "XYY" chromosome theory fall out of favor as an explanation for criminal
behavior? - CORRECT ANSWER - Most criminals do not have XYY and everyone with
XYY is not a criminal.
The theory of behavior in which people who associate with some groups learn an "excess of
definitions" of deviance, increasing the likelihood that they will become deviant is ________. -
CORRECT ANSWER - differential association theory
Inner and outer controls that work against our tendencies to deviate is known as what theory? -
CORRECT ANSWER - control theory
Susie is a first-year college student. Although she wants to be popular, she has refused
invitations to attend underage drinking parties. Susie has a strong respect for authority, even
when it conflicts with a simple matter such as attending a college party. Susie's decision in this
situation demonstrates a quality of control theory called ________. - CORRECT
ANSWER - inner control
,The significance of names or reputations given to people when they engage in certain types of
behavior is the focus of ________ theory. - CORRECT ANSWER - strain
Which type of sociologists would consider deviance to be a natural part of society? - CORRECT
ANSWER - functionalists
Based on the average of 60 nations, what three occupations enjoy the highest prestige ratings? -
CORRECT ANSWER - college president, Supreme Court judge, astronaut
Erik Wright revised Marx's concept of social classes by regarding some people as simultaneously
occupying more than one class. He termed their positions in the class structure ________. -
CORRECT ANSWER - contradictory class locations
Which of the following family names is a member of the "nouveau riche"? - CORRECT
ANSWER - the Gates family, who founded Microsoft
Ken belongs to a church in which the worship services are highly expressive with spontaneous
"Amens" and "Praise Jesus" outbursts accompanied by loud, inspirational organ music. Ken is
most likely a member of the ________ class. - CORRECT ANSWER - lower
What political party are members of the upper class more likely to belong? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Republican
What is the upward or downward movement in social class by family members from one
generation to the next? - CORRECT ANSWER - intergenerational mobility
Numerically, what is the race of the majority of the poor in the United States? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Native American
, What is the relationship between births to single women and their level of education? -
CORRECT ANSWER - the greater the level of education, the fewer births to single
women
John worked at a steel mill for 25 years. A recessionary economy and competition with foreign
steelmakers forced the closing of the mill. At the age of 45, John is unable to find work in his
town, lives in poverty, and must go on welfare. What is the most likely cause of John's poverty? -
CORRECT ANSWER - Changes in the social structure are the most likely cause.
Pedro, a legal immigrant from Mexico, and George, a white male whose family has been in
America for several generations, have each applied for a car loan at the local bank. Pedro's loan
was turned down while George was granted a loan. In comparing their credit history, both men
had good credit, and their debts and income were comparable. This is an example of ________
against Pedro. - CORRECT ANSWER - institutional discrimination
John recently received his semester grades and found that he had failed two courses. He says the
reason he failed the two courses is that they were taught by female professors. John believes that
women are really not smart enough to teach at the college level. In this example, the female
professors are ________. - CORRECT ANSWER - scapegoats and being blamed for
John's grades
Under czarist Russia, daily living conditions for Jews were made so intolerable that millions
chose to leave Russia and migrate to other countries. This is an example of ________. -
CORRECT ANSWER - indirect transfer
Of the following, the most extreme example of internal colonialism is ________. - CORRECT
ANSWER - slavery
When the Native Americans were pacified by the military in the late 1800s, they were forced to
learn the English language, dress like the white man, renounce their religion, and give up their
customs. This was a classic example of ________. - CORRECT ANSWER - forced
assimilation
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Violations of norms and rules that are written into law are officially called ________. -
CORRECT ANSWER - crimes
The concept of the relativity of deviance is best illustrated by which of the following statements?
- CORRECT ANSWER - It is not the act itself, but the reaction of others to the act that
makes it deviant.
What is a group's formal and informal means of enforcing norms called? - CORRECT
ANSWER - social control
The two disciplines that would be most concerned with addressing qualities within the individual
to explain deviant behavior are ________ and ________. - CORRECT ANSWER -
sociobiology; psychology
Why did the "XYY" chromosome theory fall out of favor as an explanation for criminal
behavior? - CORRECT ANSWER - Most criminals do not have XYY and everyone with
XYY is not a criminal.
The theory of behavior in which people who associate with some groups learn an "excess of
definitions" of deviance, increasing the likelihood that they will become deviant is ________. -
CORRECT ANSWER - differential association theory
Inner and outer controls that work against our tendencies to deviate is known as what theory? -
CORRECT ANSWER - control theory
Susie is a first-year college student. Although she wants to be popular, she has refused
invitations to attend underage drinking parties. Susie has a strong respect for authority, even
when it conflicts with a simple matter such as attending a college party. Susie's decision in this
situation demonstrates a quality of control theory called ________. - CORRECT
ANSWER - inner control
,The significance of names or reputations given to people when they engage in certain types of
behavior is the focus of ________ theory. - CORRECT ANSWER - strain
Which type of sociologists would consider deviance to be a natural part of society? - CORRECT
ANSWER - functionalists
Based on the average of 60 nations, what three occupations enjoy the highest prestige ratings? -
CORRECT ANSWER - college president, Supreme Court judge, astronaut
Erik Wright revised Marx's concept of social classes by regarding some people as simultaneously
occupying more than one class. He termed their positions in the class structure ________. -
CORRECT ANSWER - contradictory class locations
Which of the following family names is a member of the "nouveau riche"? - CORRECT
ANSWER - the Gates family, who founded Microsoft
Ken belongs to a church in which the worship services are highly expressive with spontaneous
"Amens" and "Praise Jesus" outbursts accompanied by loud, inspirational organ music. Ken is
most likely a member of the ________ class. - CORRECT ANSWER - lower
What political party are members of the upper class more likely to belong? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Republican
What is the upward or downward movement in social class by family members from one
generation to the next? - CORRECT ANSWER - intergenerational mobility
Numerically, what is the race of the majority of the poor in the United States? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Native American
, What is the relationship between births to single women and their level of education? -
CORRECT ANSWER - the greater the level of education, the fewer births to single
women
John worked at a steel mill for 25 years. A recessionary economy and competition with foreign
steelmakers forced the closing of the mill. At the age of 45, John is unable to find work in his
town, lives in poverty, and must go on welfare. What is the most likely cause of John's poverty? -
CORRECT ANSWER - Changes in the social structure are the most likely cause.
Pedro, a legal immigrant from Mexico, and George, a white male whose family has been in
America for several generations, have each applied for a car loan at the local bank. Pedro's loan
was turned down while George was granted a loan. In comparing their credit history, both men
had good credit, and their debts and income were comparable. This is an example of ________
against Pedro. - CORRECT ANSWER - institutional discrimination
John recently received his semester grades and found that he had failed two courses. He says the
reason he failed the two courses is that they were taught by female professors. John believes that
women are really not smart enough to teach at the college level. In this example, the female
professors are ________. - CORRECT ANSWER - scapegoats and being blamed for
John's grades
Under czarist Russia, daily living conditions for Jews were made so intolerable that millions
chose to leave Russia and migrate to other countries. This is an example of ________. -
CORRECT ANSWER - indirect transfer
Of the following, the most extreme example of internal colonialism is ________. - CORRECT
ANSWER - slavery
When the Native Americans were pacified by the military in the late 1800s, they were forced to
learn the English language, dress like the white man, renounce their religion, and give up their
customs. This was a classic example of ________. - CORRECT ANSWER - forced
assimilation
