1|Page
NSG 530 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY ACTUAL EXAM |
REAL EXAM QUESTIONS 100% ACCURATE SOLUTIONS
|ALREADY GRADED A+
What is a purpose of the inflammatory process?
A. To provide specific responses toward antigens
B. To lyse cell membranes of microorganisms
C. To prevent infection of the injured tissue
D. To create immunity against subsequent tissue injury
How do surfactant proteins A & D provide innate resistance?
A. They initiate the complement cascade.
B. They promote phagocytosis
C. They secrete mucus.
D. They synthesize lysosomes.
Which secretion provides antibacterial and antifungal fatty acids and lactic acid to provide a
first line of defense?
A. Tears
B. Saliva
C. Perspiration
D. Sebaceous glands
Which bacterium grows in the intestines after prolonged antibiotic therapy?
A. Lactobacillus
B. Candida albicans
C. Clostridium difficile
D. Helicobacter pylori
,2|Page
Which antimicrobial peptide is activated by tumor necrosis factor alpha and is found in
alveolar macrophages and T-lymphocytes?
A. -Defensins
B. -Defensins
C. Cathelicidin
D. Interleukin 1
What process causes edema that occurs during the inflammatory process?
A. Vasodilation
B. Increased capillary permeability
C. Endothelial cell contraction
D. Emigration of neutrophils
What process causes heat and redness that occur during the inflammatory process?
A. Vasodilation
B. Platelet aggregation
C. Increased capillary permeability
D. Endothelial cell contraction
Which component of the plasma protein system tags pathogenic microorganisms for
destruction by neutrophils and macrophages?
A. Complement cascade
B. Clotting system
C. Kinin system
D. Immune system
What is a vascular effect of histamine released from mast cells?
A. Platelet adhesion
B. Initiation of the clotting cascade
,3|Page
C. Vasodilation
D. Increased endothelial adhesiveness
What is an outcome of the complement cascade?
A. Activates the clotting cascade
B. Prevents the spread of infection to adjacent tissues
C. Inactivates chemical mediators such as histamine
D. Attacks bacterial cell membranes
What is function of the complement cascade called opsonization?
A. It is the tagging of pathogenic microorganisms for destruction by neutrophils and
macrophages.
B. It is the processing of pathogenic microorganisms so that activated lymphocytes can be
created for acquired immunity.
C. It is the destruction of glycoprotein cell membranes of pathogenic microorganisms.
D. It is the anaphylatoxic activity resulting in mast cell degranulation.
Which chemical interacts among all plasma protein systems by degrading blood clots,
activating complement and activating the Hageman factor?
A. Kallikrein
B. Histamine
C. Bradykinin
D. Plasmin
Which chemical mediators induce pain during an inflammatory response?
A. Prostaglandins and bradykinin
B. Leukotrienes and serotonin
C. Tryptase and histamine
D. Phospholipase and prostacyclin
, 4|Page
What effect does chemotactic factor have on the inflammatory process?
A. It causes vasodilation around the inflamed area.
B. It stimulates smooth muscle contraction in the inflamed area.
C. It directs leukocytes to the inflamed area.
D. It produces edema around the inflamed area.
Which chemical mediator derived from mast cells retracts endothelial cells to increase
vascular permeability and causes leukocyte adhesion to endothelial cells?
A. Leukotrienes
B. Prostaglandin E
C. Platelet-activating factor
D. Bradykinin
What are the inflammatory effects of nitric oxide (NO)?
A. It increases capillary permeability and causes pain.
B. It increases neutrophil chemotaxis and platelet aggregation.
C. It causes smooth muscle contraction and fever.
D. It decreases mast cell function and decreases platelet aggregation.
When looking at white blood cell differentials, nurses know that patients have early, acute
inflammatory reactions when they notice elevations of which leukocyte?
A. Monocytes
B. Eosinophils
C. Neutrophils
D. Basophils
The predominant phagocytic cells in the later stages of an inflammatory response are:
A. neutrophils.
B. monocytes.
NSG 530 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY ACTUAL EXAM |
REAL EXAM QUESTIONS 100% ACCURATE SOLUTIONS
|ALREADY GRADED A+
What is a purpose of the inflammatory process?
A. To provide specific responses toward antigens
B. To lyse cell membranes of microorganisms
C. To prevent infection of the injured tissue
D. To create immunity against subsequent tissue injury
How do surfactant proteins A & D provide innate resistance?
A. They initiate the complement cascade.
B. They promote phagocytosis
C. They secrete mucus.
D. They synthesize lysosomes.
Which secretion provides antibacterial and antifungal fatty acids and lactic acid to provide a
first line of defense?
A. Tears
B. Saliva
C. Perspiration
D. Sebaceous glands
Which bacterium grows in the intestines after prolonged antibiotic therapy?
A. Lactobacillus
B. Candida albicans
C. Clostridium difficile
D. Helicobacter pylori
,2|Page
Which antimicrobial peptide is activated by tumor necrosis factor alpha and is found in
alveolar macrophages and T-lymphocytes?
A. -Defensins
B. -Defensins
C. Cathelicidin
D. Interleukin 1
What process causes edema that occurs during the inflammatory process?
A. Vasodilation
B. Increased capillary permeability
C. Endothelial cell contraction
D. Emigration of neutrophils
What process causes heat and redness that occur during the inflammatory process?
A. Vasodilation
B. Platelet aggregation
C. Increased capillary permeability
D. Endothelial cell contraction
Which component of the plasma protein system tags pathogenic microorganisms for
destruction by neutrophils and macrophages?
A. Complement cascade
B. Clotting system
C. Kinin system
D. Immune system
What is a vascular effect of histamine released from mast cells?
A. Platelet adhesion
B. Initiation of the clotting cascade
,3|Page
C. Vasodilation
D. Increased endothelial adhesiveness
What is an outcome of the complement cascade?
A. Activates the clotting cascade
B. Prevents the spread of infection to adjacent tissues
C. Inactivates chemical mediators such as histamine
D. Attacks bacterial cell membranes
What is function of the complement cascade called opsonization?
A. It is the tagging of pathogenic microorganisms for destruction by neutrophils and
macrophages.
B. It is the processing of pathogenic microorganisms so that activated lymphocytes can be
created for acquired immunity.
C. It is the destruction of glycoprotein cell membranes of pathogenic microorganisms.
D. It is the anaphylatoxic activity resulting in mast cell degranulation.
Which chemical interacts among all plasma protein systems by degrading blood clots,
activating complement and activating the Hageman factor?
A. Kallikrein
B. Histamine
C. Bradykinin
D. Plasmin
Which chemical mediators induce pain during an inflammatory response?
A. Prostaglandins and bradykinin
B. Leukotrienes and serotonin
C. Tryptase and histamine
D. Phospholipase and prostacyclin
, 4|Page
What effect does chemotactic factor have on the inflammatory process?
A. It causes vasodilation around the inflamed area.
B. It stimulates smooth muscle contraction in the inflamed area.
C. It directs leukocytes to the inflamed area.
D. It produces edema around the inflamed area.
Which chemical mediator derived from mast cells retracts endothelial cells to increase
vascular permeability and causes leukocyte adhesion to endothelial cells?
A. Leukotrienes
B. Prostaglandin E
C. Platelet-activating factor
D. Bradykinin
What are the inflammatory effects of nitric oxide (NO)?
A. It increases capillary permeability and causes pain.
B. It increases neutrophil chemotaxis and platelet aggregation.
C. It causes smooth muscle contraction and fever.
D. It decreases mast cell function and decreases platelet aggregation.
When looking at white blood cell differentials, nurses know that patients have early, acute
inflammatory reactions when they notice elevations of which leukocyte?
A. Monocytes
B. Eosinophils
C. Neutrophils
D. Basophils
The predominant phagocytic cells in the later stages of an inflammatory response are:
A. neutrophils.
B. monocytes.
